临淄齐故城镜范与汉代铸镜技术

在古代铜镜铸造中,镜范的制作和使用是最为关键的环节,也是铸镜技术的核心所在。山东临淄齐故城出土的汉代陶质镜范在材质、结构和制作工艺等方面,都较先秦陶范有了很大的改进,反映了汉代铸镜技术的进步。这些镜范在制作时于泥料中羼入了大量稻壳灰,焙烧火候也高,因此范体密度低、重量轻,内含大量孔隙,适合铸造,同时又结实耐用且不失柔韧性,从而便于工匠对其进行塑形、雕刻乃至修补和改制。镜范结构设计亦较科学、合理,不仅可铸造出好的产品,而且有利于保护镜范,以达到多次反复使用的目的。另外,镜范成形工艺的改进,特别是刻纹技术的普遍采用,既保证了镜范的质量,也使工匠的艺术创造力得以充分发挥。技术上的进步,造就了汉代临淄镜范优异的铸造性能,同时还使其可以多次反复使用,从而大幅度提高了当时的铜镜生产效率。     

故宫院藏缂丝挂屏中染料的快速筛查分析

缂丝文物珍贵,保存要求高,受环境的影响容易发生脆损和褪色,为染料的鉴定带来极大的挑战。利用超高效液相色谱质谱联用技术结合UNIFI天然产物库对故宫毓庆宫惇本殿“长”字缂丝挂屏中的染料进行分析,不同颜色的丝线经优化后的两步萃取法剥色后,利用超高效液相色谱-四级杆飞行时间质谱(UPLC-QTOF-MS)分析,并采用天然产物库对结果进行筛查,能够快速鉴定出该缂丝挂屏中的黄色“长”字是由黄檗染色的,红色“绵”字是红花和黄檗共同染色所得,蓝色的托背布和青色的背纸是靛蓝染色而成的。利用该方法对染料进行研究能够大大提高染料分析的效率,及时为修复工作提供科学依据,并为文物的合理展陈和保存提供指导。     

Tsering Drolma:Every Painting Is My Child

正On the wall of her room,which is no bigger than twenty square meters,she has hung all her paintings that she has worked out while in a different spirit and state,most of them in a series of a few pictures.The paintings were finished in the past one or two years during her free time after lectures.Pointing at her paintings,she smiled and said,"Each painting is my soul work,to which I have devoted     

Perspectives on ritual

de Coppet, Daniel, ed. Understanding Rituals. London: Routledge, 1992. viii + 120 including chapter references and index. $59.95 cloth, $14.95 paper.

Bell, Catherine. Ritual Theory, Ritual Practice. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992. x + 270 including references and index. $35.00 cloth, $15.95 paper.

Drewal, Margaret Thompson. Yoruba Ritual: Performers, Play, Agency. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1992. xxii + 241 including notes, glossary, references, and index. $35.00 cloth, $14.95 paper.

Schechner, Richard. The Future of Ritual: Writings on Culture and Performance. London: Routledge, 1993. x + 283 including chapter notes, reference, and index. $27.50 cloth.     

Bronze technology of the ancient megalithic communities in the Vidarbha region of India

Metallographic examination was carried out on forty-nine copper and bronze objects from five megalithic sites located in Vidarbha, India. The artifact assembly consists of horse ornaments, kitchenware, bangles, rings, small bells and the hilt of an iron dagger. Results show that the technology involved is characterized by the use of bronze alloys containing approximately 10% tin based on weight and the application of forging as a key method of fabrication. No deliberate addition of lead was observed. Arsenic was detected, but very rarely and only as an insignificant minor element. The consistent selection of such specific alloys indicates that the megalithic communities in this particular region had established a fully developed and standardized bronze tradition optimized for the production of forged items. Their advanced technological status was also noted in a special technique applied to two forged high-tin bronze bowls. Such a unique bronze tradition, dedicated to sheet metal technology, was most likely a practical choice made by these people to take advantage of the changing role of bronze. Specifically, with the introduction of iron, bronze seems to have become a more prestigious material that could serve as an indicator of the appearance of a more rigid socio-economic stratification within the megalithic communities of the Vidarbha region.     

“西南”区域地理概念及范围的历史演变

"西南"区域地理概念及范围经历了长期的发展演变历程。先秦时期的"西南"主要包括巴和蜀。汉晋时期,"西南"区域概念正式确立,包括巴蜀和西南夷地区。唐宋时期,狭义的西南是指唐、宋王朝疆域内的西南地区,即唐代的剑南道、山南西道、黔中道,宋代的川峡四路;广义的西南还包括疆域外的南诏(大理)以及其它一些民族和王国。明清时期疆域内的"西南"出现了三种主要观点,较之前代范围有所扩大。近现代的"西南"概念发生了重大变化,只包括国家疆域内的西南各地。"西南"概念及范围受地理方位、地理环境、行政区划等因素的影响,具有动态性、模糊性、相对稳定性等特征,还有民族、边疆、政区、经济等多重含义。     

晚明的薦賢、徵聘與士人的出處考慮——以鄧元錫爲例

本文以明代萬曆朝名儒鄧元錫被薦之事爲例,探討官僚階層的薦賢原則、朝廷的徵聘運作機制與士人的出處考慮之間的互動情形。在晚明科舉取士的選才制度和循資守轍的用人體制的强勢主導下,薦舉一途已經變得無足輕重。這種現實深刻影響到士人的出處考慮和行爲選擇,使得他們在面對薦舉和朝廷徵聘時,主動將個人出處與治國人才的選拔和任用分離開來,把薦舉賢能之士和個人出仕僅僅定位在榮譽性、象徵性的層面。     

渝西旅游联合营销策略探析

通过分析渝西旅游业发展现状,探讨渝西旅游业存在的问题和开展联合营销的可行性及必要性,通过提出联合营销策略,增强渝西旅游业核心竞争力,实现渝西旅游可持续发展。     

Rakadra, a Small Temple in the Mountains

<正>Looking far to the north above the city of Lhasa,you will see a yellow and white building sitting a little above the Sera Monastery on the eastern slope of M...     

Recalling the War in China： The Dahoufang Project in Chongqing and the Restoration of a Legacy

This article presents a rare inside view of a unique project currently underway in China to study and preserve the memory of possibly the single most seminal event in Chinese modern history, the War of Resistance against Japan （1937-45）. The article introduces a multi-faceted program to preserve the wartime cultural heritage; the work is ongoing in the thriving western metropolis of Chongqing, once China＇s bomb-torn wartime capital and international Allied command center. It describes how, seven decades after World War II, scholars, cultural workers, government experts, and artists in China are joining hands in an unprecedented, all-encompassing project to record, restore, and recount the extraordinary legacy of China＇s War of Resistance in its local, as well as national and global contexts.