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The study investigates the influence of climate conditions on radial increment of oak, with special concern to the situations when analysed trees formed conspicuously wider or narrower tree-rings. The research material was collected in four locations in central Poland within natural range of pedunculate and sessile oaks. The elaborated residual chronologies were correlated with CRUTS 2.1 climate data. The analyses included thermal and pluvial conditions spanning from April of the year prior to ring formation to September of the current growth year. Special interest was paid to simple water ability index that combined both temperature and precipitation during the vegetation season. Additionally, pointer year analysis was carried out to determine situations when conspicuously smaller or larger increment was formed. Investigated chronologies cover the period of 1927?C1992 (?ochów), 1845?C1992 (P?o??sk), 1868?C1992 (Pu?tusk), and 1796?C1992 (Soko?ów). The analysed oaks from sites in central Poland exhibit growth patterns comparable with those known form previous studies concerning that species, where influence of precipitation (higher and positive) and temperature (negative) have been observed. Extreme growth reactions expressed by negative and positive pointer years turned to present high dependence of analysed oak?? growth on water availability during vegetation season. 相似文献
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Rossana?TazzioliEmail author 《Revue de synthèse / Centre international de synthèse》2003,124(1):11-41
Many XIXth century «geometers»—such as Bernhard Riemann, Hermann von Helmholtz, Felix Klein, Riccardo De Paolis, Mario Pieri, Henri Poincaré, Federigo Enriques, and others—played an important role in the discussion about the foundations of mathematics. But in contrast to Euclid's ideas, they did not simply identify “physical space» with the «space of the senses». On the basis of our experience in space, they intended to determine the main properties of space and put them at the very foundation of geometry. The axioms of geometry were hence based on active knowledge of space and were not aa priori, as in the case according to kantian philosophy. Moreover, in the last decade of the century some Italian mathematicians—De Paolis, Gino Fano, Pieri, and others—founded the concept of number itself on geometry, by using results of projective geometry. Arithmetic, was then founded on geometry and not reversely, as David Hilbert tried—without success—to do some years later. 相似文献
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The «cellular theory», elaborated during the 19th century by researchers such as Lorenz Oken, Matthias Schleiden, Theodor Schwann and Rudolf Virchov, greatly modified the conception of life that Man had had up to then, since it asserted that the cell is the basic organic unit of all living beings and that every living being stems from a cell. Indeed, the study of the unicellular paramecium shows that a cell must be considered as a complete living form insofar as it illustrates by feeding, growing, defending and reproducing the general fate of all living creatures. Its living-space, generated by its movements, is relative to its needs and therefore to its behaviour. 相似文献
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Juan-J.?Carmona-SchneiderEmail author Silvia?Besse Herbert?Rath Annett?C.?Kraushaar 《Standort - Zeitschrift für angewandte Geographie》2003,27(2):68-74
Das Projekt "Europa-Fit" unterstützt
kleinere Unternehmen aus den Ziel-2-Gebieten in
Nordrhein-Westfalen bei der Erschließung neuer Absatz-,
Beschaffungs- und Kooperationsmöglichkeiten innerhalb der
Europäischen Union. Durch Beratung, Qualifizierung und Coaching
werden ausgewählte Kleinbetriebe auf ihrem Weg in den
EU-Binnenmarkt individuell begleitet. Zur Bedarfsermittlung und
Auswahl geeigneter Betriebe wurde im Vorfeld von den
Partnerorganisationen—dem Rationalisierungs- und
Innovationszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen e.V. (RKW NRW), der
Landesgewerbeförderungsstelle des nordrhein-westfälischen
Handwerks e.V. (LGH) und dem Zentrum für Innovation und Technik
in Nordrhein- Westfalen GmbH (ZENIT)—im November 2001 eine
schriftliche Unternehmensbefragung von kleineren Unternehmen bis
ca. 70 Mitarbeitern durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse dieser
Befragung sollen in dem folgenden Artikel zusammenfassend
dargestellt werden. Den Abschluß bildet ein kurzer Abriss der
ersten Erfahrungen, die im Projekt Europa-Fit gemacht
wurden.
相似文献
Juan-J. Carmona-SchneiderEmail: |