民国时期地方税收权力的流失——以1939—1949年重庆营业税为中心的考察

抗战全面爆发以后,重庆由四川省辖市升级为院辖市,逐步建立起独立的地方财政税收制度。作为地方税收的大宗,营业税本是重庆市政府增加财政收入的重要途径,但是,重庆市营业税权力却遭到四川省政府、中央政府、重庆市商人团体和参议会的分割、侵蚀而流失。以营业税为主的地方税收权力大量流失,直接导致地方财政困乏,也是影响国家政权稳定的重要因素之一。     

上海市浦东新区土地利用与适度人口规模研究

上海市浦东新区的土地利用结构与人口分布在不同地域空间差异很大。本文通过与国内外人均建设用地及用地结构的比较,分析和探讨了中长期发展中,浦东新区合理的土地利用结构和人均建设用地。本文通过不同类型区建设用地总有效供给量与人均建设用地指标值之比,求出目标期内浦东新区不同类型区的适度人口规模,提出了高、中、低三个预期方案。文章结尾部分提出了在现状基础上,实现合理土地人口承载规模的建设用地结构及布局的调整和优化方案。     

基于高速公路货流数据的重庆市区县关联网络格局研究

流空间背景下的城市与区域网络研究是当前国内外城市地理学的研究前沿与热点领域。国外研究多采用信息流、航空流作为研究城市与区域网络的主要手段。探索符合我国经济社会发展阶段的城市与区域关联网络研究具有重要理论价值和现实意义。本文采用高速公路货流数据拟合重庆区县关联网络,运用社会网络分析软件(Ucinet)分析关联网络结构。研究表明:①传统的"一圈两翼"结构逐渐向"双核"结构演化,空间结构面临重组;②主城区的主要经济联系方向为渝西方向;③横向水平联系的分布具有指向性。     

基于游憩者感知的重庆都市区游憩空间品质评价

以重庆都市区城市游憩空间系统为例,将凯文·林奇的5类城市意象要素进行细分,并转换为地点场所-具体的游憩空间,以访谈与问卷相结合的调查方式,运用统计学的基本理论与方法以及SPSS软件,从印象程度、品质较好和品质较差这三个方面对游憩空间进行定量评价研究,制成城市游憩空间评价指数的象限分布图,以了解游憩者印象与游憩空间品质之间的相互关系,从而为重庆城市游憩空间的规划设计与建设提供有益的参考。     

基于区域经济差异视角的重庆市经济区划研究

本文在传统区域经济差异指标泰尔指数的基础上提出经济区划度的概念,对重庆市自直辖以来出台的不同经济区划方案进行评价;并运用GIS热点分析方法,探讨经济区划调整的可能性。研究结果表明：①历次政府区划方案中,“五大功能区”经济区划度远高于其余三种方案,但近年来经济区划度呈现出逐年下降趋势,并不稳定;②基于GIS热点分析得到三种初始区划方案中,方案I（“四圈+两翼”）的经济区划效果表现最佳,并显著优于“五大功能区”经济区划,且其效果呈现出逐年上升的趋势。③综合考虑政府规划决策、地形地貌、历史发展基础以及交通条件等方面因素,微调后的方案I的区划效果良好且更符合实际区划要求。研究对重庆及西部内陆地区的可持续发展具有一定科学指导意义。     

试论涪陵小田溪墓地的分期与时代

1972年以来,考古工作者在重庆涪陵小田溪发掘了9座墓葬。研究者尚未对其年代达成共识。通过分析墓葬形制和随葬器物,本文将这9座墓分为两组,第一组的年代为战国晚期,第二组的年代为秦汉之际。     

Writing in wartime China: Chongqing,Shanghai, and Southern Zhejiang

ABSTRACT

The outbreak of the full-scale Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) brought an end to the printing and publishing industry centered in Shanghai in the 1930s. Chongqing then emerged as a nerve center of information and opinion. Writers everywhere worked under wartime conditions of social dislocation, economic dependency, and political control. This article examines the writing and publishing of three notable pieces of work completed in wartime Chongqing, Shanghai, and southern Zhejiang, respectively. The article explores the context in which each work was written and then evaluates the broader significance of the texts with regard to a historical assessment of the Chinese intellectual experience during wartime.     

Airborne prawns and decayed rice: food politics in Wartime Chongqing

ABSTRACT

This article explores the multilayered dimensions of food politics in wartime Chongqing. A substantial number of wartime Chongqing dwellers were migrants who flocked to the city, having evacuated from coastal China to follow the Nationalists after the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War. They could not simply be called refugees. Rather, they were sophisticated urbanites known by Chongqing natives as “downriver folks” who brought their political awareness and cultural tastes to the new wartime capital. Some introduced their sumptuous dining culture to Chongqing, thereby provoking a public sense of deprivation, while others brought organizational skills with which to turn public discontent into a political issue. This article argues that an increasing sense of deprivation stemming from the deterioration of the food situation in the city, if seemingly less significant than massive rural famine, became more consequential in the long run than any other political issue in the subsequent Civil War years.     

抗战时期重庆马克思主义史家对古代社会史和思想史的研究

抗日战争进入相持阶段后,随着社会形势的变化,马克思主义史学形成了延安、重庆两个中心,因政治环境、革命任务、个人治学领域等诸多因素的作用,重庆马克思主义史学对古代社会史和思想史的研究显示出明显的偏重。重庆马克思主义史家对中国古代社会史的研究,体现出马克思主义史学上承社会史论战的发展轨迹,从这个意义上说,重庆马克思主义史学更多地体现出与此前中国史学发展的连续性和继承性,而重庆马克思主义史家对思想史的研究则直接缘于社会史研究的成果。     

The power of the “Stockpile”: American aid and China’s Wartime everyday

ABSTRACT

This article argues that American and British narratives about the existence of a “stockpile” of Chinese goods had a powerful impact on US-China relations, China’s war effort, and China’s wartime everyday. Focusing on both the material and discursive construction of the so-called stockpile in the early 1940s, the work seeks to deconstruct a powerful symbol that was long used by both British and American officials (particularly in the US War Department) to delegitimize the Nationalist government’s war effort against Japan. Drawing on sources collected at archives in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Taiwan, the article seeks to rethink many commonly held assumptions about American aid and to reveal the powerful influence that the symbolic presence of the stockpile had in shaping Sino-American relations in the wartime period and beyond.