河南荥阳官庄遗址陶范物源及制作工艺分析

Guanzhuang site is located in the west of Guanzhuang Village, Gaocun Township, Xingyang City, Henan Province. From the site, more than 3 000 pottery moulds have been unearthed, with various types, including the moulds for containers, tools, chariots, weapons, money and core, etc. According to the types and decorations of pottery moulds and the characteristics of co - existing pottery, the pottery moulds of Guanzhuang site can be divided into two periods—Phase I dating from the late Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Spring and Autumn Period, and phase TJ considered between the early and middle Spring and Autumn Period. The change of bronze ware styles from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period was important in the development of ancient Chinese bronze wares. Due to the lack of archaeological data, research on pottery moulds during the two - week period was still insufficient; discussion of the important issue of standardizing the sources of raw materials was also relatively weak. Environmental archaeology has relatively mature methods and practices in depositional dynamics, depositional processes and provenance tracing, which could provide new ideas for further in - depth discussions on this issue. In order to understand the material sources and craftsmanship of pottery moulds unearthed from Guanzhuang site in Xingyang, Henan Province, samples of Guanzhuang pottery moulds and natural sedimentary strata were studied using particle size analysis, XRF and petrographic analysis to give the following results. 1) The raw materials for mould - making were taken from the late Pleistocene Malan loess layer under the cultural layer of the site. The Malan loess underwent simple manual elutriation before being used to make pottery moulds. 2) A small amount of plant ash and calcium nodule powder was added during the production process of pottery moulds as an admixture to increase the high - temperature resistance. 3) The inner side of pottery mould for container was mainly made of Malan loess, while the outer one was made of a mixture of Malan loess and river sand with a blending ratio of about 7:5. Pottery moulds for various ware types had different processing techniques (e.g., moulds for containers were more refined). Besides, compared with early pottery moulds, later ones are relatively rougher, but the difference is not obvious. 4) The petrographic characteristics of double - layer container moulds indicate that there are different production processes for the inner and outer sides of mould. The inner side was made of Malan loess with finer particles—below 100 μm—as the raw material after elutriation, and there were traces of directional trimming. The outer one was made of a mixture of two parts of minerals (coarse and fine), and there was no obvious processing trace. Analysis of sample particle size is a new attempt to discuss the material sources of pottery moulds. The related discussion of mud - clarifying ponds is also helpful to understand the function of such relics and the formation process of accumulation in them. This study has important reference significance for exploring the material and craft characteristics of pottery moulds before and after the early Spring and Autumn Period in the Central Plains. © 2023, Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology. All Rights Reserved.     

恩施州乡村旅游扶贫模式及其效应差异研究

为了回答如何判别旅游扶贫模式、旅游扶贫模式是否影响旅游扶贫效应等问题,提出了由区位—产业—文化组成的旅游扶贫资源多要素协同框架作为判别旅游扶贫模式的依据,以此为指导,利用访谈数据,将恩施州南部4县的22个旅游扶贫重点村划分为4种模式：优势景区依托模式、生态农业依托模式、民宿农家乐依托模式和民族文化依托模式。而后,利用问卷调查数据,运用方差分析法比较了不同模式扶贫村居民的旅游扶贫效应感知差异,结果发现：①不同旅游扶贫模式村居民对经济收益、经济成本、环境成本和社会成本的感知具有显著差异,说明旅游扶贫模式是影响旅游扶贫效应的因素;②与其他两种模式村相比,优势景区、生态农业依托模式村居民的旅游扶贫经济效益感知更高,同时经济、环境或社会成本感知也更高,表明旅游扶贫在带来经济效益的同时,也带来了较高的经济、环境和社会成本。最后,提出了促进民族地区旅游扶贫工作改进的对策建议。     

古代皮革劣化机理的研究

为探究古代皮革的劣化机理,以现代皮革和人工老化皮革作为古代皮革的参考样品,采用热重-傅里叶变换红外光谱(TG-FTIR)、热裂解气相色谱-质谱(Py-GC/MS)联用技术对皮革的热降解过程及其分解产物进行分析。结果表明,古代皮革与现代皮革的热降解过程类似,可分为两个阶段,第一阶段以水的挥发为主,第二阶段以胶原蛋白的热分解为主,主要发生氨基酸的脱水、脱羧、脱氨、脱氢、侧链断裂等化学反应,分解产物有水、二氧化碳、氨气、二酮哌嗪类化合物、异氰酸、氢氰酸、吡咯、甲烷等。此外,古代皮革中胶原蛋白、单宁以及脂类物质相对百分含量较现代皮革大幅降低,表明这些物质的降解或流失导致了古代皮革劣化的发生。TG-FTIR和Py-GC/MS联用技术是研究古代皮革劣化机理的有力手段,可用于量化评估古代皮革劣化程度。     

