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991.
There are many restrictions placed on researchers studying Paleolithic Cave art due to the constraints of conservation that
limit direct contact with the original works. This paper discusses how recent advances in technology have revolutionized the
study and interpretation of Paleolithic cave art. The interpretation of Paleolithic symbolic systems is a complex process
and hypotheses must be applied to cave art with the greatest of precision. A detailed analysis of the painted or engraved
surfaces leads to a greater understanding of both the techniques employed and the actual sequence in which parietal compositions
were executed. By unlocking the creative process followed by Upper Paleolithic artists we are able to glimpse the artist’s
motivations and to understand a portion of the art’s hidden meaning.
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Carole FritzEmail: |
992.
Joan M. Gero 《Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory》2007,14(3):311-327
In this paper I argue that the practice of archaeology over-emphasizes and over-rewards unambiguous certainty in our interpretations,
even though our conclusions are usually drawn from necessarily partial, underdetermined and complex evidence. I argue that
full or partial erasure of ambiguity from our data and from our interpretive assertions does not serve the long-term interests
of the discipline; that a feminist practice aimed at more nuanced understandings of the past and open to more subtle, multivalenced
notions of reality, must accept ambiguity as a central feature of archaeological interpretation. After I review familiar strategies
that are used to obscure troubling areas of uncertainty in archaeology, I urge feminist practice to resist employing these
“mechanisms of closure” in our work. It is only by openly recognizing and preserving the ambiguity that resides in messy data
arrangements today that we stand any hope of fuller and richer understandings in the future.
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Joan M. GeroEmail: |
993.
After almost three centuries of investigations into the question of what it means to be human and the historical processes
of becoming human, archaeologists have amassed a huge volume of data on prehistoric human interactions. One of the largest
data sets available is on the global distribution and exchange of materials and commodities. What still remains insufficiently
understood is the precise nature of these interactions and their role in shaping the diverse cultures that make up the human
family as we know it. A plethora of theoretical models combined with a multitude of methodological approaches exist to explain
one important aspect of human interaction—trade—and its role and place in shaping humanity. We argue that trade parallels
political, religious, and social processes as one of the most significant factors to have affected our evolution. Here we
review published literature on archaeological approaches to trade, including the primitivist-modernist and substantivist-formalist-Marxist
debates. We also discuss economic, historical, and ethnographic research that directly addresses the role of traders and trade
in both past and contemporary societies. In keeping with the complexities of interaction between trade and other aspects of
human behavior, we suggest moving away from the either/or perspective or strong identification with any particular paradigm
and suggest a return to the middle through a combinational approach to the study of trade in past societies. 相似文献
994.
Marlies Heinz 《Archaeologies》2008,4(3):460-470
This paper discusses the relationships between ethics and archaeological fieldwork. It represents the author’s reflections on her own archaeological work in an area, Lebanon, which has in recent times been wracked by considerable violence. The stimulus for the paper came mainly from the question posed by the session organizers and editors of this issue: what would constitute ethical archaeological practice, especially in situations of war and violence but also in cultural contexts in which different approaches to understanding and valuing historical knowledge predominate than those typically held by archaeologists. Two concrete examples from my own fieldwork in Beirut and Kamid el-Loz make clear how the scientific interests of historical-archaeological research and those of people who live in the research area can be reconciled despite specific instances in which they diverge. 相似文献
995.
Rob Mann 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2008,12(4):319-337
This study asks the question, “What happens when the colonizers become the colonized?” It examines the social, cultural and political-economic transformations that took place as first the British and then the Americans wrested control of Great Lakes fur trade from the French and their Native American allies. One result was the ethnic segmentation of the fur trade labor market, which attempted to relegate Canadiens to the role of fur trade laborers. In response Canadien traders constructed homes and identities that were constitutive of both their fur trade society heritage and their political-economic position. 相似文献
996.
Diana DiPaolo Loren 《Archaeologies》2008,4(1):50-66
Trade of European-produced cloth and clothing enabled indigenous and non-indigenous inhabitants of colonial New France to rethink the “hand-woven”, impacting how self could be presented through dress. At the same time, objects were being collected in New France for cabinets of curiosities and museums. These different collections resonated in different ways through history, subsequently influencing modern understandings of colonial cloth and clothing. This paper examines colonial experiences of cloth by looking at archaeological remnants of cloth and cloth production as compared to how indigenous and non-indigenous colonial peoples were and are being represented by cloth and clothing in museum collections. 相似文献
997.
Shipwrecks are resource rich. The recent Gulf of Mexico Deep Gulf Wrecks Project was meant to be shared and explored, not
only by professional scientists but also by the public. The project website was the public link to the deepest reaches of
the Gulf of Mexico during the scientific expedition. The website welcomed hundreds of visitors each day during the project.
The audience composed of professionals and interested public followed the daily logs and videos. The overall scientific and
educational data sets amassed from the project were, at times, overwhelmingly vast, but when segmented by topic, became manageable.
After the fanfare generated by following along with the expedition ended, the primary project goals shifted to analysis and
the creation of a lasting educational legacy. This legacy is presented digitally via the web. Project curriculum gives classrooms
around the globe long-term access to the exciting scientific data. Along with the documentary film project the Deep Gulf Wrecks
Project ensures that the legacy at the bottom of the Gulf of Mexico is indeed a lasting legacy. 相似文献
998.
Yolanda Courtney 《International Journal of Historical Archaeology》2000,4(2):159-190
This paper, based on research carried out for the author's Ph.D. thesis (1996), explores the uneven national distribution of tokens used in public houses in England and Wales c.1830–c.1920. It argues that after an initial, geographically restricted, consumer-led phase, pub tokens became a primarily supply-led phenomenon, with die-sinkers (especially those based in Birmingham) actively creating a niche for their products. The spatial patterning of pub tokens reflects their customized nature and dependence on traditional regional marketing networks. 相似文献
999.
Ute Lageschulte 《Standort - Zeitschrift für angewandte Geographie》2003,27(2):58-60
Das Auto besitzt in unserer
Gesellschaft einen hohen Stellenwert, dies betrifft die
Arbeitswelt ebenso wie die Freizeitgestaltung. Dabei wird dem
fahrbaren Untersatz neben seinem puren Gebrauchswert eine große
emotionale Bedeutung zugemessen. Der VW-Konzern hat dies
aufgegriffen, rund 850 Millionen Mark investiert und auf einem
25 Hektar großen Gelände in Wolfsburg einen neuartigen
Erlebnispark geschaffen. Zeitgleich mit der EXPO 2000 öffnete
die AUTOSTADT ihre Pforten und lockte seitdem schon über sechs
Millionen Besucher an. UTE C. BAUER sprach mit DIPL.-GEOGR. UTE
LAGESCHULTE über das Phänomen Autostadt und ihre
Tätigkeit. 相似文献
1000.