穗澳两地优秀西洋近代建筑的旅游价值与开发意义

穗澳两地的优秀西洋近代建筑在很大程度上体现了两座城市的建筑风貌和鲜明个性,有着显著的历史、文化和艺术价值,是人类共同的遗产,是独特的人文景观旅游资源。对穗澳两地优秀西洋近代建筑进行旅游开发,有利于增强城市旅游业发展的后勤工作后劲。     

北京市居民通勤特征研究——基于千余份问卷调查的分析

在千余份问卷调查的基础上,对北京市4个不同居住-就业空间结构样本区进行了不同交通方式、不同样本区居民的通勤距离、时间、效率等特征比较。结果表明:公共交通是北京市居民通勤的主要方式;随着通勤距离的增加,居民最常选择的交通方式从非机动车向公交再向地铁转变;北京市居民通勤时间相比于其他国际大都市偏长;私家车通勤效率最高;换乘对交通效率有较大负影响,在大型居住-就业中心通勤流中这一问题尤为严重;职住平衡的区域较之于居住或就业中心有着相对短的通勤距离和时间,以及相对高的非机动车出行比例。     

常见彩绘文物霉菌抑菌剂评价体系的构建

彩绘文物表面滋生霉菌会改变文物的颜色与外貌、破坏整体稳定性,对文物造成严重破坏。防止霉菌破坏的重要方法就是使用抑菌剂,但目前缺乏科学评价彩绘文物抑菌剂的方法体系。本研究选择异噻唑啉酮、戊唑醇等12种抑菌剂,以产黄青霉(Penicillium chrysogenum)、杂色曲霉(Aspergillus versicolor)、枝孢菌(Cladosporium sp.)、交链孢霉(Alternaria alternata)和日本曲霉(Aspergillus japonicus)五种彩绘文物常见霉菌为对象,从抑菌活性、抗药性、颜色变化、抑菌效果及其长效性等方面对抑菌剂性能进行了系统评价,并初步构建了用于彩绘文物典型病害菌防治的抑菌剂评价方法体系。实验结果表明:依据所构建的评价方法体系筛选出对上述五种常见霉菌抑菌效果良好的抑菌剂及其质量分数,即0.15%异噻唑啉酮和戊唑醇,2%苯扎氯铵、肉桂精油和克霉唑；同时,苯扎氯铵对五种霉菌抑菌效果的长效性良好；0.2%纳他霉素会引起部分颜料颜色的改变。本研究通过多项指标选择抑菌剂,所构建的霉菌抑菌剂评价体系为彩绘文物的霉菌防治提供依据,对彩绘文物保护具有重要意义。     

遥望玉树

古老而神奇的玉树玉树位于青海南部高原,境内江河纵横,山峦起伏,巍峨的昆仑山屹立于北部,可可西里山、祖尔肯山屏障于西部,唐古拉山绵亘于南部,巴颜喀拉山逶迤     

唐苏同家族墓出土陶质彩绘天王俑胎体的科学分析

In April 2021, several exquisitely decorated figurines of Heavenly Kings were unearthed from the Tang Dynasty tombs of Su Tong's family in Xianyang, Shanxi Province. However, for each figurine, the outer side was unevenly red and black, and the center and interior of the body black, and the mechanical properties extremely poor (disintegrated by water). To scientifically restore and conserve the polychrome pottery figurines of Heavenly Kings, we carried out scientific analyses of their materials and their firing process. The composition, structure, firing temperature and mechanical properties of the figurine remnants were determined and analyzed using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, an X-ray diffractometer, a simultaneous thermal analyzer, a thermal dilatometer, an X - ray photoelectron spectrometer, a universal testing machine and a hardness tester. The experimental results show that 1) the figurines were made of fusible clay containing quartz, albite, calcite, muscovite, clinochlore and other minerals; 2) the figurines were sintered between 300 ~400 °C in an oxidizing atmosphere, the internal sintering degree being lower than that of the external surface and the uneven atmosphere leading to the differences in color among various parts of a figurine ； 3 ) the mechanical strength of the figurines was low, with a flexural strength of about 2 MPa and a hardness of 54 〜71 HD. The study provides a scientific basis for the effective conservation and reasonable preservation of the polychrome pottery figurines of Heavenly Kings and of other similar kinds of cultural relics. © 2023, Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology. All Rights Reserved.     

御赐僧格林沁祭文稿本略考

祭文是古代哀祭文的一种，在告祭神灵、祭祀天地山川、或亡者（包括往圣亲友等）时为祈福或表示哀悼之情而写，以祝祷和哀悼为主，一般在设祭时宣读。     

The evolution of maritime Chinese historiography in the United States: toward a transnational and interdisciplinary approach

ABSTRACT

Once considered a marginal side-story to the Fairbank-inspired narrative of an agrarian-centered, land-bound China, Chinese maritime history has received increasing attention in the United States as a research field in its own right. Through sustained engagement with trends in regional, comparative, military, and global histories, and dialogue with European and Asian academia, the efforts of several generations of scholars after Fairbank have slowly broken down his paradigm. Studies of maritime China are increasingly showing a broad, integrated maritime East Asian region comprising the seas and their littoral from the Sea of Japan to the Strait of Melaka. This article surveys the historiographical development of the field. It also highlights my work-in-progress on autonomous overseas Chinese polities along the Gulf of Siam littoral in mainland Southeast Asia during the eighteenth century as one possible future path for the study of maritime Chinese history.