浅析赫勒敦史学研究中的唯物论思想因素——兼及伊斯兰文化对西欧文化的影响

在宗教世界观流行的中世纪穆斯林社会,史学研究不可避免地以历史唯心主义理论为主流。但西方伊斯兰社会出现的史学大师伊本.赫勒敦在自己的史学理论中,却较为深入广泛地体现出历史唯物论思想。这种唯物论思想在论述民族的兴衰、人民的经济活动及其与国家的关系、国家和王权产生的物质要素等各方面均有体现。他的这些唯物论思想对近代西欧的相关理论产生了不可忽视的影响。     

中国马克思主义史家论文史关系

中国马克思主义史家李大钊、郭沫若、翦伯赞、范文澜和白寿彝等从不同角度和层面对文史关系问题作了现代解答,将其内涵拓展到四个方面,即:史学与文学的学科性质及其关系、史学与文学认识(思维)形式的异同及相互关系、文史撰述的异同、史家文学性的才能和文学作品的史料价值。这些马克思主义史家的理论探讨为中国现代史学领域文史关系的发展做出了重要的理论贡献。     

四艺纹刻画彩釉陶盆与界首彩陶烧制技艺的历史渊源

界首彩陶烧制技艺于2006年5月成功入选首批国家级非物质文化遗产保护名录,随着保护和宣传力度的不断深入,对这一古老民间工艺在历史、艺术、工艺等方面价值的探索与研究,也应逐渐成为相关学术界的新课题。笔者作为一名基层文博工作者,有幸成为此项目申报的执笔人,通过此文将近年的研究偶得公之于众,希望能抛砖引玉,换来社会各界对界首彩陶烧制技艺更多的关注。     

陕西历史博物馆藏的几件唐代滑石器

在唐代慕葬发掘中,时常有一些滑石器出土。这些滑石器通常作为玉器的替代品,它们不仅色泽、质地与玉器相近,而且在装饰工艺上也与玉器相同,当中的一些甚至可以与玉器乱真。可以说这些滑石器从一定程度上是对唐代玉器的补充,本文摭选几件陕西历史博物馆所藏具有代表性的滑石器作一介绍。     

地方经济史本地化的优势与陷阱

中国经济史学者研究地方经济史始于20世纪30年代。50年代之后,研究本地特色经济史已逐渐形成一股热潮。在当前阶段,经济史中的同地研究已占主要地位,成为研究的主流。这种现象可以称之为地方经济史研究的本土化或本地化,有利于研究者发挥优势,有利于中国经济史学科的深入发展,有利于发挥经济史学的社会功能。地方经济史研究的本地化,既是中国经济史学发展到当前阶段的必然结果,也是它进一步发展的要求与动力。地方经济史研究本地化的发展为中国经济史学科的建设奠定了坚实基础,促进经济史学研究的内容更加丰富和学风更趋朴实,但在研究中也要避免由乡土情感带来的感情和理智平衡问题造成的陷阱。     

China and the United States in Africa: Coming conflict or commercial coexistence?

China and the US are two key players in the recent round of ‘scrambling’ for Africa. They compete for control over oil and other strategic resources, for markets, and for political influence. Their competition has alarmed many. This study tests the alarmist interpretations by identifying what the US and China are actually doing and to how they perceive each other's activities. Their ambitions are often considered in isolation. When laid out side by side, the extent to which their activities in Africa may overlap or clash can be seen more clearly. China and the US are seeking different things at different places in the continent and are careful not to upset one another. Their activities do not support the dire prediction. The ‘scramble for Africa’ may irritate; it is unlikely to cause direct confrontations because competition remains by and large economic and economic competition in an integrated global economy creates networks of constraints that ameliorate potential confrontation.     

Modernization And Adjustment： Case Study Of Kham Village

When talking about Tibetans, people naturally think about Tibet （Tibet Autonomous Region, which will be referred to as TAR in the following text）, but seldom realize that the Tibetan region extends far past the borders of Tibet. Based on Tibetan historical and cui tural differences, the Tibetan region of China can be divided into three major sections： Kham （khams）, Amdo and Weizang（dbus-gtsang）. Nowadays, as a result of administrative divisions, the Tibetan region belongs to different administrative areas in five provinces. Weizang includes most of today＇s Tibet Autono- mous region. Kham and Amdo are both historical conceptions, Kham lying to the east of Weizang and Amdo to the northwest. Kham and Amdo are divided into different administrative areas. Kham includes today＇s Chamdo Autonomous Prefecture （TAR）, Ganzi Autonomous Prefecture and part of Aba Autonomous prefecture （Ganzi and Aba both belong to Sichuan Province）,     

明代中国历史趋势:帝制农商社会

Majority of contemporary Chinese historians have been employing a conceptual framework focusing on the difficulty of capitalistic development in China to analyze the historical trend and potentials of late imperial China. This approach based upon the presupposition of viewing the pattern of Chinese history as abnormal reflects with the remaining influence of the Western-centric methodology. Further, based upon a “normal” point of view, seven fundamental, irreversible, and systematical changes to the Ming society could be identified. By conclusion, China in the Ming period was transforming into an imperial agric-mercantile society. This process proves that late imperial China was not stagnate society without “history,” meanwhile, its pattern of development was clearly not identical to the Western style modernization progress. __________ Translated by Chen Cheng from Dongbei Shida Xuebao 东北师大学报(Journal of Northeast Normal University), 2007, (1): 5–13     

自行车普及与近代上海社会

Taking the popularization of bicycles in modern Shanghai as an example, this article discussed the interrelationship between the development of instruments and the users by analyzing the expansion of city space, formation of the city time rhythm, changes in consumption mode of different social classes, and the competition of various transportation tools, etc. The influences on the transformation of social life in Shanghai and other cities of China were also revealed. __________ Translated by Zhou Weiwei from Shilin 史林 (Historical Review), 2007, (1): 103–113     

俄藏敦煌文献缀合四则

俄藏敦煌写卷碎片很多,其中有许多可以缀合.本文拈出四个可缀合的写卷,提供缀合后的图版,并尝试进行定名和录文,定名一律参照其他有原题的同类写卷.