“Make Hell While the Sun Shines”: Proverbial Rhetoric in Winston Churchill's The Second World War

M.M. Bakhtin's social construction of Renaissance carnivals, and his views on carnival in general, encounter trouble when tested against a presentday enactment, the Cajun country Courir de Mardi Gras, a processional begging ritual celebrated in southern Louisiana. The living festival reveals structures missing from Bakhtin's élite sources and consequently from his writings: structures that articulate the folk community's autonomous values and cooperative survival strategies. As long as literary studies based on Bakhtin find in carnival only that which opposes élite culture, they will fail to recognise the dimensions of community selfcelebration and self-definition essential to many folk festivals.     

Eric Voegelin's New Perspectives on History and Experience: A Paradigm Shift

ABSTRACT

The article outlines Eric Voegelin's paradigm shift in his theory of history and experience to show how it has developed in several stages and through a number of revisions, shedding light on the historical and ideological backdrops of his theoretical endeavors. This also provides an introduction to the basic ideas and the methodological principles of Voegelin's approach.     

Geographischer und astrologischer Zonenbegriff in der Antike

The five (or seven) zones are treated during Greek‐Roman antiquity in geography and theoretical astrology as well. Although there is no use of them in astrological prognostication, they occur in the ascending scale of the twelve planetary houses. The common planetary order (moon ‐ Mercury ‐Venus ‐ sun ‐ Mars ‐ Jupiter ‐ Saturn) owes its widespread success primarily to its symmetry on both sides of the central sun, but the twofold vertical mesotes‐pattern in the heaven seems to be invented according to the horizontal symmetry of the five geographical zones surrounding the terrestrial equator.     

‘The second coming of the Lord’: early christianization,episodic time,and the cultural construction of continuity in Sibog

The conversion to Christianity in Melanesia has often been accompanied by the expectation of an imminent millennium. The expectation of a comprehensive and almost immediate transformation could be read as an expression of a cultural concept which sees real change as an occurrence premised on discontinuity and resulting in the total transformation of society. In reconsidering a millenarian movement among the Ngaing around 1930, I suggest that, in this concept of change, a cultural schema is manifested that has durability over time. Expectations aroused and actions undertaken during early Christianization have been influenced by this concept as have Sibog reflections on these past events, with their stressing of continuity in certain cultural domains.