河南淅川沟湾遗址2007年度植物浮选结果与分析

沟湾遗址炭化植物遗存显示,植物资源在聚落生业经济中所占的比例可能较低。农作物以黍、粟、稻为主,从仰韶一期到石家河文化时期,黍都占绝对优势,而稻的数量或出土概率在仰韶四期和屈家岭文化时期虽然曾经显著增多,但都始终没有超过黍。屈家岭文化时期发现了大麦。先民农业活动以外可能还采集野生植物。沟湾遗址的植物遗存分析为了解该地区农业发展及野生植物利用情况提供了新资料。     

浅议中国玉文化及制玉材质

一.神秘的中国玉文化 玉器在中国是一种独特的艺术品,也是中国古代文明的重要标志。其在政治、经济、文化、思想、伦理道德、宗教信仰上都发挥过其他艺术品不能取代的作用,中国古代玉器承载着颇多的文化内涵,并蒙上了一层使人难以揭开的神秘面纱,这就是中国独有的玉文化。     

宫廷遗珍——旅顺博物馆藏明清宫廷档案展综述

旅顺博物馆拥有丰厚的藏品资源,这为举办各种专题的陈列展览奠定了基础。馆内在举办青铜器、陶瓷器、玉器、书画、大连古代文明等基本陈列的基础上,不断挖掘藏品资源,举办各种专题的临时展览,以保证展览常展常新,满足各种观众的需求。     

Liberalism and cultural claims in Central and Eastern Europe: toward a pluralist balance†

ABSTRACT. This article relies on cases from new EU member states in postcommunist Europe to integrate two overlapping debates about majority–minority relations. Since the Second World War, political theorists and international institutions have tended to discourage group‐rights approaches in favour of individual rights; meanwhile, policy‐makers who achieved interethnic peace in postcommunist Europe have often opted for group‐rights approaches. On the basis of political theory, international norms and the conduct of political elites in this region, we argue that both the individual‐rights and group‐rights approaches can be differentiated internally along the dimension of pluralism – that is, their willingness to accommodate multiple processes of cultural reproduction. Moreover, both group‐rights and individual‐rights approaches can offer justifications for restricting minority cultural opportunities; furthermore, restrictive group‐rights approaches sometimes cloak their efforts behind ‘Western‐sounding’ individual‐rights rhetoric. Likewise, both group‐rights and individual‐rights approaches can permit group accommodation that can lead to political integration. We find that de facto pluralist approaches to minority accommodation – often spearheaded by moderate parties of the majority in coalition with minority‐group parties – encourage ethnic peace, regardless of their foundation in individual or group rights.     

A permeability‐change model for water‐level changes triggered by teleseismic waves

Although many hydrologic changes induced by teleseismic waves have been reported, the mechanism(s) responsible for the changes are usually not known. Permeability changes induced by seismic strains are often invoked to explain changes in water level. Using water‐level data in Taiwan after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, we show here that the observations cannot be properly explained by previously proposed models of postseismic permeability changes. A new model is required in which the postseismic permeability decreases exponentially as a function of time, with a time constant of <3 min, which is appreciably shorter than inferred from earlier studies. The result may have important implications for pore‐sealing mechanism(s).     

The Restructuring of Labour in the Automobile Industry in South Korea

Based on a case study of the South Korean automobile industry, this article explores the qualitative shift in employment practices implied by the expansion of contract labour from peripheral services to the main production activities of firms. This new phenomenon involves the greater integration of labour contracting into the production process, together with changes in employment practices and the rights of workers, which poses a challenge to our conventional understanding of labour contracting. The findings of the present study address the importance of investigating the issue of employment relationships and analysing the roles played by workplace actors in order to better understand the process of change in labour contracting and the consequences of increased numbers of non‐standard workers in the workplace. By revealing both the cooperation and the conflicting interests between workplace actors, the study highlights the sources of tension and contradiction associated with changes in labour contracting arrangements and the subsequent restructuring of the workplace.     

CHARACTERIZATION OF PLASTERS FROM PTOLEMAIC BATHS: NEW EXCAVATIONS NEAR THE KARNAK TEMPLE COMPLEX,UPPER EGYPT*

The aim of the present work is to characterize plasters from Ptolemaic baths recently discovered in front of the Karnak temple complex, by the excavations of an Egyptian–French team. The characterization was carried out by means of optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy‐dispersive X‐ray detector (EDS), X‐ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT–IR). The results allowed the identification of the chemical composition and structure of these plasters. In addition, samples of red, yellow, black and white pigments were examined and identified. The results helped in providing an image concerning some materials used during the Ptolemaic era in ancient Egypt.     

Forest Policy Reform and the Organization of Logging in Peruvian Amazonia

Reform in the forest sector in Peru resulted in a new forestry law, developed with substantial input from international conservation and donor organizations. While it incorporates the principles of sustainable forest management, biodiversity conservation and livelihood improvement, inconsistencies remain between the regulatory mechanisms and actual practices and outcomes in the field, leading some to consider the legal framework a failure. This article suggests that problems in the sector persist because the legal and regulatory frameworks do not incorporate existing local institutions, norms and practices — all of which are rooted in complex historical social, political and economic relationships. Based on information from interviews, data on movement of timber and analysis of secondary information, the authors examine the local structure, actors and dynamics of the concession forestry system in the Peruvian Amazon. The article focuses on how financial, social and political relationships in the network of actors, and particularly the patronage system, have helped actors in the sector adapt to the new policy framework. It is proposed that any further reform in the forest sector must be based on a keen understanding and appreciation of the praxis of timber extraction in the region.