汉代桥梁图像的建筑学研究

汉代是中国古代建筑史上非常重要的奠基阶段,截至东汉晚期四大基本桥型均已出现,而且已经出现不同类型的发展和变化。文中通过对汉代画像砖石及壁画等材料上的桥梁图像进行分析,结合目前已发掘的汉代桥梁遗址和文献中的相关记载,对汉代桥梁类型和结构进行了较为全面的梳理和研究。     

应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)初探古代墓葬壁画胶结材料中的狗胶原蛋白

古代墓葬壁画颜料中的胶结材料成分研究是国内外考古界研究的热点方向之一。本研究针对我国北方公元5世纪墓葬壁画中红色、黑色和黄色壁画颜料样品,利用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA),对样品中的狗胶原蛋白浓度进行了分析测定。结果发现,红色干燥壁画颜料中含有狗胶原蛋白,含量为7.328mg/L,而黑色、黄色和红色湿润壁画颜料中均未检测到狗胶原蛋白成分。利用ELISA成功检测出我国古代壁画颜料中胶结材料成分。该检测方法可以直接、快速检测古代壁画胶结材料中动物胶原蛋白的种类。     

周口关帝庙建筑彩画艺术研究

周口关帝庙建筑彩画是河南省内保存较为完整的一处清中期文物建筑彩画遗存,具有一定的历史和艺术价值.文章系统描述了庙内各建筑的彩画构成,进而分析了它的制作年代、结构特征和工艺做法.     

论南朝宗炳《画山水序》对山水画审美的启示

六朝刘宋宗炳的《画山水序》,是一篇创作感悟山水画的心得,也是一篇认识自然,阐述艺术创作的方法论。其影响至今,在山水画创作形态中,仍不乏启示的意义。     

馆藏唐代彩绘人物俑颜料分析与修复保护

为确定深圳博物馆藏唐代彩绘人物俑颜料的矿物成分,利用X射线荧光能谱仪、X-射线衍射仪等对这批俑的颜料成分进行了分析,结果表明:红色颜料为铅丹、朱砂;黑色颜料为无定形碳黑;白色颜料为铅白和高岭土等.同时,将其与陕西省内相关地区的彩绘陶俑或壁画颜料进行了对比,得知其所使用的颜料与后者基本一致.在此基础上,针对这批人物俑的保存现状,遵循最小干预等文物保护的基本原则,对其实施了表面附着物清理、拼对、粘接、修复补全等保护修复技术措施,使其恢复了原有面貌,取得了较为理想的保护效果.     

略述中国古旧绢本书画的修复

中国具有两千多年历史的书画艺术,载体一般均为缎本、绫本、绢本和纸本,由于年代久远,绢、纸老化,以及人为和自然因素,疲破成为客观趋势,然而在书画艺术的继承和保护中,形成了中国书画修复装裱的特殊工艺技术。本工作通过探索、研究和实践,总结在中国古旧绢本书画修复中,对画芯的清洗、揭芯、补洞、托芯、全色接笔等五大工序和工艺技术操作的认识体会,通过两幅画和书法作品的修复前后的对比,说明五大工艺和工艺技术操作是成功的。通过总结使感性经验提升为科学理论,可更有效地指导古旧绢本书画的修复实践。     

Determining the Accuracy of Historical Landscape Paintings

Historical landscape paintings are widely used to reconstruct past environments. However, artists did not necessarily fully depict reality, many exercising license to relocate and remould features. This paper applies photogrammetric techniques to the problem of determining the accuracy of artistic depictions of landscapes. Four 19th century paintings of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia by different artists were used to test the methods. The artists varied in their accuracy, with Frankland, the surveyor, being the most accurate, and Glover, the romantic professional artist, being the least accurate. This variation suggests that the use of paintings for historical reconstructions and measurements of historic features should be preceded by an accuracy assessment.     

Maps,Painting and Lies Portraying Napoleon's Battlefields in Northern Italy

A comparison of Giuseppe Bagetti's landscape sketches, watercolours, oil paintings and engravings with contemporary maps and the existing landscape reveals that in the creation of Bagetti's landscapes, narrative played a role that differed in cartographic and artistic representations. The comparison also demonstrates that his images were powerful constructions that were more successful in reflecting a narrative of glorious conquest than was possible through cartography. This paper offers a critical examination of Bagetti's representations of Napoleon's northern Italian campaign, which he sketched and painted between 1802 and 1809. Bagetti's paintings were neither pacifist nor an expression of Piedmontese patriotism but instead were inspired by, and constructed according to, a narrative about the conquest that reflected the views of the French authorities. The narrative found expression in formal written instructions from the central cartographical office in the Dépôt de la guerre, Paris, in verbal and written instructions from Bagetti's immediate superior, Jean François Martinel, and in letters personally addressed to Bagetti from the officer commanding the Dépôt. It is clear from a careful reading of the correspondence and from a comparison of Bagetti's paintings with both the present landscape and maps made at the time that Bagetti's disputes with his supervisors revolved around protecting his artistic integrity and reputation rather than resisting the authority of a foreign regime.     

两宋宫廷书画储藏制度之变:以秘阁为核心的鉴藏机制研究

两宋宫廷储藏书画之主要机构为肇建于端拱元年(988年)之“秘阁”。学界目前对两宋秘阁之宫廷书画鉴藏机构鲜少涉及;然而在两宋历史的渐变进[1]程中,秘阁院址几经迁徙,其省舍建筑、规模设备、储藏库房、职事权限呈现阶段性之异动,凡此异动,微妙波及两宋宫廷书画创作机构之权力。审谛秘阁内部的发展变化,北宋初期的秘阁仅为书库,秘阁藏品搁置混乱;南宋秘阁以秘书省“经籍案”专掌藏品储藏管理,制订出一套科学管理方案及定期查验制度。南宋秘阁设备完善,功能亦由储藏至鉴藏,并进而取代、接掌了原归画院行使的六项职权,这指涉南宋秘府职事增多,被赋予之权限相对扩大,画师职事则反遭萎缩。以上变化有特定的历史背景暨赖以支撑之外在条件,承载并推动了两宋秘阁职制地位之流变。北宋初期秘阁地位低落,然而一入南宋,华阁飞升,秘书省于皇朝政治体系中岿然杰出。南宋秘阁仰载皇权,书画藏品开放对象转为朝中官僚集团,鉴藏制度吸纳入庞大的官僚机构运作体系。作为官制的一环,当皇权集中,政局稳定,或出于帝王强烈的赞助意愿,秘府权限向上攀升,秘阁收藏之规模力度亦随势攀升,于是秘阁有效率地发挥其外搜、内藏之双向功能。     

关于青花起源的思考

关于青花的起源,长期来一直有中国起源说和外来技术影响说两种意见。本文着重从低温釉陶生产技术源流和对青料的使用出发,论证了最早出现在巩县窑的唐青花瓷器,只是北魏以来低温釉陶生产技术在新条件下的新产物。认定唐青花的出现是外来绘画理论和绘画技术影响中国艺坛的结果。