战争期间日本妇女运动家市川房枝的政治转向

市川房枝是日本近代著名的妇女解放思想家,妇女运动的领导者,在战前和战后致力于日本妇女解放运动,但是曾因战争期间参加法西斯军国主义的战时体制,战后一度被解除公职,本文探讨的是1937年日本发动全面侵华战争时市川房枝的政治转向,即由争取妇女参政权运动转到为战时体制服务,在翼赞体制下号召和组织妇女支持侵略战争,并试图通过市川房枝为代表的妇女运动的转向,探求其转向的深层根源。     

1930年代中国农村合作运动讨论中的“商资归农”问题——以《大公报》社评及其所刊文章为素材的一个考察

20世纪30年代,随着中国农村复兴运动的高涨,农村合作实践中出现大量商资归农现象,并由此推动中国农村合作运动进入“极盛时期”或“农业合作社数量猛进和性质有所变更时期”。这一现象不仅为中国合作运动史上之新鲜事物。亦为“中国独有之现象”,故在社会各界特别是知识界引发了一场关于“商资流入农村问题”或商资归农利弊关系的讨论。而当时重要的新闻媒体天津《大公报》或发表社论及报道或刊发有关人士对这一问题的评论文章,积极参与了这一理论与实践问题的探讨。其讨论的目的在于为中国农村合作事业寻找一条可行之路,并以此复兴农村、振兴民族。不过,由于这场讨论本身是“社会失序时期”理论界的一种反映,所以有时人曾讥讽其为“合作者不合作”。     

Physik und Politik in der frühen Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Max Born,Werner Heisenberg und Pascual Jordan als politische Grenzgänger

Physics and Politics in the Early Federal Republic of Germany. Max Born, Werner Heisenberg and Pascual Jordan between Scientific and Political Discourse. – Contrasting the historiography of two major developments in 20th century German history, the creation of quantum mechanics in 1925 and the dispute on the nuclear armament of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1957, the question is raised to which extent the scientific culture was able to bridge political disagreement within the German physicists' community. A twofold story of the private and public exchange between Max Born, Werner Heisenberg and Pascual Jordan among others on the scientists' position to nuclear armament on the one hand and the writing of the history of quantum mechanics on the other hand displays different types of relating scientific work and moral responsibility. Neither politics nor science went on unaltered after the disputes between physics and politics in the early Federal Republic of Germany.     

Nakomaha: a Counter‐Colonial Life and its Contexts. Anthropological Approaches to Biography

ABSTRACT In the anthropology of Melanesia, local life‐histories or biographies have all too often been presented in a non‐problematic, acritical manner. Instead of repeating this hide‐bound style in an unthinking manner, I attempt to be more ethnographically sensitive to local realities and to open up the genre by presenting information about a ni‐Vanuatu leader in a deliberately achronic style. By providing relevant data in terms of their sources, I put up front the biases and blindspots of each source, to enable easier assessment of their worth and to forestall premature closure. In the process I examine the conflictive dialogue between locals and expatriate officials in Vanuatu between the 1940s and 1960s. The final aim is that the open‐ended approach adopted here makes the resulting text more accessible to indigenous readers, who might wish to produce their own version of the subject's life‐history. Writing this kind of biography can thus be viewed as a further attempt towards decolonizing the anthropology of former colonial states.     

“陈果仁案”与亚美民权运动

为深入研究1982年“陈果仁案”给亚裔民权斗争提供的借鉴和警示,通过对“陈果仁案”的剖析,对华人和亚裔群体努力为陈果仁争取司法公正的行动及其影响进行了阐述和探讨。底特律司法部门对此案凶手的轻判,促使底特律和全美的华人及其他亚裔群体,以美国公民伸张正义联合会为领导中心,掀起了为陈果仁争取司法公正的抗议和声援运动。“陈果仁案”是一起典型的反亚裔暴力案件,它在亚美民权运动进程中具有十分重要的意义。     

实处与窄处:民族复兴运动时论中的新生活运动

国民政府初期的民族复兴运动本起于民间,是"思潮"的一种强化说法,但这种社会意识氛围,正好为取得执政地位不久的国民党当局所运用。蒋介石亲自发起新生活运动,使时人发生民族复兴运动可落到实处的想象,但其提倡的礼义廉耻、服从命令、国民生活军事化所包含的特定政治意图,暴露出严重排他性和狭隘性,"实处"沦为"窄处",效果难彰,变成"纸上的运动"。这可能是常态建设"运动"化、社会运动"政治化"很难避免的结局。     

Anschluss: The Chamberlain Government and the First Test of Appeasement,February–March 1938

The union of Austria and Germany in March 1938 - the Anschluss - forced by Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany with the acquiescence of Italy was the first test of the appeasement strategy of the Neville Chamberlain government. Austro-German Anschluss did not occur unexpectedly: after Habsburg collapse in 1918, it had been desired by pan-Germans in Austria and Germany but denied by the Paris Peace Settlement; its possibility arose a couple of times in the early 1930s; and by 1937, the majority of Austrians seemed willing to unite with their Nazi neighbour. Even before Chamberlain became Premier in May 1937 and changed the strategic basis of British foreign policy, the Foreign Office and other ministries wrestled over whether to thwart Anschluss and, until 1937, worked to keep the two German-speaking Powers apart. After Chamberlain took power, the willingness to oppose abated as Hitler's pan-German solution spoke to both national self-determination and Austrian ambivalence about independence. Chamberlain's government submitted expecting that they might use the absorption of Austria as a means to divide Nazi Germany from Fascist Italy. ‘Good relations’ with the dictators existed as a cardinal element of Chamberlain's brand of appeasement.     

从业主维权刍议中国城市社区管治重构

透过频繁发生的城市社区业主维权现象,从城市社会学的社区管治理论视角分析在房地产"后开发阶段"业主维权之特征和动因,探讨在快速城市化背景下,房地产开发中各种利益群体空间冲突的内在机制和缓解冲突的途径。研究表明,在转型期,城市社区业主维权特征表现出新的特征;业主维权是宏观社会背景、行业性质、市场机制和政府角色等因素共同作用的结果。随着业主民主权利意识的逐渐增强,市民社会在城市中产阶级社区中逐渐成为一股社区管治的重要力量,这将为基于社会公平和空间公正的社区基层自治模式的建立打下了良好的基础,政府与开发商应重视市民社会在房地产"后开发阶段"的角色。最后,文章提出维护城市社区的业主利益、推动和谐社区建设的根本在于社区治理中空间权力体系的重构。     

西周楚国初封及南迁原因解

楚国初封地,向以为在河南淅川。然考之于周初事迹,此地与周公奔楚不甚合。据一些学者的指认,在浙川西北的商县一带确有叫荆山或楚山的地方,或为楚族最初的聚居地,周公的奔楚、封楚,与楚国最后的南迁,似存在一条暗线,或许能得到认识楚初封地望及南迁原由的新视野。