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181.
王鸿泰 《Frontiers of History in China》2010,5(2):169-216
The flourishing development of media during the Ming and Qing eras affected the building of new methods of interpersonal interactions
between an individual and society as well as between the people themselves. By virtue of media like Dibao 邸报 (court liaison reports), drama or novels, interpersonal interactions could reach beyond space and object restrictions.
These media could thus rapidly spread particular or individual news to the general public, making those who were absent from
the scene feel as if they were “experiencing” it, and at the same time allowing them to “participate in” social affairs beyond
their knowledge. In this way, mass media surpassed the individual living sphere, ultimately forming a “public sphere.” Under
the influence of these media, each individual could join this “public sphere” and be connected with the imagined “general
public.” That is to say, mass media created an “imagined society.” In addition to a personal limited “real world,” there was
an immense “fictitious world” for everyone to take part in and experience. Accordingly, interactions between people developed
into interactions between each individual and the abstract society, which could cut across space limitations, and establish
an immense “public society.” 相似文献
182.
From the Qin and Han periods to the Qing Dynasty, there was a constant flow of people from China’s mainland to Hainan Island.
These immigrants and indigenous people developed Hainan together. Particularly in the Ming and Qing dynasties, they adopted
customs from each other. By tracing the changes of women’s lives in Hainan during this period, this paper studies how different
ethnic customs influenced each other. 相似文献
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184.
On Nelson Island in western Alaska, some Yup’ik inhabitants built and inhabited semisubterranean houses until the early 1960s.
This affords a unique opportunity to examine known activity areas of ethnoarchaeological soils using multielement chemical
characterization of soils. These data can then be compared to archaeological investigations, allowing a nuanced and sophisticated
understanding of the activities performed in the past. Here, we present elemental concentration data from soil extracts, generated
with a quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer, of the following elements in the soil extract recorded in
parts per billion: sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), titanium (Ti),
chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), strontium (Sr),
barium (Ba), lead (Pb), and uranium (U). When compared to an offsite area, the sod house samples were enriched in phosphorus
and magnesium, and specific areas within the sod house exhibited different signatures related to different activities, including
the incorporation of wood ash and waste into the soil. 相似文献
185.
Erwan Messager Aïcha Badou François Fröhlich Brigitte Deniaux David Lordkipanidze Pierre Voinchet 《Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences》2010,2(1):25-34
Mineralised fruits and seeds are frequently found in archaeological sediments but their chemical nature has not been often
examined. The nature and the origin of these archaeobotanical remains have to be investigated to understand their taphonomic
history. Fruits or seeds can be mineralised not only by replacement mineralisation but also by biomineralisation during the
plant life. The mineral components of three fossil fruits sampled on the Pleistocene site of Dmanisi were analysed and compared
with their modern analogues. Analyses were carried out by means of an environmental scanning electron microscope, equipped
with an energy dispersive X-ray device and by means of a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Biogenic carbonates and/or
biogenic silica were identified in the fossil and modern fruits of some taxa. Comparison between fossil and modern specimens
has shown that molecular reorganisation occurred in carbonate and in biogenic silica during fossilisation, through diagenetic
processes. The resulting stable mineral structures confer an exceptional preservation to fruits in sediments. Taking into
account these taphonomic specificities (transformation and differential preservation), the chronological and palaeoenvironmental
aspects of the mineralised fruits are discussed. 相似文献
186.
Daniel J. Wescott Kelly Brinsko Marina Faerman Stephanie D. Golda Jeff Nichols Mark Spigelman Bob Stewart Margaret Streeter Robert H. Tykot Ljuba Zamstein 《Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences》2010,2(4):283-305
In 2006 a cast-iron coffin was discovered in an unmarked burial plot in Lexington, Missouri. A multifaceted investigation
was conducted to provide historical documentation and possible identification of the individual. The coffin is an early Fisk
Patent Metallic Burial Case. Osteological analyses indicate that the skeletal remains belong to a 20 to 30 year old white
female who consistently ate an omnivorous diet with significant amounts of C4 plants or seafood. Rib morphology and her burial
garments suggest she frequently wore restrictive clothing. No gross skeletal pathological lesions or trauma were observed
except for a patch of reactive bone and an atypical pattern of bone remodeling on the visceral surface of the sixth rib. Subsequent
bacterial DNA analysis of the ribs and sternum indicate the presence of tuberculosis infection. Although not conclusive, multiple
lines of evidence are consistent with the skeletal remains representing Elizabeth (Triplett) Stewart who died in 1854 of pulmonary
tuberculosis. This multidisciplinary research significantly contributes to the local history of Lexington, Missouri and provides
a likely identification of the deceased individual for the Stewart Family. 相似文献
187.
Steve Weber Arunima Kashyap David Harriman 《Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences》2010,2(1):35-43
Cereal grains play a pivotal role in the rise and character of the Indus civilization. Archaeologists have traditionally focused
their attention on the large-grained crops of wheat and barley while often minimizing the importance of the smaller-grained
millets. Both environmental and cultural variables influence crop selection in the past as well as today. This paper explores
the role and significance of cereal grain size during the evolution of the Indus civilization. 相似文献
188.
Zhijun Zhao 《Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences》2010,2(2):99-105
China was one of the major centers for the origin of agriculture in the world. The origins of agriculture in China, especially
the origin of rice agriculture, made a significant contribution not only to the occurrence of Chinese civilization but also
to the development of world history. Recently, the study on the origin of rice agriculture has attracted the attention of
the academic community due to the dramatic development of archaeobotanical research in China. In recent years, the flotation
technique has widely implemented in archaeological excavations in China. As the result, a tremendous amount of plant remains
have been recovered from archaeological sites, including those much related to the study of early rice agriculture. The new
data provide direct archaeological evidence for, and raise some new issues about, the origin of rice agriculture in China.
For example, the rice remains from the Shangshan site, dated to ca. 10,000 cal. B.P., suggest the beginning of rice cultivation
regardless of whether that rice was domesticated or not. The quantitative analysis of plant remains recovered by floatation
from the Jiahu site, dated to ca. 8,000 cal. B.P., revealed that the subsistence of the Jiahu people mainly relied on fishing/hunting/gathering,
while the products of rice cultivation and animal husbandry were only a supplement to their diet. The ongoing excavation,
with floatation and water-sieving, at the Tianluoshan site, dated to 6,000 to 7,000 cal. B.P., suggests that rice farming,
though important, was only part of a broader subsistence pattern of the Hemudu Culture, and rice domestication culminated
after 6,500 B.P and the beginning of rice domestication remain unclear. 相似文献
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190.