十六大以来党的建设的理论创新

党的十六大以来,新一届中央领导集体在对世情、国情和党情进行准确把握的基础上,提出了以党的执政能力建设为重点、以党的先进性建设为主线、以党的制度建设为基础的加强党的建设的理论体系。这一马克思主义中国化的最新理论成果,对于全面推进新世纪新阶段中国特色社会主义的伟大实践,具有重大的现实意义和深远的历史意义。     

Market mechanisms and migrant settlement intentions in urban China

This study examines the settlement intentions of migrants based on original survey data collected from four large Chinese cities. Despite the long-lasting institutional effects of the hukou (household registration) system, market mechanisms are becoming increasingly important in affecting migrant settlement intentions. Although rural hukou holders are more likely to return to their places of origin, migrants who have received higher education, who are self-employed or who own homes are more willing to permanently settle in cities. The influences of market mechanisms are also reflected in recent policy reforms related to education, housing and the hukou system.     

国家级新区的空间生产与治理尺度建构

国家级新区是近年来备受瞩目的新国家空间类型。首先,论文从新国家空间的理论视角出发,认为国家级新区是我国新时期国家空间选择偏好从城市内部空间转变为城市群体空间的产物,是国家为参与全球城市竞争和承接全球产业转移而在城市-区域尺度上构建的新地域组织。其次,论文研究了国家级新区的空间生产,发现其在微观尺度上具有多尺度行政区跨界联合的特征,并且表现出自上而下和自下而上相结合的机制。然后,基于空间生产与尺度重组的密切联系,论文同时研究了国家级新区治理建构的情况。通过分析不同类型的国家级新区空间治理结构,发现影响国家级新区尺度重组进程的关键因素,是新尺度与原有行政区划的耦合程度。最后,在上述研究的基础上,论文对国家级新区未来治理改革提出了政策建议。     

有机-无机复合疏水型二氧化硅涂层制备及性能

为研究制作保护石质文物的加固材料,采用溶胶-凝胶法,以两种有机硅材料(正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和甲基三乙氧基硅烷(MTES))为共同前驱体,少量正辛胺为催化剂,聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)(方法 1)或硅烷偶联剂KH-570(方法 2)为有机改性剂,制备了有机-无机复合疏水型Si O2涂层。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)和水接触角(WCA)来表征在砖块表面形成的SiO_2膜层化学组成、表面形貌以及疏水性能,然后再通过测试砖块加固前后外观、吸水性能和孔隙率的变化来验证实际加固效果。结果表明,两种方法均可以制备骨架带-CH3基团的SiO_2溶胶。采用方法 1(添加前驱体质量10%的PDMS)或者方法 2(MTES/TEOS质量比为2),加固后的砖块对水接触角均超过140°,毛细吸水率降低到未处理时的1%~2%,并且砖块的色差和光泽度改变较小。通过耐候性能测试表明,方法 2的保护效果相对较好,说明用此种方法合成的疏水性二氧化硅涂层可以作为砖块加固材料。     

瓷器文物修复中环保作旧材料性能比较研究

瓷器文物修复中作旧处理是修复中的关键步骤,作旧处理的好坏,关系到修复后瓷器的保存时效。传统作旧处理中所用的硝基清漆易于黄变,且所用稀释剂具有一定的污染性。为筛选环保且较耐久的瓷器修复作旧材料,以环保水性材料为主,选用水性氟碳树脂DF-01、水性氟碳乳液、水性木器清面漆和水性木器清底漆四种水性高分子材料分别作为瓷器修复作旧处理过程中的粘接材料,按照传统修复方法,以市售瓷板为处理对象,对其进行作旧处理。然后将上述样品分别进行干热、湿热和氙灯老化,通过测试上述样品老化前后的色差和光泽度,表征了上述材料的耐老化性能。结果表明,与传统材料硝基清漆相比,实验所选用的水性高分子材料具有较好的耐热老化、抗氙灯老化和抗湿热老化能力,且在操作过程中无味,有望解决传统瓷器文物修复材料易于黄变且对环境污染大的难题,具有一定的应用前景。     

