穗澳两地优秀西洋近代建筑的旅游价值与开发意义

穗澳两地的优秀西洋近代建筑在很大程度上体现了两座城市的建筑风貌和鲜明个性,有着显著的历史、文化和艺术价值,是人类共同的遗产,是独特的人文景观旅游资源。对穗澳两地优秀西洋近代建筑进行旅游开发,有利于增强城市旅游业发展的后勤工作后劲。     

《明孝宗实录》编纂思想探析

《明孝宗实录》是明朝中期纂修的一部重要官修史书,其编纂方式带有资料汇编的性质。该书在诏令、奏疏的收录和人物传记的撰写及评论等方面都体现了直书实录的编纂思想,而且还首次专设"稽考参对"官以保证纂修质量。孝宗皇帝被誉为"中兴圣主",后人对其虚怀纳谏、勤于召对等事迹的传播,以及对其施政措施的借鉴主要来源于《明孝宗实录》的记载,反衬了实录纂修中垂训后世、以史资治的思想。《明孝宗实录》还是一部以帝王为中心的编年史,纂修官出于君臣之义以及现实考量,又要塑造出高大丰满的贤君形象,体现了为尊者讳的编纂思想。     

长江三峡大宁河流域的环境考古学研究

本文利用出土的考古材料及目前所见的大宁河流域环境考古研究成果,在具体分析大宁河流域人类活动与自然环境之间相互关系的基础上得出结论：大宁河流域独特的自然地理环境及其变迁使得当地各个时期的人类主要是在沿河两岸优越的自然条件中生存和发展,人类在利用环境的过程中创造并发展了各个阶段灿烂的文化,同时也在不断地影响和改造着周围的环境,周围环境的改变不可避免地又反过来影响着人类活动及其创造的文化。     

常见彩绘文物霉菌抑菌剂评价体系的构建

彩绘文物表面滋生霉菌会改变文物的颜色与外貌、破坏整体稳定性,对文物造成严重破坏。防止霉菌破坏的重要方法就是使用抑菌剂,但目前缺乏科学评价彩绘文物抑菌剂的方法体系。本研究选择异噻唑啉酮、戊唑醇等12种抑菌剂,以产黄青霉(Penicillium chrysogenum)、杂色曲霉(Aspergillus versicolor)、枝孢菌(Cladosporium sp.)、交链孢霉(Alternaria alternata)和日本曲霉(Aspergillus japonicus)五种彩绘文物常见霉菌为对象,从抑菌活性、抗药性、颜色变化、抑菌效果及其长效性等方面对抑菌剂性能进行了系统评价,并初步构建了用于彩绘文物典型病害菌防治的抑菌剂评价方法体系。实验结果表明:依据所构建的评价方法体系筛选出对上述五种常见霉菌抑菌效果良好的抑菌剂及其质量分数,即0.15%异噻唑啉酮和戊唑醇,2%苯扎氯铵、肉桂精油和克霉唑；同时,苯扎氯铵对五种霉菌抑菌效果的长效性良好；0.2%纳他霉素会引起部分颜料颜色的改变。本研究通过多项指标选择抑菌剂,所构建的霉菌抑菌剂评价体系为彩绘文物的霉菌防治提供依据,对彩绘文物保护具有重要意义。     

遥望玉树

古老而神奇的玉树玉树位于青海南部高原,境内江河纵横,山峦起伏,巍峨的昆仑山屹立于北部,可可西里山、祖尔肯山屏障于西部,唐古拉山绵亘于南部,巴颜喀拉山逶迤     

媲美刘禹锡竹枝词的大型民族风物组诗——论舒位《黔苗竹枝词》的民族史料价值与艺术特点

清中叶著名诗人舒位的大型民族风物组诗《黔苗竹枝词》五十四首,从族源、民居、语言文字、饮食、歌舞乐器、服饰、婚配、丧葬祭祀、商业工艺、社会结构等内容,对黔苗的民族风物进行了全方位的描绘和抒写,在艺术风格上典雅清丽而充满趣味,具有珍贵的民族史料价值和极高的文学艺术价值。《黔苗竹枝词》的规模、内容和艺术特点,可勘媲美刘禹锡竹枝词,产生了很大影响。     

唐苏同家族墓出土陶质彩绘天王俑胎体的科学分析

In April 2021, several exquisitely decorated figurines of Heavenly Kings were unearthed from the Tang Dynasty tombs of Su Tong's family in Xianyang, Shanxi Province. However, for each figurine, the outer side was unevenly red and black, and the center and interior of the body black, and the mechanical properties extremely poor (disintegrated by water). To scientifically restore and conserve the polychrome pottery figurines of Heavenly Kings, we carried out scientific analyses of their materials and their firing process. The composition, structure, firing temperature and mechanical properties of the figurine remnants were determined and analyzed using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, an X-ray diffractometer, a simultaneous thermal analyzer, a thermal dilatometer, an X - ray photoelectron spectrometer, a universal testing machine and a hardness tester. The experimental results show that 1) the figurines were made of fusible clay containing quartz, albite, calcite, muscovite, clinochlore and other minerals; 2) the figurines were sintered between 300 ~400 °C in an oxidizing atmosphere, the internal sintering degree being lower than that of the external surface and the uneven atmosphere leading to the differences in color among various parts of a figurine ； 3 ) the mechanical strength of the figurines was low, with a flexural strength of about 2 MPa and a hardness of 54 〜71 HD. The study provides a scientific basis for the effective conservation and reasonable preservation of the polychrome pottery figurines of Heavenly Kings and of other similar kinds of cultural relics. © 2023, Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology. All Rights Reserved.     

释殷墟卜辞中的“■”字——兼论“羑里”

殷墟甲骨卜辞中有一字,见于《甲骨文合集》(简称《合集》)和《殷墟花园庄东地甲骨划》[1](简称