七角井:三个人的千年古镇

地处荒漠之中的七角井古称七个井子,是汉唐时期的重镇。到了清末,这儿储量丰富的盐开始供应西域,1962年,兵团农五师、农六师、建工师、兵团哈密管理局、哈密专区纷纷来到这里开发盐,形成了几个盐场,古老的七角井焕发了生机。20世纪80年代,这儿人口最多时竟有五六千人。1984年成立七角井镇,1993年撤乡并镇,在五六十年代绘制的新疆地图上,可以看出它所处地理位置的重要性,当时兰新公路沿新疆的东大门哈密下行至七角井,由此分为两路,一路至木垒,一路至吐鲁番,由此进入南北疆。1978年,国道312线避开七角井改道南移,1996年,这里的住户陆续迁至距哈密20千米的七角井镇开发区,这个往昔的重镇彻底的完成了它的历史使命,一步步走向荒芜,演变成了只有3个人的古镇。     

Roads in Shannan in My Eyes——An Interview With Shannan Highway Bureau Director Li Zhanying

He is a Tibetan who, however,speaks perfect Chinese. On his name card, the he uses a Chinese name: Li Zhanying.     

Stories About Highways in Tibet （Ⅳ）

Tibet‘s First International Highway The China-Nepal Highway is Tibet‘s only international highway. It extends 1,036 krn from Lhasa to Kathmandu, capital of Nepal. The Tibetan section extends 827 km. Construction of the highway lasted 10 years. Between March 1951 and October 20, 1955, the Lhasa-Xigaze Highway was constructed, bringing to an end a history of the Xigaze region possessing no proper roads. In 1955 the 90-km Xigaze-Gyangze section was constructed, being opened to traffic in October 1955. In 1956, the Lhasa-Yadong Highway was constructed, extending 547 km. In 1958, the Xigaze-Tingri Highway was completed, followed in 1960 by the Lhasa-Burang Highway.     

Highway Bureau Director on Highway Construction

The Qinghai-Tibet Highway experienced four renovations in the past 40 years and has now been asphalted. For the fourth renovation, some 1.17 billion Yuan was consumed. It is now a modern highway. Extending 2,100 km from Xining of Qinghai to Lhasa of Tibet, it became 1,937 km after re-working. It goes 1,400 km in Qinghai.The Xining-Golmud section crossed many mountains and many rivers,extending 782 km. The Golmud-Lhasa section crosses four mountains—Kunlun Mountains (4,700 meters), Fenghuoshan Mountain (4,800 meters),Tanggula Mountain (5,150 meters above sea level at the mouth) and Nyainqentanggula Mountain, and crossed three rivers---Tongtianhe River, Tutu River and Curmar River with an average elevation of 4,500 meters. The Highway extends 544 km in Tibet. More than 80 percent of goods were transported through the highway.     

Stories About Highways in Tibet （Ⅱ）

During the period from 1950 toearly in 1951,Chairman Mao Zedong sent a cable to Peng Dehuai, saying:“it is said that the road extending from Qinghai to Tibet is smooth and good”. On December 9, 1950, the PLA Southwest Military Area sent cable to the Central Military Commission: “It is easier to build highways from Yushu to Lhasa by way of Naqu and Qamdo than from Qamdo to Lhasa by way of the 39-Tribe and Taizhao,     

西藏：路的故事——西藏公路修筑史话（续二）

自1954年12月康藏、青藏公路通车以后,西藏又开始了新的公路建设,先后修筑了新疆叶城到阿里的新藏公路,拉萨到亚东的拉亚公路,拉萨到泽当的拉泽公路,日喀则到定日的日定公路和黑河到昌都的黑昌公路。当然,这些公路和现在的路不能同日而语,大都只是能粗通汽车的沙石路,但是,它们是西藏现代交通的雏形,为西藏现代公路的发展奠定了很好的基础。到了1959年西藏民主改革以前,     

有关“功迈五丁”摩崖史话

初春,驱车去图云关森林公园游览,驶过羽高桥,上行约百米,公路两侧民房尽处、视野略开扩。公路左面长坡岭石崖上,摩崖“功迈五丁”四个大字即映人眼际。这就是2003年9月贵阳市人民政府列入市级文物保护单位的一处摩崖。     

背夫与大峡谷

在成大峡谷地区,背夫并非一份专门职业。追溯大峡谷背夫的源头,一是在旧西藏为完差役而无偿为三大领主权贵背运物资的“差巴”,二是往来藏区与印度经墨脱地区的商道需要大量当地人力。以头额和两肘为支撑,以一根长长的布带捆负起半人高的竹背兜,即是彼时背夫的普遍形象。背夫大量涌现是在西藏自治区和平解放后,派镇得地利之便而成为大批社会物资运往墨脱县的转运站。2000年,围绕重建因洪水冲毁的解放大桥而发生的历史上规模最大的一次物资转动“战役”中,被政府征用的背夫更是达数千人。直到扎墨公路（波密至墨脱）公路开通,这种对背夫倚重的程度才有所减轻。进入旅游大开发时代以来,大量科学考察队,观光客和探险者徒步的涌入,也使大峡谷背夫发生了显著的变化,随着观光和探险的升级。他们的身份也将由背夫转变为“向导”、“协作”。但无论名称怎样变化,他们与大峡谷的山和水唇齿相依的生存关系不会变。     

东方向西向西

在尘埃落定专事绘画之前,人们印象中东方的一项主要事迹,是他以拉萨为终点、从深圳骑摩托车一路游历而去的率意之行。其过程中,尚有近半年在四川甘孜康巴藏族地区的无目的生活。     

辉煌的西藏交通十三年

1990年7月江泽民总书记亲临西藏视察;1994年7月中央召开第三次西藏工作座谈会,明确了新时期西藏工作指导方针,做出全国支援西藏等重大决策;2001年6月,中央召开第四次西藏工作座谈会,指出通过国家和全国各地的支持,集中力量推动西藏经济的跨越式发展,使西藏干部群众受到极大的鼓舞和振奋。