The Lilliputian dreams: preliminary observations of nationalism in Okinawa,Taiwan and Hong Kong

This paper is a preliminary comparative analysis of three polity‐seeking nationalisms that emerged in the contiguous peripheral areas – the overlapping ‘spheres of influence’ of three contending imperial centres: Taiwan, Okinawa and Hong Kong. Specifically, it examines and compares the pattern of nation‐formation and the form, ideology and politics of nationalism in each case, and in doing so it tries to suggest a possible explanatory framework for the rise of these nationalisms. Its tentative conclusion is that the rise of nationalism in Taiwan, Okinawa and Hong Kong should be understood as a macro‐historical sociological phenomenon caused by both the short‐term penetration from centralizing colonial and geopolitical centre(s) that triggered nationalist mobilization in the periphery and the long‐term process of peripheral nation‐formation that created the social basis for mobilization. The three cases also demonstrate some other traits of anti‐centre peripheral nationalism: they all adopted a similar ideological strategy of indigeneity, and all developed a differentiation between radical and pragmatic lines characteristic of minority or peripheral nationalisms. A final observation is that while the geopolitics of states in the region is powerfully shaping the development of the three nationalisms, interactions on the societal level may over time create a counterforce from below.     

Community sustainability and resilience: similarities,differences and indicators

Sustainability has been a core conceptual framework for community development since the approach was popularized in 1987, although in its essence it reflects a long history of environmental conservation reactions to industrialization. Resilience, as a framework for understanding and approaching community development, emerged more gradually out of ecological studies in the 1980s, but has only recently, since the mid-2000s, emerged as a focus of public interest as a way of responding and adapting to the planet's growing anthropogenic changes. For many, sustainability and resilience are slightly nuanced perspectives on the same phenomenon. For others, however, there are distinct differences between them, with sustainability's conservation goals being in opposition to the adaptation goals of resilience. Two major reasons for these confusions are (1) both concepts are defined and used in many different ways to achieve a variety of political goals that may not reflect their core definitions, and (2) both concepts share similar goals and some common approaches, such as a focus on climate change and seeking a balance between humans and nature. Returning to the core definitions of conservation and adaptation helps to clarify their similarities and differences, as well as to articulate indicators for understanding how each applies to community tourism development. Indicators from research in rural Taiwan tourism communities were therefore based on responses to the questions: What does the community want to conserve and how do they want to do it (sustainability)? What do they want to change and how do they want to do it (resilience)? Preliminary results suggest that the new ideal community is the one that is both sustainable and resilient.     

Palaeoecological insights into the Changhsingian–Induan (latest Permian–earliest Triassic) bivalve fauna at Dongpan,southern Guangxi,South China

Yang, T.L., He, W.H., Zhang, K.X., Wu, S.B., Zhang, Y., Yue, M.L., Wu, H.T. & Xiao, Y.F., November 2015. Palaeoecological insights into the Changhsingian–Induan (latest Permian–earliest Triassic) bivalve fauna at Dongpan, southern Guangxi, South China. Alcheringa 40, xxx–xxx. ISSN 0311-5518.

The Talung Formation (latest Permian) and basal part of Luolou Formation (earliest Triassic) of the Dongpan section have yielded 30 bivalve species in 17 genera. Eight genera incorporating 11 species are systematically described herein, including three new species: Nuculopsis guangxiensis, Parallelodon changhsingensis and Palaeolima fangi. Two assemblages are recognized, i.e., the Hunanopecten exilis–Euchondria fusuiensis assemblage from the Talung Formation and the Claraia dieneri–Claraia griesbachi assemblage from the Luolou Formation. The former is characterized by abundant Euchondria fusuiensis, an endemic species, associated with other common genera, such as Hunanopecten, which make it unique from coeval assemblages of South China. A palaeoecological analysis indicates that the Changhsingian bivalve assemblage at Dongpan is diverse and represented by various life habits characteristic of a complex ecosystem. This also suggests that redox conditions were oxic to suboxic in deep marine environments of the southernmost Yangtze Basin during the late Changhsingian, although several episodes of anoxic perturbations and declines in palaeoproductivity saw deterioratation of local habitats and altered the taxonomic composition or population size of the bivalve fauna.

Tinglu Yang [yang@geology.so], School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Hongshan, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Weihong He* [whzhang@cug.edu.cn] and Kexin Zhang [kx_zhang@cug.edu.cn], State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Hongshan, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Shunbao Wu [shbwu@cug.edu.cn], Yang Zhang [zhangy05@163.com], Mingliang Yue [812182779@qq.com], Huiting Wu [ht_wu415@163.com] and Yifan Xiao [shadowyi@sohu.com], School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Hongshan, Wuhan 430074, PR China.     

