建设镇村风物地情馆 打造乡情文化新名片——“海安:故乡风物地情馆”项目实施报告

随着乡村振兴步伐的加快,城乡建设进入跨越式发展阶段,构成人们乡愁记忆的无数故乡传统和风物风习也在逐渐消失和淡化。海安市委史志工委鼓励并指导镇村挖掘利用地情文化资源,创新打造"让城市留住记忆,让人们记住乡愁"的系列地情馆,发挥地情文化的社会效益,形成地方文化自信,为处理继承与发展关系,让历史文化和现代生活融为一体,进而推动地区经济社会发展做出了有益探索。"海安:故乡风物地情馆"项目入选2019年江苏省地方志工作十大创新项目。     

唐玉门关地望新探——基于历史文献与考古遗存互证

在实地调查的基础上,根据传世典籍和出土文献的记载,结合年代测定、考古发现和遥感影像资料,通过空间分析,作者认为唐玉门关和墨离军驻地应在河西走廊西段的常乐故城,即今瓜州县“六工古城”遗址。这里是丝绸之路的交通枢纽,是西域出入口的重要关卡,亦即北魏时期新开伊吾道的起首。唐代玉门关地处疏勒河和榆林河下游洪积冲积扇缘的古绿洲,地貌和水资源等地理环境因素是制约关城选址的基础条件,而政治、军事等人文地理因素则是决定玉门关时空变迁的关键。     

清代新疆冰岭道建置考

冰岭道作为乾隆平回之后为屯田伊犁而设的首条官方台路,其重要性自不待言。然而,长期以来,学界对这一问题的研究却较为缺乏。近年来,虽有学者对冰岭道做了专门探讨,但对于此路最为重要且变化最为剧烈的建置初期的情形,却由于汉文史料的匮乏而论述简略,考证失实。有鉴于此,本文在吸收前人经验的基础上,充分利用满汉文史料,对冰岭道的建置情形进行了考察。首先,证实了冰岭道建置初期并非仅有两阶段,而是有着层次分明的三个阶段。其次,对三阶段中所设台站的兴废增减进行了梳理,并阐明其调整过程不仅反映了台站职能的变化,更体现了清廷对新疆统治思想的变迁。最后,考证出伊犁驻防建设初期,伊犁地区与外界沟通的官方台路仅有冰岭道一条。     

现代中国地方主义的政治解读

“地方主义”一词,20世纪20年代初在中国出现,其后至今被较多地使用;中外关于地方主义的阐释也颇为复杂;依据这些阐释和对“地方主义”一词的解构,结合现代中国的实际,地方主义的内涵应是地方心理观念、地方政治意识、地方政治行为及其思维和行为模式这样一个结构。关于现代中国地方主义的界定,国家的基本法律制度和政治制度应是基本标准;中央政策是一个重要标准;国家的政治传统是一个参照的方面。界定的立足点应在于：它必须出自地方,是地方的意识和行为;它的基本方面是地方对中央;它的本质是地方同中央争权夺利。     

试论重庆万州中坝子遗址夏商周时期文化遗存

万州中坝子遗址是三峡地区一处以商周时期化为主的重要遗存。经过近年来的发掘,清理出商周时期的灰坑、墓葬、水田等多处遗迹现象,同时获得一大批陶、石、骨、铜器等遗物。根据陶器组合及型式变化和地层关系,本将中坝子遗址商周时期化遗存分为二期四段。通过对比,其年代与鄂西地区的中堡岛三期类型、川西地区的三星堆二期化大致相当。另外,因中坝子遗址位于古代巴人活动的中心区域,对该遗址的研究也为探索早期巴化提供了十分重要的资料。     

张星烺先生对中西交通史研究的学术贡献

张星先生是我国中西交通史研究的奠基人之一。本文从五个方面论述了张星对中西交通史研究的学术贡献。张星收集整理汉文资料 ,翻译介绍外文文献 ,介绍西方东方学成就 ,开辟新的研究领域等工作 ,极大地推动了我国中西交通史的研究。     

杭州老虎洞瓷窑遗址对研究官、哥窑的启示

本文通过对杭州老虎洞瓷窑遗址发掘材料的考察,对比杭州乌龟山宋代郊坛下官窑材料,并结合有关的文献记载和宋元时期的官手工业及官府窑业制度,论证了老虎洞修内司窑的烧造下限当延伸到南宋中叶以后,同时考定传世的哥窑瓷器当是元代设在杭州老虎洞、宋修内司窑址故地的官府窑场的产品。     

Book reviews

CHINA

ANITA CHAN. China's Workers Under Assault: the Exploitation of Labour in a Globalising Economy. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 2001. 250 pp. US$ 22.95, paper.

