Evgeniia/Evgenii: Queer Case Histories in the First Years of Soviet Power

Citing examples of ‘queer’ (gender- and sexually-transgressive) behaviour taken from psychiatric, criminological and forensic literature, the essay explores the formation of Soviet Russian masculinities and femininities during the two decades following 1917. After surveying the legal tradition regarding same-sex eroticism, it discusses expert views of the ‘mannish lesbian’ and the effeminate male homosexual. Compulsory heterosexuality was a central, unproblematized tool used in the construction of a revolutionary socialist respectability during the 1920s. During the Stalinist Five Year Plans of the 1930s, the male ‘homosexual’ was explicitly outlawed while family obligations became more difficult for women to avoid.     

对敦煌本《老子道德经》及其注疏本的一点新认识

以往对敦煌本《老子道德经》诸方面的研究，多从道教入手，本文从《老子》自675年起，直至796年中，绝大多数时间里是作为进士、明经两科必修必考的内容，它是作为一种“官方指定必考书”而被唐代的人们应用，因而提供了从政治制度、社会时风的角度去考虑敦煌本《老子道德经》及其注疏本存留较多的事实。     

The Maronite Leadership’s Approach toward Syria, 1970–2011: Between Integration,Separation, and Pragmatism

The Maronite–Syria relationship is troublesome, and one can say that the two sides are diametrical opposites. The Maronites, in general, represent the aspiration for an independent Lebanon, while Syria considers Lebanon a part of “Greater Syria” and aspires to annex the Lebanese territories. The Maronite community has consistently resisted these aspirations. However, the Maronite community is not a coherent one, which is reflected in its approach toward Syria. In fact, the Maronite leadership has adopted three different approaches toward Syria: an integrative one that aspires to full cooperation with Syria; a separatist one that strongly considers Lebanon and Syria to be separate states; and a pragmatist one that adheres to intimate or unfriendly ties according to local Lebanese interests. This article introduces the three Maronite approaches and claims that one cannot disassociate these approaches, especially the pragmatist one, from the Syrian policy toward Lebanon, which includes changing alliances according to Syria’s political interests. Moreover, the article suggests that these approaches will remain in place regardless of which Maronite leader supports each one and regardless of who will rule in Syria.     

交通区位演化与空间开发强度的时空协同关系及其弹性识别——重庆市案例实证研究

交通区位条件是反映区域发展潜力的重要指标,分析其与空间开发强度之间的时空协同关系对揭示区域发展的动力机制具有重要启示意义。以重庆市为例,通过指数建模、回归拟合及弹性系数等方法,揭示其间互动关系。研究发现：①研究区交通区位指数处于快速跃升阶段,区域差距有所缩小,空间集聚格局基本稳定;②空间开发强度指数数值整体偏低,增速差异较大,空间集聚格局呈单集聚中心向多集聚中心演进趋势;③不同类型的交通区位指数（内部、外部和综合）与空间开发强度指数均呈显著正相关,且关联性表现出不同状态;④交通区位演化与空间开发强度互动敏感程度较高,各弹性系数空间集聚格局基本一致,但其形成机理差异较大。     

“博物馆学习”还是“场馆学习”:试论Museum Learning的中文表达

Museum learning的相关研究范式和成果主要集中在博物馆学观众研究和教育学教育技术研究领域中。国内这两门学科对museum learning的翻译存在分歧:博物馆学界将其译为"博物馆学习",而教育学领域则将其译为"场馆学习"。原因在于二者对museum learning的研究方法存在分歧,以及二者对"博物馆"一词本身范畴和概念存在认知差异。"博物馆学习"不仅保持了museum在跨语境研究中的一致性,更重要的是在概念上确保了自然科技类博物馆和历史艺术类博物馆在museum learning研究中的相同地位,这是"场馆学习"一词无法体现的。     

大汶口文化居民枕部变形研究

枕部变形主要表现为头骨后部的不自然扁平化,自顶骨顶孔区开始向后下转折一直延续到枕外隆突处,使两侧顶骨后部和枕骨上部形成一个几与法兰克福平面相垂直的平坦面。古代遗址中以大汶口文化居民最为流行枕部变形,俨然成为其重要的风俗习惯,此变形方式应为刻意保持婴儿仰睡在硬质枕具上,从而形成枕部扁平,应为有意识的行为,不过其最开始的起源也许并不是有意识的,可能是偶然形成,因其符合大汶口文化居民的审美从而得以流传下来。满族的睡扁头亦是针对枕部的变形,与大汶口文化居民的情况相似,不过因时代断层以及枕部变形方式较简单等因素,两者应是各自起源,并无直接传承关系。     

南京高校民国建筑的历史风貌与保护更新

南京高校民国建筑是民国建筑中的一种特殊类型,其大多数为建筑艺术之精品,且蕴含着深厚的校园历史价值。随着南京高校校园更新改造规模的不断扩大,校内民国建筑的空间形态及历史风貌均遭到了不同程度的破坏。如何在保护民国建筑历史风貌的同时开展好校园更新活动,必须深入研究论证。《威尼斯宪章》界定了保护更新的内涵与外延,南京高校民国建筑的保护更新活动应在原真性与完整性理念的指导下,结合划分保护区、制定详细计划及引入城市设计理念等手段拓展保护工作的广度与深度。     

《中华大帝国史》与英国汉学

西班牙传教士门多萨的《中华大帝国史》（1585）是第一部对中国社会、文化、历史等各个方面进行全方位介绍的通史型的巨作。1588年该著的英译本在英国广泛流传,成为英国人获得真实且周详的中国文化资料库。该著对英国人中国观的形成,汉学知识的获得起到了重要的启蒙作用,是英国人认识和了解汉学之肇始。     

Rapid phytolith extraction for analysis of phytolith concentrations and assemblages during an excavation: an application at Tell es-Safi/Gath,Israel

A rapid phytolith extraction procedure is described, that allows phytolith concentrations and morphotype assemblages to be analyzed within hours. This procedure enables the results of these analyses to be used during an archaeological excavation, in order to better understand how plants were used. The new procedure was tested using a standard phytolith extract and two experimental phytolith-sediment blends and found to be both accurate and precise. The reliability of partial slide counting was evaluated and found to be as accurate and precise as existing phytolith quantification methods. The new extraction and counting procedures were applied to an archaeological site, Tell es-Safi/Gath, Israel. The results demonstrate how information on phytolith concentrations in sediments that are available from one day to the next, can be used during an excavation to more effectively document the local features of interest and obtain better information.     

丙烯酸树脂非水分散体加固剂在泥河湾古象足痕迹提取中的应用

泥河湾遗址出土的古象足迹有非常重要的研究价值,而组成足迹印痕的泥土为层状河湖相沉积物,失水容易出现收缩剥离现象导致破坏。为了保护古象足痕迹,采用丙烯酸树脂非水分散体对表面层进行了加固处理,保护处理后的表面层外观改变小,强度提高,不出现收缩开裂和粉碎现象,得到加固处理的象足痕迹通过套箱提取成功地得到搬迁。