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21.
晚清知识层存在明显风尚差异,概括起来就是“锢蔽者自锢蔽,开通者自开通”.传统士人和新知识分子在相同的时代背景下表现出两种截然不同的话语体系,其差异的产生概因商品经济发展的不同步、风尚地域差异的存在、与西方文化的亲疏、新旧职业的影响、新知与旧学的结构不同而不同.知识层的风尚差异造成统治阶层的分化和一部分知识分子的边缘化,其影响一直持续到民国年间. 相似文献
22.
Zhangqiaochu Yang Qiang Zhang Chao Zhu Yuni Xiao Bo Sun Wen Zeng Lin Guo Zhixing Yi Rong Fan Yongsheng Zhao 《International Journal of Osteoarchaeology》2023,33(2):297-314
Jar burial is a particular burial practice generally used in the Neolithic period of China. However, the rarity of finding prenatal individuals limits the ability to study their treatment in jar burial contexts. In this paper, to study the postmortem treatment of this specific age further, we focus on three jar burials of infant individuals excavated in 2021 at the Gangshang site in China, where the skeletal remains were relatively well preserved. The skeletal remains of three well-preserved individuals are presented into inverted ceramic tripods near the residential area and with a crouched posture. In terms of this condition, we apply the osteometric method to estimate the range and mean of age at death for each individual investigated. Meanwhile, we use micro-computed tomography (CT) scans to help judge the degree of microbial bioerosion. Besides, histological analysis on skeletal remains combined with the Oxford Histological Index (OHI) assessment allows us to estimate the developmental stage at the time of death by analyzing the results of micro-CT scans. By using osteometric methods, the results show that the gestational age of the three individuals is 22–26, 24–28, and 22–26 weeks, respectively. The results of the micro-CT scans indicate that all three fetuses died shortly after birth, or had died in their mother's uterus before birth, with the OHI score of 5. Moreover, we indeed observe infant skeleton remains with no bacterial bioerosion, indicating that it is effective using this method to judge the developmental stage at the time of death with a specific taphonomic environment in the Gangshang site of the Dawenkou culture period. Combined with the placement of the jars in which the three infants were buried, it is believed that this unique placement method was intentional and specific to the infant deaths. These results are instructive for exploring the postmortem treatment of dead infants by ancient residents of the Dawenkou culture period (4200 bc –2600 bc ) in Shandong Province, China, and the significance and possible causes of the unique burial type. 相似文献
23.
Zhijie Jiang Jiayuan Yu Yingying Jin Anthony Ginn Jianjun Chen Guodong Sun 《Geography Compass》2023,17(1):e12670
The rise of Artificial intelligence (AI) heralds potentially profound impact on the Chinese calligraphic landscape (CCL). Considering AI's increasing agential capacities, the anthropocentric conception of CCL that presupposes the priority of human identities, emotion, and creative work has been challenged. However, geographers remain quiet about AI-induced transformations up to date. To fill the research gap, this paper seeks to infuse more-than-human geographies into CCL. By taking a post-human approach, cultural geographers would have a novel understanding of human being in the creation of CCL. This paper initially discusses three prominent changes brought by deep learning (DL) in such landscape: a new ontological actor, transitory, and represented space. Responding to these transformations, the paper reconceptualizes the CCL as a post human term and unravels socio-spatial practices and diverse more-than-human geographies beneath such landscapes through three recent foci, namely robotic approaches to the CCL via DL, modeling experience brought about by AI, and human-AI collaboration for the creation of the CCL. Ultimately, this paper inspires geographers to profoundly comprehend CCLs in an era of AI. Through all these attempts, this paper advances insights into CCLs as more-than-humans-made. 相似文献
24.
The study implements the performance-based analysis and design methodology to assess the seismic vulnerability of a coal-fired power plant and to optimally design its equivalent pendulum-type tuned mass damper system such that the direct losses are minimized. A building-specific total loss ratio is developed to link the component level losses with the total repair cost of the original structure. The optimal system configuration is finally derived for cases with the minimum loss. The study demonstrates a systematic way of achieving the optimal pendulum-type tuned mass damper design with considerations of uncertainties in earthquake inputs and the combined component level damages. 相似文献
25.