基于旅游动机的入境旅游者市场细分策略——以桂林阳朔入境旅游者为例

入境旅游市场是中国大力发展的市场,对该市场进行细分可依据多种变量,国外的相关研究证明旅游动机是非常有用的市场细分变量。本研究以桂林、阳朔的入境旅游者为例,以旅游动机为变量对中国入境旅游市场进行细分。因子分析提取出四个动机因子:梦幻/身体的、放松、文化、娱乐,其中文化动机是入境旅游者的最主要动机。以这四个动机因子为基础对入境旅游者进行K-均值聚类分析,发现存在三类具有不同主导动机的入境旅游者:放松型、需求多样型和文化型,三类旅游者在年龄、婚姻状况、国籍、旅行组织和旅行同伴等特征上存在明显差异,这些发现对旅游目的地进行针对性的市场营销,提高营销效率非常有帮助。     

产业联系与外资溢出效应——对浙江省制造业的实证研究

本文探讨水平联系、前向联系和后向联系对外商直接投资溢出效应的影响。利用浙江省制造业数据,通过实证分析发现,浙江省制造业外资总体上具有水平负向溢出效应,同时通过后向联系产生正向溢出效应。水平负向溢出效应主要是外资企业带来的激烈竞争所导致的,产业后向联系产生的正向溢出效应主要通过外资企业的本地采购发生。浙江省内资制造业企业并没有从购买外资企业中间投入品而显著提升效率。     

试论新开发旅游区的游客量预测分析

以神木县为例,探讨了在新开发旅游区的游客预测。由于缺乏长期历史数据,难以进行游客量预测。根据神木县实际情况,从定性和定量分析入手,采用引力模型、口粒子模型等方法进行预测,对公式中的变量及其参数采取类似项目比较法或专家打分等方法进行修正,最后得出神木县游客量,为同类地区旅游规划中游客量预测提供了参考。     

陕西劳动力转移与城镇化发展关系研究

从陕西劳动力结构变化及劳动力转移与城镇化相对速度的比较入手,提出了陕西劳动力转移与城镇化进程中存在的问题,并对影响陕西劳动力转移与城镇化的机制进行了实证分析,最后作出总结,得出了加快陕西城镇化良性发展和劳动力合理转移的启示。     

瓷器热释光高温峰测年的初步研究

对陕西耀州窑4个古瓷器碎片的热释光高温峰测量的结果表明,瓷器样品具有天然热释光信号,而且,其信号增长呈良好的线性,高温峰可以用于瓷器的年龄测定和真假鉴定之中,瓷器热释光高温峰技术有望成为热释光测定瓷器年龄的一个方法。     

顾客融入行为对旅游移动平台忠诚度的影响研究——以携程App为例

近期学术界和业界关于顾客融入的后果因素讨论不断,特别是忠诚度的讨论热度较高。旅游和酒店业也已开始通过管理顾客融入行为来增强顾客—品牌关系,但顾客融入行为的实证研究仍较少。文章在旅游移动平台情境下采用层级回归方法研究了顾客融入行为和平台忠诚度的关系。结果显示,顾客融入行为是包括消费性融入行为、贡献性融入行为和社交性融入行为的二阶构念;顾客融入行为可增强满意度和平台忠诚度,表明平台忠诚度可通过非交易行为的融入行为得到加强。其中,消费性融入行为的影响最强,其次是社交性融入行为,再次是贡献性融入行为;满意度在融入行为和平台忠诚度之间起部分中介作用。最后文章对旅游移动平台的运营和管理提出了一些建议。     

脆弱环境地区乡村转型适应性及发展路径优化——以甘肃民勤县为例

适应性研究是可持续性科学的重要内容之一,随着乡村可持续发展受到越来越多的关注,乡村转型适应性为传统乡村转型研究提供了新思路。本文借鉴适应性循环理论,构建乡村转型适应性理论分析框架,探讨民勤县乡村转型适应性时空演化特征及其影响因素,提出了面向乡村振兴的优化发展路径。研究结果表明:①1990—2018年乡村适应性循环经历了贫困陷阱,释放和重组三个阶段。②近30年间民勤县乡村转型适应性水平整体提升明显,空间出现分化特征,适应性水平呈现出“东北低,中部和西南部高”。③农业经济转型低效与医疗保障压力阻碍乡村恢复力提升,基础设施的完善与农业技术支持有限提升了乡村转型适应性。④未来发展中应兼顾生态治理与农业经济转型效益,加强有效农业技术应用与推广,进一步完善乡村社会保障和基础设施,加强生态宜居建设。