危机意识与日本的文化特性

日本民族是一个危机意识浓重的民族,这在他们的心理特征、思想观念以及日常生活的细节当中都有充分的体现。而日本人的这种浓重的危机意识使得他们在很多方面与众不同。可以毫不夸张地说,日本人被认为是世界上的怪异民族,日本的文化被称为异质文化,与他们的那种浓重的危机意识均不无关系。     

宁波航空港的区位优势及其可持续发展战略研究

文章在分析宁波航空港现状规模的基础上,首先对宁波空港的区位特征进行研究,然后论证了宁波空港经济腹地经济特征及经济地域结构,最后采用包括灰色系统理论在内的几种方式对其发展规模进行预测,并提出空港可持续发展的几点建议。     

四川摩崖造像岩石的工程物理特性

在自然力的影响下摩崖造像所产生的风化、剥蚀、开裂等种种病害,是与其岩石本体的理化性质有着密切关系.因此,进行摩崖造像保护工程的前期,做好对岩石的工程物理特性调研是非常必要的.为此,根据摩崖造像的分布,经代表性选点、取样并测试.结果表明,四川地区摩崖造像的岩石本体均为砂岩,存在明显软化现象,试验数据有明显的规律性,且各项指标间的相关性较好.其成果为今后保护工程的顺利开展奠定了初步基础.     

Residential segregation and inequality: Considering barriers to choice in Toronto

Segregation of visible minorities has persisted throughout time in Toronto. In examining these concentrations, the literature has been heavily focused on the notion that visible minorities are choosing to live in proximity to their respective ethno-racial groups and that these are spaces of aspiration rather than marginalization in Canada. This paper raises questions about the assertion of “self-segregation” by emphasizing affordability constraints on residential choices that are often rooted in discrimination in the labour market. Census data from 2016 and an adopted neighbourhood classification scheme were used to understand the spatial patterning of visible minorities in the Toronto census metropolitan area and highlight differences in the socio-economic characteristics of visible minority dominant and white dominant census tracts. The findings invite the inference that economic opportunities play a critical role in the residential choices of visible minorities and raise concerns about the quality of life in visible minority neighbourhoods. This research contributes to our understanding of how social inequalities have impacted the socio-spatial organization of the city of Toronto.     

基于网络大数据的城市内部便利性供需空间特征研究——以南京市中心城区为例

基于便利性的城镇发展战略对于新型城镇化转型具有重要意义。着眼于城镇居民生活质量的提升,围绕供需维度构建便利性测度体系,以多源网络大数据为支撑,分析南京市中心城区便利性的供需空间特征。结果表明,中心城区便利性供需关系多样,空间分布大体类似,倾向于多类聚合分布,并呈现较为明显的圈层集聚特征;主城便利性多供小于求,副城则以低供需平衡及供小于求为主,各公共活动中心便利性发育水平不一;中心城区整体便利性供需水平不高,其空间分布在数量及连续性方面均呈现低供需平衡、低供-中需以及中供-低需依次降低的模式。     

非洲港口城市分布特征及其港城规模关系比较

非洲港口城市是联结中非贸易网络的重要节点,承担了资源配置的重要功能。以城市地理学的角度,着眼于非洲港口城市发展现状。选取2015年集装箱吞吐量在5万TEU以上的34个非洲沿海港口城市为研究对象,对非洲主要港口城市的分布格局进行探讨。借助位序规模法则和相对集中指数（RCI）,对34个港口城市的体系分布特征,以及在不同尺度下的港城规模关系现状进行比较。研究认为：①非洲主要港口和城市体系满足位序规模特征,大洲尺度下主要港口体系较为合理,城市体系规模较为集中;②非洲大陆港口城市整体布局不完善,国家内部存在港口城市首位度过高的现象普遍;③部分港口城市港城规模脱节现象较为严重;④不同区域港口城市发展差异较大,表现为北非、南非港口体系较为发达,西非、中非港口规模落后于城市规模,东非港城规模较为均衡但缺少大区级港口。结合非洲港口城市发展特点,提出了中国企业开展对非港口投资的建议。     

Public financial support and firm-specific characteristics: evidence from Portugal

This paper analyses the underlying factors explaining a firm’s use of public financial support and possible misalignments between policy goals and the characteristics of firms holding a public grant. Using firm-level data for a sample of Portuguese manufacturing firms over the 2006–2013 period, we investigate how public financial support at the firm level is related to observable firm’s characteristics. Our findings suggest that firms lacking resources, capabilities and international involvement seem to be those with great barriers to use public financial support. Therefore, it cast doubts on the efficiency of public financial support programmes aiming to mitigate market failures, by assisting constrained firms. In turn, public financial support seems to boost market selection mechanisms by favouring ‘good’ firms and pushing less-endowed firms outside the market.     

The dejuvenation of the Italian population

Abstract

In recent decades, a process of structural reduction of the weight of new generations in overall population (dejuvenation) has been observed. In Italy, this process started in the 1970s and accelerated in the 1990s. We present here its main consequences for Italian society and economy. The number of Italian young people (aged 0–29) was reduced from 24.5 million in 1951 (51.6% of the population) to 17.5 million in 2016 (28.8%). What is more, many young Italians are becoming a wasted resource and a social cost, facing high rates of unemployment, long economic dependence on the family of origin, renunciation of full achievement of their life plans, distrust of institutions, low social and political participation, and increasing emigration flow. We analyze, using multivariate models, the data of the Rapporto Giovani survey held by the Toniolo Institute in 2015. Our main finding is that generational disadvantages not only hamper economic growth but, in a familistic context, also exacerbate social inequalities.     

浙南海外移民群体的形成原因及其特征

浙南地区移民海外历史悠久,已有二百多年历史。在二十世纪50年代前海外移民群体的形成主要得益于青田叶腊石矿的开发和青田石雕工艺品在海外的销售,改革开放后新移民群体的形成则是由于国家放宽出国审批手续、移出地自然和经济条件的影响、历史渊源和亲朋彼此相携传统的影响和发达国家对劳动力的需求增加所致。与老一代移民相比,新移民具有受教育程度高、观念新、年轻,且大多有一定的经济基础,适应能力强。从事的行业也从餐饮业逐步扩大到皮革业、服装业、装潢业、百货业及进出口贸易、房地产等行业。对侨居国尤其是侨乡经济社会的快速发展产生了重要影响。     

故宫学纲要

本文再次重申了故宫学的学术概念、研究对象和范围,阐述了故宫学提出的基础、机遇及其学术发展的目的和意义,梳理了在故宫学以往的研究史上的方法论,指出故宫博物院的使命和故宫学的研究特点,以及本院在当前学术发展中的主要举措,展望了其学科建设和学术发展前景。最后强调,两岸故宫博物院的交流合作对于故宫学建设具有积极意义。