YIJIANG DING. Chinese Democracy after Tiananmen. Vancouver and Toronto: UBC Press, 2001. Acknowledgments, notes, glossary, bibliography, index. 172 pp. C$75.00, hardcover.

BARBARA ENTWISLE and GAIL E. HENDERSON (eds). Re‐drawing Boundaries: work, Household and Gender in China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000. x, 344 pp. US$19.95, paper.

XIN LIU. In One's Own Shadow: an Ethnographic Account of the Condition of Post‐Reform Rural China. Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University Press, 2000. xvi, 246 pp. Illustrations, preface, notes, glossary, bibliography, index. US$15.95, paper.

XUEPING ZHONG. Masculinity Besieged? Issues of Modernity and Male Subjectivity in Chinese Literature of the Late Twentieth Century. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2000. 208 pp. Bibliography. US$49.95, hardcover; US$17.95, paper.

JAPAN, KOREA

MARIUS B. JANSEN. The Making of Modern Japan. Cambridge and London: Harvard University Press/Belknap, 2000. xviii, 871 pp. US$35.00, hardcover.

MICHAEL MARRA (trans. and ed.) A History of Modern Japanese Aesthetics. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2001. 398 pp. Glossary, chronology, bibliography, index. US$32.95; US$69.20, paper.

SOUTH, WEST AND CENTRAL ASIA

A. K. HELLUM. A Painter's Year in the Forests of Bhutan. Edmonton and Honolulu: University of Alberta/University of Hawai'i Press, 2001. 120 pp. Appendix, bibliography. US$35.00, paper.

PRADIP N. KHANDWALLA. Revitalizing the State: a Menu of Options. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1999. 303 pp. Rs. 250, paper.

SHOMPA LAHIRI. Indians in Britain: Anglo‐Indian Encounters, Race and Identity 1880–1930. Portland, OR: Frank Cass, 2000. 249 pp. Glossary, bibliography, index. US$59.50, hardcover; US$24.50 paper.

SOUTHEAST ASIA

Economic Development of Burma: a Vision and a Strategy. A Study by Burmese Economists. Stockholm: Olof Palme International Center; Singapore: Singapore University Press, 2000. 233 pp. S$30.00, paper.     

Microscopic study of Chinese bronze casting moulds from the Eastern Zhou period

Piece mould casting technology, as a hall mark of the central plains of China during the Bronze Age, has attracted scholars' interest globally. Bronze ritual vessels found in this area were produced in large quantities and generally cast with the moulds composed of three or more sections. This enormous industry certainly required workers to have had professional knowledge to ensure the success of every single cast. Mould making technology was one of its most important parts. This research looks into the microstructure of bronze casting moulds of the Eastern Zhou period, which was a rarely studied topic in previous research. Through comparison with local pottery, it is shown that casting moulds in this period were produced with quite specialized sand-rich material, and clay was only a minor component. It is then discussed how this unique material can be beneficial to the bronze casting process and how this technology was integrated as a crucial part of the Chinese bronze casting system. These analyses might be able to portray mould makers in the ancient bronze foundries as a group of specialized people with their own traditions and professional knowledge.     

陕西历史博物馆藏康熙仿成化款瓷器述要

明成化官窑瓷器成绩卓越,特别是彩瓷,为明永乐、宣德直至万历等八大时期之冠。鉴于对成化瓷的喜爱,仿成化款瓷自明正德一直延续至民国。历朝以仿作成化瓷为荣耀,以落成化款为时尚,出现了许多“大明成化年制”或“成化年制”的委托款瓷。人们对成化瓷的认识与仿作,随着时代的发展而不断地变化着。以致落成化款成为一种瓷的吉祥符、一种瓷的象征、一种追忆了。仿成化款瓷,展示了制作朝的制瓷水平,也反映着制作朝的审关与习俗。本文以四类七种十五件瓷器为例,着重探讨康熙仿成化款瓷的特征,为鉴定康熙仿成化款瓷提供一些范例。