太平洋国际学会与东北问题——中、日学会的交锋

太平洋国际学会是第一次世界大战后由亚太地区民间团体组成的一个旨在维护国际秩序的非政府组织.20世纪20年代末30年代初,该组织分别召开京都会议和上海会议,就中国东北问题进行了激烈论争.日本学会从狭隘的民族主义出发,遏制中国学会的积极活动,为日本的侵略政策辩解,并为之提供"理论依据",成为日本政府的御用工具.中国学会为维护民族独立和国家主权,有理、有利、有节地与其进行了针锋相对的斗争,使会议成为"无硝烟的战场"和中日国联大论战的预演.会议虽未就东北问题达成共识,但对国际舆论产生了重要影响.     

达斡尔族民间节日及其特色

达斡尔族主要分布于内蒙古自治区、黑龙江省和新疆维吾尔自治区.据2000年第五次人口普查统计,其人口有13.2万多人.在长期的社会历史发展进程中,受生产生活、人文环境、社会经济因素等方面的影响,达斡尔族的民间节日与其它传统文化一样,不可避免地发生了某种程度的变异.在此,我们对达斡尔族民间节日的内涵及特色,作一介绍.     

接近与嫡系心智模式是旅行社增强竞争力的主要障碍

心智模决定人们的思维方式和行为习惯。章认为接近与嫡系不良心智模式是旅行社增强竞争力的主要障碍。旅行社应积极倡导学习与效益型的心智模式。     

杭州老虎洞瓷窑遗址对研究官、哥窑的启示

本文通过对杭州老虎洞瓷窑遗址发掘材料的考察,对比杭州乌龟山宋代郊坛下官窑材料,并结合有关的文献记载和宋元时期的官手工业及官府窑业制度,论证了老虎洞修内司窑的烧造下限当延伸到南宋中叶以后,同时考定传世的哥窑瓷器当是元代设在杭州老虎洞、宋修内司窑址故地的官府窑场的产品。     

张星烺先生对中西交通史研究的学术贡献

张星先生是我国中西交通史研究的奠基人之一。本文从五个方面论述了张星对中西交通史研究的学术贡献。张星收集整理汉文资料 ,翻译介绍外文文献 ,介绍西方东方学成就 ,开辟新的研究领域等工作 ,极大地推动了我国中西交通史的研究。     

《中国宝卷总目》补遗

一、《中国宝卷总目》的体例及贡献 车锡伦先生主要依个人之力,赖友朋之助,穷十五年之光阴,编出了《中国宝卷总目》(为论述方便,以下均称车目)这样一部煌煌巨著,实乃研究宝卷者之梯航,裨益学界不浅,可谓厥功甚伟.车目在以往学者宝卷编目的基础上广事搜求,收罗宏富,共著录了中国国内和海外公私收藏的宝卷1579种,版本5000余种,宝卷异名1000余种.     

古代目录中史部故事类到政书类的演变

故事本意系指旧事,司马迁继承其父遗愿时曾表示:"请悉论先人所次旧闻,弗敢阙."以后又曰:"余所谓述故事,整齐其世传,非所谓作也."①从对旧事的引录叙述,渐指旧日事例及前朝的典章制度,《汉书·楚元王传附刘向传》:"是时,宣王循武帝故事,招名儒俊材置左右."又《汉书·苏武传》:"卫将军张安世荐(苏)武明习故事,奉使不辱使命."故事意指典章制度,史志中一直沿用至明代.     

试论重庆万州中坝子遗址夏商周时期文化遗存

万州中坝子遗址是三峡地区一处以商周时期化为主的重要遗存。经过近年来的发掘,清理出商周时期的灰坑、墓葬、水田等多处遗迹现象,同时获得一大批陶、石、骨、铜器等遗物。根据陶器组合及型式变化和地层关系,本将中坝子遗址商周时期化遗存分为二期四段。通过对比,其年代与鄂西地区的中堡岛三期类型、川西地区的三星堆二期化大致相当。另外,因中坝子遗址位于古代巴人活动的中心区域,对该遗址的研究也为探索早期巴化提供了十分重要的资料。     

二十世纪有关纸的考古发现不能否定蔡伦发明造纸术（1）

近几十年来,我国考古工作曾先后在一些西汉遗址和墓葬中发现了若干纸状残片,于是引起国内外许多学和广大人民的关注和提出疑问。是否蔡伦前约二百年就有了纸?造纸术还是不是蔡伦发明的?新发掘的纸状物到底是个什么样?经对历次的发掘作了详细的调查研究和分析化验,结论认为：20世纪有关纸的考古发现不能否定蔡伦发明造纸术。     

Reconstructing subsistence at the Yingpanshan and Gaoshan sites in Sichuan province,China: Insights from isotope analysis on bone samples and charred crop remains

During the Neolithic period, the Chengdu Plain was a key region where two important crops, rice and millet, were cultivated together. Millet was probably introduced from north-western China c.3500–3300 cal. bce , and rice came from the Middle Yangtze River c.2600 cal. bce . In this study, human and faunal remains, as well as charred crop grains, were collected from the Yingpanshan (3300–2600 cal. bce ) and Gaoshan (2500–2000 cal. bce ) sites where the dominant crop was millet and rice, respectively. Carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses were conducted on human bones and the ecofact samples in order to reconstruct the subsistence at the sites. The results indicate that the diets of two individuals recovered from the Yingpanshan site consisted of both C₃- and C₄-based foods, predominantly the former. By contrast, Yingpanshan pigs consumed a large quantity of C₄ fodder. This result, combined with the ecofact evidence, suggests that millet was the main crop at the Yingpanshan site. It also highlights the fact that the two Yingpanshan individuals might be non-locals and/or belonged to later periods. On the other hand, the diet of the Gaoshan community was dominated by C₃-based foods. When considering the archaeobotanical evidence at Baodun, a site contemporaneous with and near to the Gaoshan site, it can be stated that rice was an important food resource for the Gaoshan community. This study also suggests how crops were managed at the two sites. The Yingpanshan people might have used manure for growing millet. Both manuring and irrigation might have also been practised by Gaoshan's rice farmers. However, more studies are required to understand the extent of manuring and irrigation in their agricultural economies.