中国古代的记年、记月、记日、记时法

"凡史之所记,以表年以系事."时间是记述历史不可缺少的一个重要的因素.那么,古人是如何记年、记月、记日、记时的呢?     

刘向校书同僚学行考论

西汉后期成、哀年间,刘向父子主持、领导了我国历史上第一次大规模的校书活动,前后长达二十餘年,成为中国学术史、文化史上不朽的盛事.这次校书活动的意义,首先在于将先秦、西汉间杂乱糅莒的典籍进行了系统的整理,使每一种书有了一个相对稳定的传本;其次,基于对典籍的考察,梳理了先秦、西汉间学术发展的源流和线索,并通过综合性的书目<别录>、<七略>体现出来;第三,在校书实践和叙录撰写的过程中,发现并宣扬了古文经学的优点,为古文经学的勃兴提供了条件,并由此进一步促使今文经学的逐渐衰落.     

中国古墨与现代墨元素成分研究

对中国古墨（汉墨、明墨与清墨）与不同产地的现代墨元素成分作了对比分析。用离子背散射测定墨中常量元素C、N、O的含量,用质子激发X荧光法测定微量元素K、Ca、Ti、Cu、Fe等10种元素的含量。实验结果表明,古墨中微量元素K、Ca的含量比现代徽墨、沪墨高10倍以上,而现代徽墨与沪墨中元素N和An的含量也有明显的差别。     

Sourcing copper ores for production of bronzes excavated at Shuangyantang,a Western Zhou (1046–771 <Emphasis Type="SmallCaps">bc</Emphasis>) site in Chongqing (Southwest China): evidence from lead isotope analysis

Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) and lead isotope analyses were applied to 12 Western Zhou (1046–771 bc) bronzes unearthed from the Shuangyantang site in Wushan County, Chongqing (southwest China), to investigate their chemical compositions and possible mineral source(s). The results showed that (1) the investigated bronzes were mostly bronzes with low, common lead and (2) their lead isotopic values almost all fall into a relatively narrow range, suggesting possibly the use of raw materials from a common copper mine. The comparison between lead isotopic values for Shuangyantang bronzes and those already published for copper mines and other bronzes produced and used about at the same times leads us to believe that the Shuangyantang bronzes probably used the same copper ores as used in bronzes from the Peng and Jin states in Shanxi Province. However, it would not be possible at this point to come up with a clear idea of where exactly these copper ores may come from. Candidate copper mines might be the Tonglvshan mines in Hubei Province, the Zhongtiaoshan mines in Shanxi Province, or the Dajing copper mines in Inner Mongolia.     

Embodied bicycle commuters in a car world

As an initiative to increase cycling, bike to work (BTW) events emphasize a pragmatic approach in which people learn through sensory experience. Pragmatism contends that the lived experience of the commuter within fluid geographies of social and physical conditions informs commuting knowledge and behavior. I researched how bicyclists participate in the 2012 BTW event in Lake Tahoe (USA) and how these experiences facilitate the process of becoming bicycle commuters. My study included participant observations, interviews, video observations, and route mapping. I analyzed this data with thematic and narrative analyses. I find that the BTW event illuminates bicycling, a normally invisible practice in a car world, and creates temporary bicycle-friendly spaces that provide the embodied experience and knowledge of bicycle commuting within context. Through this lived experience, participants can break free from unconscious car-based patterns and become embodied bicycle commuters who engage in active renegotiations of their commuting practices.     

东北亚地区经济技术合作中的旅游业

旅游业的先导作用、文化效应和经济效应决定了它在东北亚地区经济技术合作中的地位,本文分析了东北亚地区旅游业的发展基础与协作潜力,就东北亚地区旅游业发展战略与中国延边地区的相应抉择进行了探讨。     

九十年代中东地缘政治的因素与机制探讨

中东是个独特的政治地理区域,90年代以来正在走向多极化。影响中东地缘政治的因素丰富多样,本文对其中的地理位置、国土、自然资源、民族、宗教、地区霸权等最重要的因素进行了简要的论述。并在提出国家影响力、地缘政治影响力概念的基础上,设计了简明的公式,对中东地缘政治稳定度作了定量探讨,文间还结合当前中东政局中的重大问题和主要特征进行了分析。     

论自然环境对人类社会发展作用方式

自然环境对人类社会发展的控制是一种可能性控制,这种控制的具体方式有四:一是经由自然稀缺性控制人类社会的持续发展;二是经由空间差异性控制人类社会的空间分化和区域发展;三是经由其时间上的变化控制人类社会发展的波动与周期;四是经由其使用价值的多样性控制资源与环境利用的社会选择范围与方向。作者对前两种方式做了重点论述。     

关于《东林列传》及其影印本有关问题

《东林列传》是研究明末东林党人的重要资料,具有较高的文献参考价值,因此有关《东林列传》的版本问题也是一个值得重视的学术课题。