Geographies of family formations: spatial differences and gender cultures in Britain

The significance of national differences in family formations has been addressed through the social policy debate over women's position in different welfare state regimes. However, the nature and effects of sub–national family geographies remains under–researched. In this paper we use census mapping to describe regional and local differences in partnering and parenting within Britain. We develop an index of the 'Motherhood Employment Effect' to indicate different geographical levels of adherence to the 'traditional' male breadwinner/female homemaker family, and use a 'Family Conventionality' index to describe geographical differences in the social evaluation of marriage. The geography of family formations thus described does not follow the better known 'north–south' or 'urban–rural' geographies of economic performance and prosperity. We use the example of Lancashire and Yorkshire to explore further the socio–economic associations of this family geography, employing additional indicators of 'household conventionality' and 'family restructuring'. Finally, we speculate as to how this relatively unfamiliar family geography may be related to the existence of regional gender cultures, and briefly outline some implications for social policy.     

河南新密市古城寨龙山文化城址发掘简报

古城寨遗址位于河南省新密市与新郑市交界处 ,在新密市东南 35公里的曲梁乡大樊庄村古城寨村民组周围。遗址规模宏大 ,城墙高大 ,气势雄伟。城内地面高于溱水河床 1 0米 ,高于周围地面 2米～ 5米。 (图一 ;彩版二 ,1 )原据密县地方志认为古城寨城址是西周郐国都城 ,故定为郐国故城 ,1 988年被河南省人民政府公布为河南省文物保护单位。通过近年的钻探调查与试掘 ,被确认为龙山文化城址后 ,于 2 0 0 1年 5月又被国务院公布为第三批全国重点文物保护单位。 1 997年夏季 ,河南省文物考古研究所在新密市炎黄历史文化研究会和新密市文物保管所的…     

Culture <Emphasis Type="Italic">Versus</Emphasis> Civilisation la Genèse D’une Opposition

Closely linked to the concept of history, the notion of culture becomes a collective singular during the last third of the xviii ^th century. The German idea of culture did not immediately come into opposition with the notion of civilization and both terms were for a long time almost identical in meaning. What does the polemical orientation of the German notion of culture reveal from 1880–1890? First, the crumbling of the idealistic neo-kantian pattern of self-determined cultivated person as an end in itself (the so-called Selbstbildung); second, the growing moral condemnation of the empty spirit of the time. This double process reaches its apogee full of hatred during World War I.     

'Giant Strides' in Documentaries, 'Ascents' in Archaeology: Nautical Archaeology's Relationship with and Place within Popular Culture

This article covers 30 years of the representation of nautical archaeology on television. It criticises and positions current research, then develops an objective methodology for examining television documentaries. The relationships and similarities between television documentaries and academia and the wider professional and amateur discipline is debated. Original research, which argues for a structure that is ever-present in nautical archaeology as in popular culture and academia, is deconstructed, and the implications reviewed. A sequence of images is defined and it is demonstrated that this forms a 'unique selling-point' used by both television and the academic discipline.
© 2008 The Author     

Cultural Imperialism and Heritage Politics in the Event of Armed Conflict: Prospects for an ‘Activist Archaeology’

The production of archaeological knowledge is embedded in a long-standing tradition of colonial encounters. This paper asks how political-economic interests impinge on archaeological work, specifically in the event of armed conflict. To answer this question I discuss commodification of cultural heritage and analyze it as a form of structural violence. I argue that the attitude that allows treatment of archaeological artifacts as saleable items with international owners is part of a strategy of global cultural imperialism. Exemplified by the case of the US-led invasion of Iraq in 2003, this paper shows how the clash of global ‘heritage’ politics with local practices of memorializing the past results in a tension: because capitalist governments consider the locales whose glorious pasts are studied by archaeologists to be culturally inferior, the nexus between (trans-)national actors and local communities is an asymmetrical one. In order to overcome the hegemonic role of archaeology within these dynamics, I propose an ‘activist archaeology’ that enables a political activism grounded in recursivity.     

Turbulent Lives: Exploring the Cultural Meaning of Regional Youth Migration

Migration is an important part of the lives of many young adults. In numerous areas around the world, and particularly in regional and remote areas, cultures have emerged where the migration of young adults is normalised and expected. While the impact of the migration of young adults on the areas they have left and have moved to has received considerable attention in both political and academic arenas, there is a need for more research that addresses the cultural meaning of migration and the importance of the migration process for young people themselves. The paper is based on two large research projects undertaken between 2000 and 2005, which focused on the experiences of migration of young adults in Tasmania, and includes data sourced from interviews and focus groups with young migrants as well as an analysis of media and policy documents. We discuss the ‘turbulent lives’ of young people in Tasmania, including the expectations and aspirations of young adults growing up in a culture in which migration is normalised and their experiences of leaving, and returning to, their childhood homes. These issues are considered in the context of recent theoretical debates surrounding the impact of mobility and attachment to place on the identities of migrants.     

山东济阳刘台子西周墓的史前遗玉

山东济阳刘台子西周六号墓出土一件玉鹰虎饰,与同墓的玉雕风格迥异,却与龙山-石家河化玉雕风格一致。从玉雕工艺及化交流方面考证此件玉鹰虎饰为史前遗玉。     

男性智慧的戏剧性运用——变羊惩妒妇故事的跨文化误读

变羊故事发端于汉译佛经故事。羊崇拜中的化观念是复杂多样的,其与方术、鬼灵仙怪等传统化多种分支纠葛难分。母题利用变羊信仰教训妒妇,故事主流倾向被注入了男性强势化导向。而故事前半部分暗示的男性性放荡,则被轻轻掩盖了。     

吴县郭新河遗址发掘简报

郭新河遗址主体为崧泽文化土台,由人工堆筑而成,用于埋葬死者,土台中心部位墓主身份较高,四周墓主身份较低。     

凌家滩文化应是“三皇”时代的有巢氏文化

安徽巢湖地区凌家滩化的遗址和遗物,在一定程度上反映了‘‘袭庖牺之号’’的有巢氏化概况。