Application of Kernel Density Estimates to Lead Isotope Compositions of Bronzes from Ningxia,North‐West China

The aim of this paper is to apply kernel density estimates (KDEs) to the visualization and interpretation of lead isotope data from bronze assemblages found along the northern border of central China, here designated as the Arc. New lead isotope analyses of 30 leaded tin–bronze artefacts from the Wangdahu cemetery (c.500–300 bc ) in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, north‐west China, provide the basis for the discussion. By using multivariate KDEs and the calculated likelihood of the overlap, the present work shows that the Wangdahu objects feature a unique linear array of isotope ratios, representing an important element of overall bronzes from the Arc in the first millennium bc . This characteristic isotope signature is fundamentally different from that of Dajing ores in north‐east China, as well from that of early Qin bronzes in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. This suggests that a variety of metal resources were utilized by peoples living in the Arc. The KDE approach thus proves effective at presenting and comparing lead isotope data.     

THE LOVELY PEOPLE ON THE PLATEAU——AN INTERVIEW ON CHARITY PROGRAMS IN YUSHU

<正>Three years ago,I was supposed to join a charity organization in Yushu,Qinghai,as a teacher.I had to drop that idea due to a few issues I had,but I never stop thinking about them.I feel sorry for not being there as I promised I would,I continually hope that I can do something for them.That is why I started an interview with Xu Guilan,     

论中国古代海关的起源、布局与体系演化

自西周起,中国形成了藩属体制和海外朝贡贸易关系,为监管中原地区内部及与各藩部、蕃属国间的经济交往,各朝代产生了关津、榷场、市舶等多种组织。它们虽在类型上划为内地之关、藩部之关和蕃国之关,在空间上形成圈层布局结构,但其监管跨区域或对外经济交往的行为本质均与现代海关相通。16世纪,欧洲诸国率先撤除国内税关,建立统一国境海关。近代中国被动纳入以西方为中心的国际秩序以后,在沿海、沿边、沿江等地不断创设洋人代管的国境新关,国内固有常关也逐渐被改造。1931年,中国陆、海相统一的国境海关体制最终确立,标志着延续了两千余年的传统税关体系彻底瓦解。     

Geographical and Temporal Weighted Regression (GTWR)

Both space and time are fundamental in human activities as well as in various physical processes. Spatiotemporal analysis and modeling has long been a major concern of geographical information science (GIScience), environmental science, hydrology, epidemiology, and other research areas. Although the importance of incorporating the temporal dimension into spatial analysis and modeling has been well recognized, challenges still exist given the complexity of spatiotemporal models. Of particular interest in this article is the spatiotemporal modeling of local nonstationary processes. Specifically, an extension of geographically weighted regression (GWR), geographical and temporal weighted regression (GTWR), is developed in order to account for local effects in both space and time. An efficient model calibration approach is proposed for this statistical technique. Using a 19‐year set of house price data in London from 1980 to 1998, empirical results from the application of GTWR to hedonic house price modeling demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and its superiority to the traditional GWR approach, highlighting the importance of temporally explicit spatial modeling.     

试论贵州地区“石棺葬”的族属与源流

本文结合文献和民族志材料,讨论了贵州地区＂石棺葬＂的族属,认为其可能和明清文献记载中的＂马镫龙家＂、＂仲家＂、＂苗＂、＂仡佬＂的部分支系或其先民有关。贵州地区的＂石棺葬＂是生态环境和文化交流等多种力量作用下的产物。在贵州地区＂石棺葬＂的两个分布区内,黔中区＂石棺葬＂是在受当地传统丧葬因素和黔西南区＂石棺葬＂文化因素的影响下出现的,而黔西南区＂石棺葬＂与川滇石棺葬间的关系,目前尚未明了。