Distinguishing Nemrut Dağ and Bingöl A obsidians: geochemical and landscape differences and the archaeological implications

Distinguishing the geochemically similar Bingöl A and Nemrut Da? peralkaline obsidians is a major challenge in Near Eastern obsidian sourcing. Despite abundant claims in the literature otherwise, this study reveals that Bingöl A and Nemrut Da? obsidians are distinguishable with adequate source sampling and highly accurate and repeatable data for geochemically important elements. Earlier research has endeavored to link a simple geochemical trend (peralkalinity) to specific locations at Nemrut Da?, but existing schemes to distinguish Bingöl A and Nemrut Da? obsidians cannot validly link compositional clusters to the landscape. This study demonstrates that additional elements are required to attribute artifacts to specific obsidian-bearing lava flows at the volcano. Limitations of this newly analyzed collection of geo-referenced Nemrut Da? and Bingöl specimens suggests caution is still warranted in sourcing peralkaline obsidians, but a few archaeological implications are clear. New sourcing results from Tell Mozan in northeastern Syria refute a widespread assumption that one can use maximal efficiency to deduce whether peralkaline obsidian artifacts originated from Nemrut Da? or Bingöl A. The ability to discern among these sources also enables inquiries into issues of cultural and technological preferences regarding these obsidians.     

郑州商城出土骨刻文与中国古代的“舞雩”祈雨之祀

殷墟甲骨文中已有关于求雨的"雩祭"了,此后历代相沿,可谓源远流长。早商时期郑州商城遗址出土的两例骨刻文"■■"和"■■"形近而义同,它们可能就是这种雩祭的原型。在郑州商城遗址发现这类祈雨的文字资料,这和郑州商城所在的地理环境及其当时一度干旱缺水的气候条件都有一定的关系。     

Vietnam: Two Decades of Urban Development

Doi moi, adopted as a policy of economic reform in Vietnam in 1986, has ushered in fundamental and sweeping economic and social changes spearheaded by its cities. The paper, by a senior Hong Kong-based geographer, reviews the country's progress over a twodecade period ending in 2006. Discussion of the first decade focuses on deterioration of urban infrastructure and its causes (as well as the onset of reconstruction) based largely on field interviews, reconnaissance, and review of official documents and reports. Coverage of the second decade's more rapid change highlights legal reforms, privatization, foreign direct investment, as well as regional development. The favorable prognosis for urban Vietnam is examined in the context of the country's accession to the WTO and its hosting of the APEC Summit in late 2006. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: O10, O18, O30, P20. 4 figures, 1 table, 26 references.     

《学术批评丛稿》和实话实──兼谈学术书评的开展

《学术批评丛稿》是青年学者杨玉圣同志的一部兼有学术论文和学术评论的论文集,文集自始至终贯穿着实话实说的实事求是精神。科学、健康的学术批评,需要有求索真理、学术自由、学术平等和学术公正的精神。当前中国的学术书评数量上亟待充实、书评队伍需要扩大、书评质量有待提高、书评气氛亟需改善。     

抗战时期贵州合作事业人物讲述

抗战时期,贵州政治地位凸显,大批重要、知名人士涌入贵州。本文介绍十位贵州合作人物,八人有留学背景。周诒春是原清华学校校长、清华大学奠基人;于树德是最早期的共产党人、中国合作事业先驱、合作泰斗;陈筑山原是北京法政大学校长,平教会重要人物;章元善是民国时期影响最大的慈善机构华洋义赈会创始人之一;董希文是著名画家,著名油画《开国大典》的作者。贵州八年合作事业稳定了大后方,支持了抗战,改善了民生,转变了观念。     

Maps and Memory: Readings of Cartography in Twelfth- and Thirteenth-Century Song China

ABSTRACT

This essay traces the early history of the genre of the empire map in China, examines twelfth-century steles and printed maps of the Chinese territories, and analyses contemporary viewings and readings of maps in this genre. It argues that such maps reached a much broader readership of literate elites over the course of the Song Dynasty (960–1279) and acquired new political significance as maps became powerful symbols in debates concerning the pros and cons of negotiated peace.     

从惩罚中透视《雷雨》中的俄底浦斯情结

曹禺先生的《雷雨》是中国现代戏剧史上里程碑式的作品,笔者认为它的主要成功之处是里面所体现的俄底浦斯情结,结合《雷雨》所产生的时代背景,就不难发现曹禺借俄底浦斯情结向我们展示了新旧社会交替时期人们的迷茫、人性生存的悲哀,所以《雷雨》中的俄底浦斯情结带有鲜明的时代特色和强烈的现实意义。     

中国国家博物馆藏唐代“广福窑”朱书“大历元年”青绿釉枕

中国国家博物馆藏唐代广福窑朱书"大历元年"青绿釉枕是罕见的具有绝对纪年的唐代瓷枕实物资料。朱书文字提到的"广福窑"在今四川成都市崇州境内,中晚唐时期崇州窑业十分兴盛,广福窑是其境内系列窑口之一。该瓷枕胎和釉的特征与崇州天福窑青瓷一致,采用含铁量较高的粘土制胎、特殊品种的草木灰制釉。其海棠形造型是受到波斯金银器的影响,反映了唐代川西地区中西文化的交流与融合。从铭文推测,此枕为买地券性质,是迄今发现的年代较早的瓷质买地券之一。铭文行书,字体刚劲雄健、拙朴浑厚,颇得盛唐书体之精髓。