西夏语“头项”词义考

以往学界认为有关西夏汉文文献中的"头项"意为"头领、首领",也是西夏的一种军事组织,这一认识并不准确。传世汉文西夏文献中的"头项"乃是"头绪、种类"等义,而西夏文文献中的"头项"则是"事宜、事项"的意思,可以用作"同位语"。同一常用词在夏汉文本中词义的不对等,说明西夏语在词义衍生的思维模式层面与汉语是不一致的。     

"老杜似孟子"阐微

杜甫在诗学艺术和儒学思想两个方面均有极高之造诣,但是其儒学思想被诗学盛名所掩,故论杜甫诗学者多而论杜甫儒学者少.本文则着重论述杜甫的儒学思想成就,尤其是杜甫对孟子思想的继承与拓展.本文认为,杜甫在精神气质方面与孟子异常相似,在他们身上都体现出狂者的精神和独立的人格.杜甫具有孟子的仁爱情怀,仁民爱物,推己及人,实现了个体与宇宙万物的和谐共存.更为重要的是,杜甫持守孟子首倡的人伦观念,试图重新调适被安史之乱打破的儒家伦常秩序,其诗歌具有重振纲常的思想史意义.     

Forty Thousand Arms for a Single Emperor: From Chemical Data to the Labor Organization Behind the Bronze Arrows of the Terracotta Army

This paper explores the integration of chemical data with metric studies and spatial analyses of archaeological artifacts to investigate questions of specialization, standardization, and production organization behind large-scale technological enterprises. The main analytical focus is placed on the 40,000 bronze arrowheads recovered with the Terracotta Army in the First Emperor’s Mausoleum, Xi’an, China. Based on the identification by portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry of chemical clusters that correspond to individual metal batches, and combined with a study of their context in the tomb complex, we argue that the manufacture of arrows was organized via a cellular production model with various multi-skilled units rather than as a single production line. This system favored more adaptable and efficient logistical organization that facilitated dynamic cross-craft interaction while maintaining remarkable degrees of standardization. We discuss the use of “the batch” as an analytical category and how our method might be applied to other studies of craft organization in complex societies and imperial systems.     

THE METOK ROAD OPEN TO TRAFFIC

Metok in Nyingchi Prefecture was the only county that did not have a road in the past. On October 31st, 2013, the Road to Metok was officially opened to the public. The opening of this road signified that now all counties in China can be accessed by road.     

Rejuvenation after encounters between different artistic forms: a synopsis of studies of indigenization of Christian art in China

Religion and art are symbiotic. The ecumenical propagation of Christianity inherently entails a mission of indigenization. Since it spread to China, Christianity has produced many renovated art forms which combined indigenization and local artistic expression on the one hand, with original religious notions and Western art on the other. This article reviews Chinese scholarship on the indigenization of Christianity in modern China and emphasizes that the renovated Chinese architecture, music, and fine art, after integrating with religious ideas and techniques, largely promoted the modern transformation and rejuvenation of traditional Chinese art.     

楠溪江流域宗族与学术高峰

在地理环境相对封闭的楠溪江流域,以血缘宗族为纽带沿江分布的古村落群,在宋代已经形成了基本的格局。发展至今,多数古村落已绵延数百年,创造出了独具特色的宗族文化。在流域宗族文化形成的同时,学术文化也迅速发展,至宋时达到高峰,出现了文化繁荣、政治显赫的时代,形成永嘉事功学派。     

灵寿故城附近发现早期直刀币

中山国灵寿故城附近最近零星发现有所谓“直刀”币①,对于探索有关问题很有帮助。现简要报道如下:1.2005年10月初,在灵寿县古城村(灵寿故城东约6华里)发现罐装钱币,内装刀币21枚,多残断。我们见到完整的9枚,通长在142—147mm之间,多为15—16g,有3枚重13—13.5g。绿锈。正面柄部均有1条线,背部平素。脊背郭线与柄部郭线上下贯通。背弧。刃部有郭(图一、图二,插二下)。详细数据见下列表格。2.2002年,在灵寿县冈北村南(灵寿故城北约2华里)发现刀币2枚(可能出自墓葬)。绿锈。一枚刃部稍残,未见郭线,柄部正面1条线,背面平素,脊背郭线与柄部郭线上…     

从文化差异到文化自觉

任何一门学科都喜欢把自己这门学科的历史追溯到很久远的时代,西方的人类学当然也不例外。甚至有人乐于将其根源追溯到古希腊的时代,以为那个时代就有了人类学思想的萌芽。不过人类学作为一个专门的学科,并有了它自己专门的名字,却是在十九世纪后半个世纪才逐渐发展起来的。这个时期人类学所研究的问题既广     

中国现代方志学发展阶段探论(下)

“化大革命”结束之后,全国拨乱反正,各项工作逐步走向正轨,百业待兴,现代方志学事业亦逐渐复苏。继而幸逢中国现代化建设发展的大好机遇,全国兴起第二次新方志编修高潮,现代方志学在此阶段获得极大的发展。现代方志学在本阶段的发展,大致可分为以下几个时期     

"中国世界秩序"观之影响及其与中国古代边疆研究--费正清《中国世界秩序:中国传统的对外关系》读后

本文概述了费正清“中国世界秩序”观及其对西方中国近代史研究的影响,认为费氏的理论在中国边疆史地研究中也有着积极意义,特别是在中华民族共同意识和共同价值观的形成以及历代边疆的治理及中国疆域的确立等方面。