元朝北疆范围研究

关于元朝的北疆范围，国内最盛行的说法是达到了北纬70多度的北冰洋海岸。此外，国内外还有到达了北纬60度一线、北纬56度一线等多种看法。本文通过历史文献考察，古代舆图与现代地图的勘合分辨，用现代科学解析计算历史上科学观测所得的数据和文献记载的疆域数据，并结合民族、历史、地理、考古、语言等情况及政治学原理，研究出元朝北疆大致到达了北纬60度一线，即今俄罗斯西伯利亚南部，个别地方达到了北纬63度，即今贝加尔湖以北。海南岛南端和贝加尔湖北端刚好在同一条经线上，这是元朝疆域南北跨度最大之处。     

南京堂子街太平天国山水画考辨

南京堂子街太平天国壁画中有四幅重要的山水画已经相关专家考释并命名。但根据壁画内容及对画中地点的考证,现有命名方式的合理性遭到质疑。对金陵图咏进行脉络梳理之后可发现这四幅山水画的原形应为清乾隆至同治间《金陵四十八景》中的四幅。太平天国壁画历来有为政治、军事服务的传统,故军事因素应是对金陵四十八景中四景的选取原则。     

嘉道年間江南的漕弊

嘉道年間的漕務是與積弊聯繫在一起的,作爲一種常態而存在的漕弊,本身即是制度的組成部分。在財政層面,漕弊主要表現爲旗丁幫費問題、大小户問題、漕糧的浮收勒折與虧空問題。嘉道年間的江南,一方面是倉漕衛所規費、旗丁幫費、官紳漕規、州縣浮收逐年遞增,而另一方面,捏災、短漕、虧空也隨之愈演愈烈,這導致了漕糧河運制度在道咸之交的崩潰。本文認爲:從財政結構的角度來看,所謂漕弊是各種"浮費"代表的額外財政對於額定財政的空前侵蝕。     

Calibration and Test of a Discrete Choice Model with Endogenous Choice Sets

Conventional discrete choice models assume implicitly that the choice set is independent of the decisionmaker's preferences conditional on the explanatory variables of the models. This assumption is implausible in many choice situations where the decisionmaker selects his or her choice set. This paper estimates and tests a discrete choice model with endogenous choice sets based on Horowitz' theoretical work. To calibrate the model, a new probability simulator is introduced and a sequential estimation procedure is developed. The model and calibration methods are tested in an empirical application as well as Monte Carlo simulations. The empirical results are used to test the theory of endogenous choice sets and to examine the differences between the new model and a conventional choice model in parameter estimates and predicted choice probabilities. The empirical results strongly suggest that ignoring the endogeneity of choice sets in choice modeling can have serious consequences in applications.     

中国古代蛇纹石玉的白化机制研究述要

蛇纹石玉是中国传统玉文化的重要物质载体,与透闪石-阳起石玉相似,许多出土蛇纹石玉呈现部分白化和全器白化现象,其时代贯穿史前至近代,地域跨越中国全境,因而其成因颇受关注。本工作借助考古学、矿物学和材料学等相关研究成果,从人为火烧成因和自然受沁成因两方面对白化的性状特征和形成机制进行细致梳理和探讨,以期探明蛇纹石玉火烧变白过程的热力学机制,探讨自然受沁成因的内在白化机制。藉此有助于判断和揭示白化玉器背后的人类行为和自然行为,有益于白化蛇纹石玉器的科学保护。     

(Un)related variety,urban milieu and tourism-company differentiation

High tourism growth in single-asset tourism cities is often associated with a standardization of supply of products and services by tourism entrepreneurs. However, and in contrast to this common-sense view, tourism growth in specific urban tourism milieus in the ‘sun-sea-sand’ tourism city of Antalya has stimulated tourism entrepreneurs to differentiate their products. Contrary to most economic-geography literature on spatial clusters, evolutionary economic geographers argue that inter-industry relations of (un)related variety are crucial in inter-firm differentiation. The aim of the paper is to define the factors that influence tourism-firm differentiation in the single-asset tourism city of Antalya. The empirical research is theoretically informed by evolutionary economic-geography literature, and pays much attention to the role different urban sub-milieus play in tourism-firm differentiation. It is the first research on the relation between (un)related variety and tourism-firm differentiation in tourism studies. The empirical research is based on primary data collected by a firm-level survey (hotels, restaurants, jewellery- and retail-trade firms) in the city of Antalya. The factors that influence tourism-firm differentiation are explored by using quantitative methods of analysis (an econometric logit-regression model and a correspondence analysis). The main result of the empirical research is that investments in firms in related sectors, in our case jewellery companies and hotels, are positively and significantly related to tourism-firm differentiation. In addition, the location tourism firms in areas visited by a mix of consumers (tourists and locals) also is positively and significantly related to inter-firm differentiation whereas urban milieus visited by locals only have a negative effect.     

浅析转型期村镇空间感应特点——以江苏省吴县东山为例

行为空间的研究是行为地理学的核心问题,[1]而空间感应是行为空间的基础。在改革开放的年代,由于中国人的思想观念和心理处于变化之中,所以对空间的感应也处于明显的变化之中。在此时期把握人们行为空间感应变化的脉络,对了解区域经济由计划休制向市场体制过渡的过程中,空间感应如何影响人们空间行为具有特殊的学术价值。本文以江苏吴县东山的实地调查为依据,试图通过个案的分析,揭示在转型期中国基层社会人们的空间感应的特点。     

黑龙江省凤林古城出土铁器的实验研究

本文通过对黑龙江省友谊县凤林古城出土铁器进行了金相组织观察和夹杂物成分分析,认为该遗址出土的铁器材质为生铁系制钢产品,采用了铸造、退火、炒钢、淬火等工艺,本文为深入研究魏晋时期东北亚地区钢铁技术提供新的科学材料。     

江苏省东海县博物馆藏青铜器的修复保护

为对江苏省东海县博物馆馆藏青铜器进行修复保护,在研究其现状的基础上进行了修复方案的制定和修复保护处理。由于经费、人员及时间的极大限制,除使用常规修复保护方法外,修复保护过程中也尝试使用一些新的材料和方法,以便提高修复的效率并达到较好的展览效果。在修复保护工作完成之后的4年时间,器物保存于东海县博物馆,通过对器物进行跟踪观察,未发现器物出现进一步的劣化,修复保护的效果良好,能够满足现代修复理念对于修复的要求。     

石湾瓷塑脊饰制作工艺初探

为探讨石湾瓷塑脊饰制作工艺,利用微型手持数码显微镜、微聚焦能量色散X射线荧光光谱仪、X射线衍射仪等,对石湾瓷塑脊饰标本进行了系统的分析测试。结果表明,瓦脊标本的胎料普遍具有高铝低硅的特征,胎中铁含量较高;从釉料配方来说属于高温的钙系釉,瓷釉中均添加了草木灰作为助熔剂,并且有加锌的传统。从清代中后期开始烧制温度可达1100℃以上,而到了民国时期烧制温度更高达1200℃。分析结果对于探讨石湾瓷塑脊饰的制作工艺有重要的参考价值。