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ABSTRACT This paper analyzes a two‐region model including multiple industries with different transport costs. Two results are derived. First, dispersion occurs for small transport costs, but the specific dispersion patterns depend on the level of urban costs. This results from an interaction of the market‐access effect on consumers, the market‐access effect on firms, the competition effect, and the urban‐cost effect. Second, decreasing transport cost tends to let industries with lower transport costs disperse, although the shares of industries locating in the larger region are not in order of their transport costs. We further provide some empirical data concerning the second result. 相似文献
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This work proposes a framework for the physics-based simulation and high-fidelity visualization of fire following earthquake (FFE) considering building seismic damage. The seismic damage of regional buildings is simulated using multiple degree-of-freedom building models in conjunction with nonlinear time-history analysis. In parallel, a high-fidelity visualization is presented to simulate fire spread and smoke effects. A case study of downtown Taiyuan with 44,152 buildings is performed. The results show that the influence of different ground motions and building seismic resistances on fire ignition and fire spread can be taken into account and that the FFE scene can be displayed realistically. 相似文献
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This paper provides a high‐level review of different approaches for spatial interpolation using areal features. It groups these into those that use ancillary data to constrain or guide the interpolation (dasymetric, statistical, street‐weighted, and point‐based), and those do not but instead develop and refine allocation procedures (area to point, pycnophylactic, and areal weighting). Each approach is illustrated by being applied to the same case study. The analysis is extended to examine the opportunities arising from the many new forms of spatial data that are generated by everyday activities such as social media, check‐ins, websites offering services, microblogging sites, and social sensing, as well as intentional VGI activities, both supported by ubiquitous web‐ and GPS‐enabled technologies. Here, data of residential properties from a commercial website was used as ancillary data. Overall, the interpolations using many of the new forms of data perform as well as traditional, formal data, highlighting the analytical opportunities as ancillary information for spatial interpolation, and for supporting spatial analysis more generally. However, the case study also highlighted the need to consider the completeness and representativeness of such data. The R code used to generate the data, to develop the analysis and to create the tables and figures is provided. 相似文献
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The economic importance and strategic significance of Australia's relationship with China means that bilateral ties have become a major focus of attention in the scholarly and policymaking communities in Australia. Understandably enough perhaps, less attention has been given to the way the relationship is understood in China. This article addresses this absence in the literature by providing an overview of some of the more important contributions to the discussion in China. The most important point that emerges from such an analysis is that there is an ‘asymmetry of interest’ in the two countries, with Australia occupying a far less prominent place in Chinese policy discussions than China does in Australia. Equally noteworthy is the fact that the study of Sino-Australian relations in China is characterised by a greater variety of perspectives than it is in Australia. Appreciating this diversity is an essential part of developing a more accurate understanding of the policymaking milieu in China. 相似文献
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<剿共随军日记>是一本历史当事人的记述.它虽有强烈的"反共"宣传性,但也记录了国共两党、两军不少"历史真实",如"剿共"粤军与国民党"中央军"的矛盾关系、共产党和红军的组织与军纪优于国民党和"剿共"粤军、"剿共"各军的宣传工作不如红军、"剿共"粤军的募夫制弊端丛生,等等.对待历史当事人的记述,应依据其记述历史的立场、动机和方法,采取冷静、清醒、理性的科学分析态度. 相似文献
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五四运动掀起了中国民族主义的热潮,各地的大中学生都汇入到这一运动中.本文以五四运动中的上海圣约翰大学学生运动为个案,考察学生与校方的冲突与互动调适,以及教会学校学生民族意识的觉醒历程. 相似文献
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人工神经网络：一种新的旅游市场需求预测系统 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本探究了人工神经网络(ANN)作为一种新型的预测系统在旅游市场需求研究中的重要性,并指出：在对旅游需求进行预测时,人工神经网络较之多元回归分析方法适用范围更广,显性更强。 相似文献
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《考工记》所言古之一辕车车舆形制,自汉至清研究者众,言者合此即失彼,合彼又失此。清江永由轼、较之制而明车舆形制,提出前低后高如纱帽形之说,破千载之积谬。郑珍通过审慎推理,细加甄别,会诸经传而取验实事,在江说的基础上,进一步提出轼前两輢外三面皆有栏高三尺的观点。现代考古发掘与田野发现,基本可印证郑说之确。 相似文献
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宋元之际罗履泰序、署名彭镜溪集注的《须溪批点杜工部诗注》以蔡梦弼《杜工部草堂诗笺》为底本进行删削,补入刘辰翁批点,被高崇兰编、署名刘辰翁批点的《集千家注批点杜工部诗集》扬弃。高本以蔡梦弼本为底本形成初稿,然后引入黄希、黄鹤《补千家注纪年杜工部诗史》为参考本形成定稿,大量误读"梦弼曰"注文。署名徐居仁编次、黄鹤补注的《集千家注分类杜工部诗》受高本启发,径以《补千家注纪年杜工部诗史》为底本(篇目编次框架用《门类诗》),同时参考蔡梦弼本。徐本对底本、参考本先后主次关系的选择恰与高本相反,故能纠正高本对"梦弼曰"注文的误读。高本是宋元之际"集注批点杜集"的枢纽,上承罗本,下启徐本。总的看来,罗本初创而失之粗略,高本化用《补千家注纪年杜工部诗史》系年为篇目编次颇具用心,徐本辨识注文最为准确。结合高本编次与徐本注文,可以形成宋元"集注批点杜集"最佳新本。 相似文献
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本通过查阅献资料、史实、图片、物及考古以及实地考察,追溯满族在女真人时期(清朝建立前)服饰所发生的变化,探寻满族服饰演变和发展的轨迹。 相似文献