Cities offer a large menu of possible employment and leisure opportunities. The gains from such consumer city leisure are likely to be lower on more polluted days. We study the association between daily consumption activity and outdoor air pollution in China and find evidence in favor of the hypothesis that clean air and leaving one's home for leisure trips are complements. Given the high levels of air pollution in cities in the developing world, regulation induced improvement in environmental quality is likely to further stimulate demand for the consumer city. 相似文献
26.
Lulu Zhang Jingjing Zang Yuhong Wang Liguang Sun 《Interdisciplinary science reviews : ISR》2019,44(3-4):387-401
ABSTRACTAlong with its modernization process, China has developed many interests in polar ecology and has connected the significance of the Antarctic and Arctic to its national interests. We present an in-depth analysis and assessment of the state of the art of China’s polar research from following points of view, mechanism of policy making on polar affairs, science diplomacy and polar governance, on-spot research expedition management, allocation of scientific funds, forming polar scientific team, especially on the management system of CHINARE. From an integrated perspective of social and natural sciences, we present a vision for future reform and development of polar affairs of China: to establish a macro and long term policy for the polar regions, to promote and establish a government-led, diversified polar scientific management system, to establish a reasonable and rule based evaluation system, to train, stabilize and expand polar scientific research teams, and to attract and encourage talents for polar science communication. 相似文献
27.
Spatial inequality refers to unequal access to local public services between high‐ and low‐income households in relation to their residential locations. We examine two hypotheses regarding the role of income sorting and land‐use conditions in shaping spatial inequality in Chinese cities, where residents have little direct influence on local public service provision. First, in the presence of resource indivisibility, travel cost, and location‐based rationing, scarcity of public‐service resources in a city makes access to public services more uneven across neighborhoods, thus exacerbating income sorting and spatial inequality in the city. Second, the exacerbating effect of resource scarcity is mitigated by land‐use conditions that limit income sorting. Estimates of willingness to pay by households of different income levels for public‐service resources across cities corroborate both the exacerbating effect of resource scarcity and the mitigating effect of inclusive land‐use conditions. 相似文献
28.
Lead isotope compositions provide a direct means of assessing provenance. The lead contents in bronzes cannot be used to argue against lead isotopes. Any claim for the origin of the source material for the origin of Yin‐Shang bronzes must satisfy the measured lead isotope compositions. Thus far, only southern African sources are found to meet this criteria. 相似文献
29.
K. L. Cheng H. Shao D. Zhao B. T. Sun J. Yu Z. C. Sun M. C. Li L. Guo H. Zhu Q. C. Zhang Y. H. Huang 《Archaeometry》2018,60(1):171-182
A human skull, buried about 2500 years ago in a Bronze Age cemetery at Jinggouzi, a site of an important ethnic group in ancient China, appeared to have characteristics of fibrous dysplasia. The CT images indicated a reduction in bone density and relatively homogeneous lesions. More features were revealed using CT reconstruction techniques. Lesions seen in low‐magnification images using a 3D deep‐field microscope had an irregular honeycomb‐like structure. At higher magnification, the trabeculae morphology and the gaps between the trabeculae were irregular and varied in size and shape. Paraffin‐embedded specimens stained with HE showed trabeculae with tortuous irregular arrangements varying in shape and width. The irregular trabeculae of woven bone has been described as having fibrous dysplasia. Molecular analysis of the GNAS gene indicated no mutation. This provides a non‐invasive approach for us to make more comprehensive diagnoses and to assist research into ancient human diseases. 相似文献
30.
乡镇志是记载乡镇当时的历史、文化、经济的重要文献载体,是明清江浙等地经济文化兴盛时期的特殊产物,因其体例等有别于官修志书,所蕴藏的大量人文经济史料,更具地域特色。然而长期以来,乡镇志未受到研究者的重视与利用。鉴于其潜在的资料文献价值,本文认为必须重视乡镇志的开发与利用,系统发掘其内在的人文、经济资源价值。 相似文献