Review Essay

Abstract

This essay is an interpretation of the film No Country for Old Men. Each of the three main characters, it argues, represents a different response to the modern world. It proceeds by examining each character and the final scene.     

'Respect the life of the countryside': the Country Code, government and the conduct of visitors to the countryside in post-war England and Wales

Geographers examining the spaces of government and governance, and in particular those drawing upon the writings of Michel Foucault on government and governmentality, have tended to overlook the importance of different media, technical devices and practices of self-government to specific rationalities and programmes of government. In this paper I argue that the materialities and immaterialities of many mundane media technologies, the way they articulate and translate particular programmes of government, and the way they instil practices of self-government in citizens, are important but frequently overlooked dimensions of the geographies of government. I focus on the codes of countryside conduct – The Country Code/Countryside Code – that have been published in England and Wales since 1951. I examine how the National Parks Commission, and subsequently the Countryside Commission and Countryside Agency, identified the potential strengths and limitations of using the Country Code booklet to govern the conduct of visitors to the countryside. The paper shows how the material form of the booklet and methods of distributing and promoting it were seen to matter, and examines how civil servants attempted to extend the 'reach' of the Code and articulate its message through a diverse range of media which entailed different kinds of performative encounters in different spaces.     

论广西近代圩市的变迁

随着广西近代商品经济的发展和社会性质的变化,广西近代圩市发生相应的变迁。就具体的圩市而言,广西近代圩市有兴有废,但总的趋势是兴多废少;从圩市贸易来看,广西近代圩市有盛有衰,但大部分圩市固定人口增加,商业目渐繁盛,圩市的交易圈也不断扩大;农村商品经济的发展,使可供交易的商品目益增多,从而使圩期逐步缩短。这些从一个侧面反映了广西近代经济的发展和变化。     

明代海南城、市考

明代是海南城池、圩市建设快速发展的时期。本文对明代海南城、市快速发展的原因、概况、特点等进行了分析研究 ,认为明代海南城、市能快速发展 ,其原因是政府重视、政治兴盛、社会经济的进一步发展、寇贼危害以及中原城市文化的影响。为了解明代海南城、市建设历史提供参考。     

《重译富国策》与《续富国策》出版先后问题析

通常观点认为陈炽在重译《富国策》基础上或同时撰写了《续富国策》一书。本根据《续富国策》书中的具体内容和《重译富国策》的序言证明正确结论应是《续富国策》撰写出版在先,《重译富国策》译述发表于后。     

Getting yourself out of the way: Aboriginal people listening and belonging in the city

Much is known about the meaning of Country to Aboriginal people living in northern Australia. Discourse abounds in various disciplines about how Country provides people in remote locations with a sense of belonging and place. Yet little is known about what Country means to Aboriginal people living in large urban locations such as Sydney, Australia. The two authors conducted a series of interviews with nine Aboriginal people about what Country and belonging mean for them in the city. A methodological relation between the two authors is explored as a means of reflecting on the role of mentoring in a research partnership, and on the transferal of research capacity through that collaboration. Older participants identify how listening and belonging are each governed by the other to the extent that there can be no belonging without listening. We draw on the frames of both human geography and philosophy to argue that listening depends on an ability to get yourself out of the way.     

Divergent Regional Trajectories in Australia's Tropical Savannas: Indicators of a Multifunctional Rural Transition

As elsewhere in affluent, western nations, Australia's tropical savanna zone is experiencing a complex transition towards multifunctional occupance in which emerging consumption, protection and Indigenous values are contesting the former dominance of production values, tied to extensive pastoral occupance and agricultural development projects. This transition is contributing to increased complexity and diversity within and between regions. Divergent regional functional trajectories, evident over the three decades from 1976 to 2006, can be identified and depicted within the triangular relativities between production, consumption and protection values. Core pastoral regions have experienced discernible, if variable, functional trajectories while retaining a modified productivist orientation. In marginal, ‘frontier’ regions limited scope for capital accumulation has created an expansive space for both market and non-market interests and ideologies to propel functional transitions towards more complex, contested occupance modes. Lack of success in pursuit of productivist goals enhances capability in satisfying emerging national aspirations in recognising Indigenous land rights, in preserving unique biota and valued semi-natural landscapes, in fostering sustainable resource use and in promoting distinctive styles of tourism and recreation. The Darwin region has experienced a transition towards urban amenity occupance shaped by consumption and protection values. Tenure changes recognising Aboriginal ownership in the Arnhem region have facilitated regionwide self-managed Indigenous occupance. Divergent regional functional trajectories are starkly revealed in a comparison of driving forces, decision processes and functional trajectories between the Barkly Tableland and the adjoining Gulf Country.     

House forms and Recuay culture: Residential compounds at Yayno (Ancash,Peru), a fortified hilltop town,AD 400–800

This article assesses residential architecture at the site of Yayno, Pomabamba, north central highlands of Peru. Mapping and sampling excavations show the primary occupation of the site dates to cal AD 400–800, by groups of the Recuay tradition. The results are described in relation to three forms of local dwellings. Considerable variability characterizes their size, construction quality and contents, although the present evidence suggests their inhabitants were largely coeval and used similar material culture. Also, some of the circular and quadrangular compounds are of monumental character. The imagery of Recuay artworks allows further understanding of the compounds, specifically as mimetic forms of chiefs, both representational and metaphorical. The research concludes that the development of chiefly political centers in the high Andes coincided with strong internal differentiation at the community level, and that Recuay elite practices and monumentalism emerged out of local corporate traditions.     

春秋时期诸侯国是独立主权国家吗?--与叶自成先生商榷

叶自成先生于近期发表的《中国外交的起源——试论春秋时期周王室和诸侯国的性质》一文提出了春秋时期诸侯国是独立主权国家的理论。本文认为,诸侯国无论对内还是对外都要尊天子、循周礼,因此不拥有主权。对中国这样一个多民族国家来说,不能简单地用中央政权对割据政权制约能力的强弱来确定这些政权是否为国家。统一的政治一文化空间和大一统的国家认同是更重要的因素。     

History of German Universities

This article has three main goals. Firstly, it intends to present the interesting but little-studied intellectual figure of Sir Francis Kynaston (1586ca.–1642), his educational enterprises, and his contributions to 17th-century English culture. Secondly, it aims to illustrate in detail his often neglected or, at best, misunderstood political ideas and connect them to the type of debates and controversies he was involved in at the end of the 1620s. In doing so, one of the principal objectives will be to revisit the traditional scholarly interpretations of Kynaston's place within the history of political thought in early modern England. In particular, attention will be paid to the language Kynaston employed to attack a specific political paradigm, that is parliamentarian “patriotism”. Finally, the essay will endeavour to show the interplay between Kynaston's educational project and cultural ideals, on one side, and his absolutist political doctrines and goals, on the other.