An analytical study of the composition of Roman coarse wares from the fort of Bryn y Gefeiliau (caer llugwy) in Snowdonia

The results of typological, petrographic, heavy mineral and trace element analyses are presented and discussed for 11 potsherds from the Roman fort at Bryn y Gefeiliau, Snowdonia. Each analytical technique was found to have its limitations and advantages, but the combined results provided a satisfactory basis for the grouping of the sherds, and also information concerning the provenances of the component materials. Certain sherds contained constituents compatible with a Snowdonian source whilst others contained materials of extraneous origin. The archaeological implications of these results are discussed, in particular the possibility that there was transport of unworked clay as well as finished pots into Snowdonia.     

跨国移民的地方感研究：以在穗非洲移民为例

本文从“地方感”这一核心概念出发，采用问卷调查、参与式观察和访谈等综合研究方法，系统地评估了在穗非洲移民对广州的城市感知特征及其内在机制。基于研究提出的五维地方感评价体系，本文得到主要结论如下：①在穗非洲移民对广州地方感的五个维度的评价中，呈现出“地方满意度>地方依赖>地方信任>地方依恋>地方认同”的总体特征；②在穗非洲移民的积极地方感主要是通过广州的物质和资源环境构建起来的；③在穗非洲移民的消极地方感则主要是通过地方信任、地方认同和地方依恋等精神维度的交流形成的；④在穗非洲移民地方感的形成路径有积极地方感和消极地方感的区别，但是它们之间的边界并不是很明显，有比较强的流变性。本文从研究对象、研究内容和研究方法上对中国的跨国移民及其地方感研究进行了拓展，为我国城市规划和建设提供一定的借鉴价值。     

The contribution of Sir Alan Wilson to spatial interaction and transport modelling

ABSTRACT

In a series of papers in the mid-1960s and early 70s, building on his key 1967 paper, Alan Wilson made a series of fundamental contributions to the specification and application of land-use transport models. In this paper the basis of his entropy-maximizing approach to spatial distribution models is outlined with a demonstration that the methods have applications very much beyond its transport roots. The entropy maximization method laid the foundations for the development of a range of multinomial logit share models. He expanded the core transport ideas to the whole range of comprehensive models, initially building on, and extending, Lowry's iconic Pittsburgh model. The factors that have sustained the longevity of Wilson's models are explored and articulated.     

Debitage variability among multiple flint knappers

Five flint knappers produced both multidirectional cores and early stage bifaces. The debitage assemblages were compared to evaluate if, and to what degree, the debitage created by one flint knapper varies from that of other flint knappers. The debitage from these reduction episodes was then analyzed with commonly used and replicable debitage attributes. Each knapper was evaluated in terms of his/her individual consistency, and the debitage produced was tested for each ratio scale debitage attribute to ensure that the variability found between knappers was not a product of variation within the assemblages of the individual knappers. The debitage from the individual flint knappers was found to be highly variable between knappers for both technologies.