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21.
Josefina Domínguez-Mujica Rosalia Avila-Tàpies 《Gender, place and culture : a journal of feminist geography》2013,20(7):896-913
Over the past 20 years, the theoretical frameworks of population mobility studies have undergone profound changes. The redefinition of the term diaspora, the rise of transnational analysis, the formulation of the embodied experiences of migration, the increasing interest in migrants' attachment to places, gendered expectations and transcultural processes have coalesced to enrich knowledge. This article explores the culturally mediated experiences of migration and the individual change processes among the members of the Japanese community that from the 1960s onwards settled in the city of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain), a meeting point for East and West in the Mid-Atlantic. In spite of its small size, this community displays some characteristics that afford new conceptual insights into cultural in-betweenness. Our aim is to contribute to the burgeoning literature on migrants' sense and ways of being and belonging and on their experience of return, within the analytical framework of diaspora and transnationalism. This article makes use of an interpretative approach, and contrasts relevant local news items and biographical interviews with Japanese residents with the narrative texts of three returnees. This contrapuntal focus reveals their ambivalent sense of belonging ‘here and there’, their in-betweenness or their lives in aidagara. 相似文献
22.
Gillian Carr 《International Journal of Heritage Studies》2013,19(2):174-193
This paper introduces the concept of the ‘memorialscape’ as a tool for studying the inter-relationship of memorials within a single rural or urban environment or landscape. Using a case study of the British Channel Islands, where the number of memorials relating to the German occupation of 1940–1945 has increased greatly since 1985 (the 40th anniversary of liberation), I examine the active role these memorials have played in changing the occupation narrative of the islands. This paper will also explore the importance of memorial marginality and centrality; memorial inter-visibility; the difference between the memorialscape of the capital towns of Guernsey and Jersey and the groups they commemorate; and the narrative that the resulting memorialscape produces. 相似文献
23.
RHYS RICHARDS 《Archaeology in Oceania》2011,46(3):139-140
ABSTRACT A beach at Nuatambu, near Choiseul, has produced hundreds of surface sherds of pottery including one which is probably of late Lapita origin. 相似文献
24.
ABSTRACT Based on archaeological data it is time to re‐evaluate the stratified chiefdom of the Leeward Society Islands. The model was constructed mainly on ethno‐historical/ethnological data and has been used extensively, and this social system has been projected back in time, sometimes maybe too far. The question that may be asked is: What happened during almost 1000 years of settlement in the Society Islands? Here we take as our starting point Irving Goldman's interpretation of social organization in the Society Islands, and argue for an earlier existence of either traditional chiefdoms and/or open chiefdoms in the Leeward Society Islands. New archaeological investigations of marae and habitations show that the stratified chiefdom in the Society Islands was a late development, and that the society went through several changes through time. Summary of the archaeological evidence on the evolution of a stratified chiefdom on Huahine The earliest ritual space on Huahine is possibly represented by an upright stone placed on the early Vaito'otia/Fa'ahia site, dated to around AD 1300. However, our 14C dates clearly shows that the first transformation period — when marae structures with ahu were first built on Huahine — began around AD 1450. On closer inspection all these dates are associated with medium‐sized marae structures, which probably represent family or lineage marae classes, of Wallin's type 4.1 (Wallin 1993:66), possibly expressing an ‘open chiefdom’. The large megalithic marae of Wallin's type 4.2 date between AD 1650 and 1750. These latter structures, closely connected to the war god 'Oro, were also associated with the development of a complex social stratification on island to inter‐island levels. Small marae also dated late and were tied to specified functions, probably the development of differentiation among the specialists in the society, or a rise in status for certain groups of priests, tahua's. This may indicate that craft specialisation became more visible and controlled during this time, which can be seen as another sign of the development of a stratified society. 相似文献
25.
