Indigeneity and the refusal of whiteness

Drawing on international literature examining mismatch between racial appearance and racial identity, this paper analyses the subgroup of Indigenous Australians who have been identified, and self-identify, as ‘light-’, ‘fair-’, ‘pale-’ or ‘white-skinned’. We utilise the term ‘race discordance’ to describe the experience of regularly being attributed an identity that is different from how one personally identifies. In contrast to existing terms such as elective race, ethnic fraud and transracialism, race discordance does not seek to explain or judge the validity of identity claims that do not match perceived appearance. When unnoticed or unchallenged, ‘race discordance’ corresponds to ‘passing’. We propose the term ‘race refusal’ to describe instances when a person rejects the race they are ascribed to. In the case of white-skinned Indigenous Australians who are frequently assumed to identify as white, race refusal entails the refusal of whiteness. When light-skinned Indigenous people refuse whiteness, what are they refusing? In conversation with Audra Simpson’s notion of refusal of state recognition as an assertion of continued Indigenous sovereignty, we find that these particular micro-politics of race refusal demand rather than negate state recognition. We argue that identity refusal by pale-skinned Aboriginal people acts to disrupt histories of assimilation, white sociality and everyday racialisation while simultaneously reinforcing Australian recognition regimes.     

Spatial and temporal variation in vulnerability of crop production to drought in southern Alberta

Growing evidence of global climate change has led to global concerns over the vulnerability of agriculture to drought. Located in a semiarid environment, southern Alberta has suffered significant losses of agricultural productivity due to drought hazards in recent decades. Understanding the relationship between crop production and drought conditions is essential for coping with increasingly uncertain climate conditions. This study attempts to quantify the magnitude of crop production vulnerability to drought in southern Alberta. The standard precipitation index is used to measure drought stress in the region. The empirical results provide a detailed picture of the spatial variation in crop production vulnerability to varying drought conditions. Vulnerability maps from this study reveal that pockets in the study area may experience significant productivity loss given the existing level of adaptive capacity. While the irrigation districts have been associated with a lower level of vulnerability than dryland outside the irrigated region, uncertain water supply under varying climatic conditions coupled with increasing water allocation for non‐agricultural uses may increase the vulnerability in these districts.     

试论雅典公民法庭的发展与演变

陪审法庭是古典时代雅典城邦重要的司法机构,曾在其政治生活中扮演举足轻重的角色。作为陪审法庭的前身,梭伦创设的上诉法庭是民主政体萌芽阶段的革新产物,它打破了贵族集团对司法权力的垄断,为司法民主化奠定了基础。作为以城邦公民为参与和决策主体的司法权力机构,上诉法庭和陪审法庭虽可统称为公民法庭,但二者在民主政体发展进程中所发挥的作用各有不同,不可混为一谈。     

ESR geochronology of the Minjiang River terraces at Wenchuan, eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau, China

The Minjiang River terrace along the Longmen Shan fault zone near Wenchuan, at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, China, provides archives for tectonic activity and quaternary climate change. However, previous studies were not able to provide ages older than 100 ka due to the limitations of dating material or/and methods applied to date the fluvial sediments. In this study, we used the ESR signal of the Ti-Li center in quartz to obtain the ages of four higher terraces (T3–T6). According to the results, the terraces T3 to T6 were formed at 64±19 ka, 101±15 ka, 153±33 ka, and 423±115 ka, respectively. Combined with previous studies, these results indicate that the formations of all terraces correspond to glacial/interglacial transition periods, such as, T1-T5 being correlated to MIS2/1, MIS4/3, MIS5d/5c, and MIS6/5e respectively, while T6 probably to MIS12/11. According to these data, it is found that the average incision rate was significantly higher over the last 150 ka than that previous 100 ka (250 to 150 ka). As both tectonics and climate have affected the formation of these terraces, in addition to the overall uplifting of Tibetan Plateau, the regional uplift due to isostasy would be an additional tectonic factor in the formation of river terraces in the eastern margin of Tibetan plateau.     

Aseismic Assessment of the Qiantang River Levee

Liquefaction potential is evaluated using both in-situ and laboratory testing methods. Liquefaction and dynamic stability for the levee are determined using Biot’s dynamic consolidation equation which is used to analyze the increase and dissipation of pore water pressure as well as liquefaction and dynamic stability in the levee during a magnitude 7 earthquake. By inverse analysis, the acceleration at the bedrock is obtained from the acceleration data monitored previously at free surface and is inputted as the seismic loading. Results presented in this paper can provide improved stability assessment for levees experiencing seismic events of this magnitude.     

乌兰察布市产业结构的偏离一份额分析

随着西部大开发的实施,乌兰寮布市结构调整正积极地推进。偏离一份额分析法适合于分析区域产业结构的变动对区域经济增长的影响。论文在分析鸟兰寮布市三次产业结构特征的基础上,以内蒙古自治区为参照系,采用偏离一份额分析法,全面剖析鸟兰寮布市三次产业结构现状,从而乌兰察布市的在自治区准确定位提供依据。     

网络时代高校宣传思想工作的现实思考

随着网络时代的到来,网络技术的发展和普及对高校师生生活的各个方面都产生着深刻的影响,高校宣传思想工作面临着新的机遇与挑战。如何趋利避害,抓住机遇,应对挑战,主动利用网络的技术优势,充分利用网络的丰富资源,采取得力措施切实加强宣传思想工作,是网络时代高校宣传思想工作者面临的重要课题。     

论罗曼努斯与934年新律

马其顿王朝时期是拜占庭历史上的又一个黄金时代。这一时期的主要矛盾是社会差别的扩大和土地大量集中于权贵手中。因此,调适权贵与贫弱者之间的关系成为历代皇帝,特别是罗曼努斯所关注的核心问题。针对土地问题,罗曼努斯先后于922年和934年颁布了“新律”。其中,后者不仅是对前者的简单补充,而是像前者一样基于公共税收,在沿袭古法,调整古法之矛盾的基础上,针对紧迫而尖锐的现实问题,纳入了对权贵群体的界定等诸多重大内容,把宗教语言与道德说教、抽象的理念与法令的可操作性及严密性结合在一起。这些内容与特征反映了罗曼努斯的人生历程与当时帝国所面临的内外形势,反映了制度变迁的基本逻辑。     

西汉初期粉彩陶俑的保护研究

为了探索研究出土脆弱粉彩陶俑的保护方法,采用偏光显微粉末法(PS-PLM)对11种颜色颜料进行了分析鉴定。用X一射线衍射对文物表面土壤溶盐的成分及含量进行了测试,测得干土含盐量高达2.5%。先用WO-WO2型有机硅对粉彩进行预加固,再用8%Na2[Na4(Po3)6]溶液多层纸张贴敷法对粉彩俑进行了脱盐处理,然后进行保色,拼对粘接,再加固和表面保护,保护后的粉彩俑色彩鲜艳,无炫光,触摸弹击粉彩不掉色,保持了器物的原貌。达到理想的保护效果。