基于APSO—SVR的山岳风景区短期客流量预测

根据山岳风景区短期客流量小样本、非线性等特征,本文提出基于自适应粒子群算法（Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization,APSO）的支持向量回归（Support Vector Regression,SVR）模型,融合SVR处理小样本、非线性预测特性和APSO优化SVR参数的能力对山岳风景区短期客流量进行预测。来自山岳风景区黄山2008年～2011年暑期相关日数据的验证结果表明：与PSO—SVR、GA—SVR和BPNN等模型相比,APSO。SVR模型的预测准确性更高、误差更小,是进行山岳风景区短期客流量预测的有效工具。     

旅游供应链权力转移实证研究

本文在综述渠道权力转移的相关理论和实证研究的基础上,基于舒尔茨的渠道权力对角线转移理论,遵循产业经济学SCP研究范式,利用中国旅游业相关上市公司的ROA、ROE、ROS及MVA数据,对旅游供应链权力转移进行了实证研究。研究结果不支持旅游供应链权力由供应商向中间商发生了转移的假设,文章对这一结果进行了解释和分析。     

基于高光谱技术对一幅清代画信息提取研究

高光谱仪作为一种无损检测方法,其"图谱合一"的特性使很多在正射影像上无法区分的类别变得可分。因此,本研究以清代张士保《论道图》为例,利用高光谱相机采集影像,经过最小噪声分离变换、主成分变换、掩膜等处理对画作的墨线进行了提取,实现了图像增强效果,并且发现了两处人眼无法识别的隐含信息。图像增强及隐含信息的发现对书画鉴定、修复提供重要依据,并开拓了新视野。     

交河故城垛泥墙体裂隙注浆工艺研究

交河故城垛泥墙体裂隙是一种典型的土遗址病害,注浆是加固土遗址裂隙的有效手段,注浆加固需要解决材料和施工工艺两方面问题。为此,进行了室内和现场试验研究,采用模数3.7、浓度12%、水灰比0.60～0.65的PS-C加固裂隙,取得了较好的效果。通过对施工工艺的研究,对裂隙封闭、灌浆管布置、灌浆工具、裂隙壁渗透、灌浆等工艺提出了相关技术要求,其结果为今后土遗址裂隙加固提供借鉴作用。     

陕西蓝田水陆庵彩绘泥塑颜料分析研究

水陆庵位于陕西蓝田王顺山下,庵内现存三百余平方米精美绝伦的明代彩绘泥塑,是我国泥塑保存最多、最完整的明代彩绘泥塑群之一。为明确水陆庵彩绘泥塑的颜料使用情况,采用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、显微红外光谱仪、扫描电镜-能谱仪和显微拉曼光谱仪对颜料样品进行科学分析。结果表明,除中隔壁背面重妆区域的蓝色颜料主要成分是普鲁士蓝之外,水陆庵彩塑使用的颜料大多为矿物颜料,包括铅丹、朱砂、铁红、氯铜矿、雌黄和云母等。研究结果将为水陆庵后续保护修复提供科学依据,并为丰富关中地区明代彩绘泥塑颜料类型补充科学信息。     

A Study on Black‐Body Celadon Excavated in The Altar Guan and Literature Ge (Longquan Ge) Kilns by EDXRF

Samples of celadon were collected from the Altar Guan Kiln in Hangzhou, and from the Xiaomeizhen and Xikou Kilns, two subordinate kilns of the Longquan Kiln producing black‐body celadon called Literature Ge. Both the elemental contents in the sample bodies and the glaze were measured. The results reveal that the sample bodies contain fingerprint information for provenance, while this was lost in the glaze during the production process. The TiO₂, MnO and Rb₂O contained in the bodies are fingerprints to distinguish between celadons from the Xiaomeizhen and Xikou Kilns. In the Altar Guan Kiln, some low‐TiO₂ samples were found and their body colour is much lighter than some others, but they do not differ with regard to iron content. This indicates that both titanium and iron are indispensable for the blackness of the bodies: they may react to form some black minerals during the firing process. Ultimately, samples from the Literature Ge and Altar Guan Kilns differ in their body constituents. Principal component analysis reveals that the samples can be divided into two groups, corresponding to the two different areas.     

高精度磁测在考古勘查中的应用

介绍了考古对象的磁性、磁异常特征及一般工作方法等。例举了在一些地区应用高精度磁测的情况和效果。以具体的实例证明该方法高效率、无损伤等优点的同时,进一步提出该方法在考古应用中应注意研究的问题。     

何以"外民国"——《清史稿》反动成因探析

《清史稿》是民初官方主持纂修的史书,刊印不久后却因"内清室而外民国"的反动立场而被南京国民政府查禁.究其原因,首先,清史馆在归属问题上的含糊不清使修史宗旨具有不确定性;其次,在史书纂修过程中,北洋政府对史馆成员的政治立场缺少足够的干预和控制;第三,史书纂修者在书稿中表露出了或深或浅的遗民心态.最后,由于南京国民政府与北洋政府在政治理念等方面的巨大差异,《清史稿》表现出的"表扬清室"的态度和"遗民"口吻都被视为"触犯民国"的罪证.《清史稿》从成书到被禁的历程,显示了政府与修史机构、修史者之间的紧密关联以及民初复杂的政治生态.     

The Compositional study of ceramic samples from tombs dating to the Zhou Dynasty at Xiaoshan,Zhejiang Province (China)

Xiaoshan in Zhejiang Province was an important ceramic production area in ancient China. During recent years, local archaeologists have found a number of mound tombs dating to the Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn period. Many shards of stamped stoneware and proto‐porcelain have been unearthed from these tombs. In this paper, we report how we collected ceramic shards from tombs and samples from local ancient kilns as reference materials in order to clarify their relationship. We have used the energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence technique to analyse the chemical composition of the ceramic samples. The results indicate that some of the tomb artefacts may be imported from other production areas. We infer that the other tomb samples were produced at local kilns, but due to production process–related compositional differences, there are small differences in chemical composition between different categories of samples.     

从史前聚落地理变迁看台湾原住民文化的发展

台湾原住民的来源、迁徙和扩散,在台湾的历史研究上一直是个重要的问题。然而,受到研究方法和资料的局限,这个问题到现在仍有许多争议。本文试图在前人研究的基础上,通过对台湾从旧石器时代到铁器时代发现的聚落选址进行统计,主要统计其所处的地域和地貌,描述台湾原住民的迁徙和扩散,进而解释台湾原住民文化的发展。本文通过几个时代的聚落分布的不同来解释台湾原住民文化的发展:(1)旧石器时代,台湾原住民集中分布在台东的海滨;(2)新石器早期,台湾原住民主要分布在台湾北部的丘陵;(3)新石器中期,台湾原住民开始呈规模地在西部平原聚落定居;(4)新石器晚期,台湾原住民集中分布在台湾东西两岸的低地聚落;(5)铁器时代,台湾原住民开始成规模的向高山迁徙。