Craniofacial variation between southern and northern Neolithic and Modern Chinese

Previous studies propose that the Yangtze River is the geographic boundary separating northern and southern Chinese populations. In order to test this hypothesis, 19 Neolithic and 15 Modern human cranial samples from north of the Qinling Mountain Range, south of the Yangtze River and in between were chosen for morphometric analysis. Our results indicate that cranial variation exists in Holocene Neolithic and Modern northern and southern Chinese. In the Neolithic sample, the northern Chinese crania are characterised by greater upper face height and orbit height, while the southern Chinese skulls are depicted by a wider nose. The morphology of the crania between the Qinling Mountain range and the Yangtze River feature a mosaic of characters that suggest affiliation with both north and south groups. In the Modern day sample, northern crania are characterised by a broad and wide face, and a tall nose. From the Neolithic to Modern day, a series of microevolutionary processes that apply to both the northern and southern samples can be discerned. Overall, the head gets lower, the face and nose become narrower and the orbits tend to be narrower and higher. Our results support the suggestion that the Qinling Mountain Range and the Yangtze River represent a natural barrier to the movement of Chinese populations. Climatic variation and the transition to an agricultural lifestyle are proposed as the primary factors influencing human craniofacial morphologies. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

三维激光扫描技术在安岳圆觉洞10号龛保护中的应用

圆觉洞石刻区10号龛是安岳石窟最精美的龛窟之一。本文介绍了三维扫描技术在圆觉洞10号龛的应用流程,主要包括三维数据采集,纹理信息采集。通过数据处理加工,获得照片般逼真纹理的仿真三维石窟模型。该模型可以用于圆觉洞10号龛保护性窟檐的设计等工作。     

彩虹飞架南北 文化沟通两地——长城·义乌文化对接侧记

义乌兵南抗倭、北抗虏历史功绩凿凿,参与明长城,特别是山海关老龙头入海长城的修建,是义乌兵的历史贡献,更是义乌人的骄傲。尔后,义乌兵世代根植长城脚下,瓜瓞延绵,乃成群落,趁第二轮修志,《义乌市志》编辑部组织的＂重走义乌兵戍边路,义乌兵后裔桑梓行＂活动,使400多年文化予以对接,并成为南北经济文化交流的平台。同时,两地亲情,历久弥坚,成为激发两地经济文化发展的动力之源和精神支柱。在新的历史条件下,如何进一步发扬传统,使方志资源为现实服务,实施文史搭台、经济唱戏,探索政府修志与社会参与的良性互动机制,是值得探讨的课题。     

(虎斤)簋考

(虎斤)簋是一件册命类型的铭文,作器者(虎斤)、师■及(虎斤)的父亲欨父,都是首次出现的人物,所赐的"銮■"也是前所未见的一种旗帜,对于研究西周史增添了不少新资料,特别是铭文的纪年,年、月、日、月相四要素俱全,这对于西周青铜器断代研究也有一定的意义。     

欧亚草原东部的考古发现与斯基泰的早期历史文化

新疆的考古材料对探讨斯基泰的来源和早期斯基泰文化同欧亚草原东部地区的关系等问题有重要意义。新疆及其周边地区在斯基泰西迁之前已经和丰提克地区有互动关系,三道海子文化在其中起了主要作用,其扩张也是斯基泰西迁的主要原因。斯基泰西迁后,欧亚草原进入以游牧为主要经济方式的时代。     

乌尔第三王朝贡牲中心档案中的“酒宴用牲”研究

乌尔第三王朝为了方便献祭,建立了一个负责接收和支出各地贡入牲畜的贡牲中心。诸多宗教活动中有一项重要祭祀"酒宴祭祀牲",本文根据有关"酒宴贡牲"的原始文献,对这类贡牲的种类、来源、用途以及管理做了详尽研究;酒宴贡牲主要来自苏美尔各城的总督主祭月用牲,但圣城尼普尔的总督和边疆大员们没有主祭月,酒宴是他们的主要献祭活动之一,尼普尔总督和王室成员的酒宴贡牲有一个固定的标准。王室以轮值权的名义给予各城在尼普尔的的主祭权(包括酒宴祭祀),表明这是一个城邦联盟制国家。     

被误置的经典：颜真卿《颜勤礼碑》辨伪

《颜勤礼碑》（又称《颜勤礼神道碑》、《夔州都督府长史颜勤礼碑》,全称《秘书省著作郎夔州部督长史上护军颜公神道碑》）,乃唐代大书家颜真卿为其曾祖颜勤礼所撰立,曾经宋人著录,其后则湮没无闻。民国十一年此碑重经发现,现藏西安碑林（图1）。