JENNIFER G. KAHN 《Archaeology in Oceania》2010,45(2):103-110
ABSTRACT A new war cult dedicated to the god 'Oro emerged in late prehistory in the Society Islands and was linked to shifts in temple architecture, religious rituals, and sacred regalia. Legends suggest that this war cult developed in the Leeward Islands and was translocated to the Windward group prior to European contact. This article summarizes ethnohistoric data for the 'Oro war cult, including its relationship to new temple styles in the Windward group constructed from worked rounded stones. Such temples are found in both inland and coastal contexts. Extant chronological data on Windward marae of the 'Oro style are synthesized. A new spatio‐temporal case study of four 'Oro style temples from the 'Opunohu Valley, Mo'orea demonstrates considerable variability in temple morphology and chronology. This is linked to differences among socio‐political maneuverings of high status lineage chiefs versus lower status lineage chiefs in the 'Opunohu Valley and perhaps to functional variation among the types of 'Oro style marae structures found in inland contexts. The new chronology suggests a rapid translocation of the 'Oro style war cult into the Windward group, somewhat earlier than previous archaeological work had suggested. 相似文献
26.
Katrina Myrvang Brown 《Scottish Geographical Journal》2013,129(2):109-129
In Scotland, as elsewhere in Western Europe, many examples of historical common land have endured to the present day, but are under major pressure from the economic restructuring, socio-cultural recomposition and changing policy context that characterise contemporary rural change. For the crofting common grazings of Scotland, two particular challenges have arisen in the form of: (1) the growing difficulty of gaining sufficient livelihood contributions from traditional agriculturally-based activities; and (2) the increasing heterogeneity of rights-holders. This paper elaborates the findings of a recent survey, which sought to identify the main implications of these challenges for common grazings use and governance. An overall decline in levels of use of common grazings was identified, as well as decreasing involvement and investment in associated local institutions. This informs a discussion of the factors shaping the role of historical common land in contemporary rural spaces, an area neglected in the common property literature. 相似文献
27.
R. Common 《Scottish Geographical Journal》2013,129(3):160-162
The dominance of Mexico City over the remainder of the country appears to offer conclusive evidence that Mexico's space economy is characterised by core‐periphery relationships. Most measurable criteria indicate that the Yucatan peninsula is part of the periphery. Despite this, it is possible to argue that within the Yucatan peninsula* itself, the city of Merida acts as a core area and has been responsible for a considerable degree of autonomous economic growth, thus acting as a core within the periphery. 相似文献
28.
《Journal of Conflict Archaeology》2013,8(2-3):192-206
AbstractThis research focuses on the use of a new and experimental archaeological method. Using this new method, calculating the in situ strength of concrete became possible. By taking this method to Alderney, a once Nazi-occupied island, it was hoped that the secrets of a Nazi Megastructure would be uncovered; both exemplifying the dark history of this small island, while also establishing the value of the Schmidt rebound hammer for academic archaeology. 相似文献
29.
《The Journal of Pacific history》2012,47(1):38-53
ABSTRACTFor the eight years prior to the September 2014 election in Fiji, no data were available that could enable observers to gauge the extent of support for the Bainimarama government. During that period, a range of conflicting claims emerged about shifting political loyalties within Fiji, largely based on anecdotal evidence. This paper makes use of the micro-level September 2014 election results to enquire about rural/urban, ethnic, class and provincial bases of support for the major parties. It finds that backing for the main opposition party was concentrated in areas with small populations, high levels of out-migration and relatively low voter turnout. Conversely support for the incumbent government was strongest on the more densely populated main island of Viti Levu, particularly in the fastest growing western part of that island. 相似文献
30.
《The Journal of Pacific history》2012,47(1):54-60
ABSTRACTThe September 2014 general elections in Fiji resulted in a decisive victory for Prime Minister Bainimarama and his FijiFirst Party. It indicated a desire for stability on the part of the electorate as well as the popularity of measures such as ‘free’ education and the removal of affirmative action programmes for Indigenous Fijians. The Social Democratic Liberal Party garnered a significant portion of the Indigenous vote through appeals to ethnic identity, but will need to broaden its base in future to have any chance of forming a government. The high voter enrolment and participation reflects a hope for more accountability as well as transparency, in contrast to the arbitrariness of the previous eight years. New oversight institutions and a more expansive bill of rights in the constitution offer some ground for cautious optimism in the face of cynicism about the gap between the government's rhetoric and its actions. 相似文献