西周至春秋时期楚国的采邑制与地方政治体制

本文通过对西周至春秋时期见于史载的楚国的封地和采邑的梳理,认为在西周至春秋中前期,楚国的采邑制发展一直较为缓慢,而在春秋中后期,由于不同楚王所施行政策的差异,造成了楚国地方政治体制的剧烈变动,采邑数量因此显著增多,并表现出新的发展趋势和特点.     

科技考古与文物科技保护知识图谱初探

本工作对五本国际期刊中10768篇样本数据的产出与分布情况进行了统计分析,并通过VosViewer软件开展了研究机构、作者群、关键词的知识图谱分析,展现了国际科技考古与文物科技保护领域科学知识的主题范围、结构关系。在此基础上,提出了中国文化遗产保护学科知识体系的构建思路。     

古代钢铁制品夹杂物研究述评

现代钢铁冶炼流程中“夹杂物”概念及应用对古代钢铁材料工艺研究提供了有力的支持,夹杂物分析研究成为冶铁考古研究中不可或缺的一部分。本文梳理了不同古代金属冶炼与加工工艺下夹杂物的来源,并对古代夹杂物的表征方法进行归纳,进一步将夹杂物分析在国内外冶铁考古中的应用进行评述。西方学者的夹杂物研究侧重于以成分特征为主要对象进行定量统计分析,形成夹杂物判别产地来源方法；而我国学者则依靠定性判断方法建立起夹杂物辅助铁质文物工艺判别方法。当前古代钢铁制品夹杂物研究存在的问题主要为分析方法单一、对夹杂物包含信息的挖掘不够深入,今后可利用现代冶金分析手段从多方面了解古代钢铁制品夹杂物特征,为后续解决考古学问题打下基础。     

Identification of organic materials in icons of the Cretan School of iconography

The Cretan School of iconography is the last great flowering of the traditional Byzantine painting manner, which is however influenced by different schools and western art. Despite their historical significance, icons of the Cretan School have been rarely studied through modern chemical techniques and therefore very few information is available on the materials used by the Cretan painters. In the present investigation, the organic materials contained in several icons of the Cretan School of Iconography from the collection of the Benaki Museum, Athens, Greece, are analyzed and identified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to a Diode Array Detector (HPLC–DAD) and Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS).The HPLC–DAD results provide support to a recently published report which showed that kermes used in “Cretan” icons of 15th century and early 16th century was replaced by cochineal which was used in icons dated after early 16th century. This trend is known for western art and it is now proved for Cretan icons, showing thus the influence of the Cretan painters by other European painting schools. Other dyes detected in the historical samples, extracted from Cretan icons are madder (possibly Rubia tinctorum L., according to HPLC profiles) and indigoid dyes. Oils, such as linseed and walnut oil, are identified in samples extracted from the seven icons tested by GC–MS. Egg yolk is identified in the extract of only one icon and animal glue, originated most likely from the gesso ground, is found in six samples. Other organic materials detected by GC–MS were wax, as well as synthetic resins, applied during conservation treatments.     

芷兰斋书跋赵元方题识《宋艳》十二卷

辛卯年秋拍期间，有三家拍场公司同时出现赵元方旧藏之本，看来是同出一源者，赵元方旧藏吾本已备，然预展时前往翰海翻看原物时，见有光绪十七年蝶园刻本《宋艳》十二卷，一函六册，其中四册封面上有朱笔题识，鲜艳可喜，遂与众藏家逐鹿，是书以一万二起拍，最后以四万落槌归吾囊中。     

秦始皇时代佛教已传入中国考

佛教传入中国的时间,学术界多数认为是在汉明帝时,但是这种说法是不对的.<史记·秦始皇本纪>有"禁不得祠"的记载, "不得"当为佛陀之音译,佛祠者即佛寺.始皇下令禁止,足见佛教在当时社会的普及.因此,我们应把佛教传入的时间修正为秦始皇时代.考古资料也证明,秦成阳、汉长安地区与印、欧存在"先丝路"的交往,使佛教在秦始皇时代传入中国成为可能.     

清朝捐监制度及其影响

捐监就是捐出身,即平民或生员通过出资报捐取得最高学府--国子监肄业的文凭。虽然它不象捐纳实职那样直接得官,但是在清朝,要想捐纳官职,其前提就是必须具备贡、监生的资格,捐监就成为有钱有势的豪家子弟猎取功名富贵的起点和捷径。在它实行的二百多年的时间里,虽然它对解决清政府的财政危机、缓解士人进阶的压力方面起到了积极作用,但是对清朝的科举制度、社会风气都产生了消极的影响。     

CONSUMING THE TOURIST GAZE: IMAGINATIVE GEOGRAPHIES AND THE REPRODUCTION OF SEXUALITY IN LUGU LAKE

Imaginative geographies engage with the understanding and experiencing of place and place‐based social and cultural specificities through a process of re‐creation and reproduction. In this article, we explore the imaginative geographies of Lugu Lake, a tourist destination in China's Yunnan Province, and of the Mosuo people, the local minority which practices a unique marriage system. We investigate how Mosuo society has been imagined in popular discourses and representations through two cultural labels: matriarchy and free sex. We also discuss how the imaginative geographies of Lugu Lake have restructured the encounters between the local people, especially the young men, and the incoming tourists in the context of tourism development. We interrogate the complex processes of identity formation in which both the tourists and the indigenous people renegotiate and reconstruct their cultural identities within various inside–outside connections and interactions. Our central argument is that the sex encounters between tourists and the local Mosuo are conditioned by popular imaginative geographies of the sexual practices of the Mosuo. But the encounter in tourism between the gazer and the gazed also accommodates complex identity formations and the renegotiation of social relations. The empirical observations are twofold: first, the locality of Lugu Lake has been reproduced with folk and tourist imaginative geographies into an erotic frontier of free sex; second, we also argue that the geographical imagination in this case is a reciprocal process which involves the local Mosuo's renegotiation of place‐based identity, in a pursuit of imagined progress and modernity.     

马王堆帛书《春秋事语》性质论略

学界一般认为马王堆帛书本《春秋事语》与《左传》接近。然种种迹象表明,帛书《春秋事语》与《国语》编撰主旨和撰构手法不惟形似,亦具有神似之处。帛书本《春秋事语》极有可能是古本《国语》的一种选本。这样的推断,除了二者之间的相似性以外,还有史学史上的案例可以参考;其他出土材料的发现也为此提供了旁证。考察这一问题,对重新认识作为一种体裁的"语"及其流传具有一定的参考价值。