新见唐《李椮墓志》疏证

西安碑林博物馆新藏唐李椮墓志,可与李椮祖李制墓志、父李纲传记、兄弟李立言墓志相互校读。整理这些墓志资料与文献记载,可以厘清渤海李氏四代人的世系、生平事迹、萃处京畿的原因及其他相关问题。这些资料可填补"史书不足以尽史"之弊,具有较高的参考价值。     

“车马出行——胡人”画像试探——兼谈汉代丧葬艺术中胡人形象的意义

汉代丧葬艺术中出现了许多胡人的形象,要进行更加深入的研究,需要将其放入所出现的场景中去考察。汉画像中的胡人经常出现在车马出行的场景中,可分为两类:一为胡人导引,一为胡汉交战。此类画像中车马出行的目的地是西方的西王母仙境。时人认为西王母在西域之西,居住于西域的西胡,一方面可以作为去往西方仙境的引导者,一方面又可以是阻碍者。所以他们一方面希望升仙路上能得到胡人的导引,一方面又希望打败阻碍的胡人,到达西王母仙境。汉代丧葬艺术中出现的许多胡人形象或许与此种对西方仙境的信仰有关。     

明代甘青地区的＂土官＂与＂土司＂

今甘青地区在明代时是否设有“土司”,学术界至今存有争议。本文在前人研究的基础上,对明朝中央政府在今甘青地区设立的土官进行了梳理,并与西南典型土司制进行比较,认为明代今甘青地区广泛分布着具有自身特色的卫所土司和僧职土司。     

《白石道人诗说》伪托说考辨与南宋诗坛风气演变

《白石道人诗说》历来被认为是姜夔所作,但姜夔却在《诗说自序》中说此书得自山中＂异人＂。通过对姜夔及其友人的诗词分析,可知姜夔在淳熙丙午遇见隐士一事为真。《白石道人诗说》有可能是姜夔在他人的诗学思想影响下完成的。这与姜夔诗学思想的转变以及南宋中期诗坛风气的转变有着密切的关系。     

抗帕金森病新药的研发进展

目的 综述多巴胺能药物和其他新型治疗药物的研发状况,为国内的科研人员提供参考.方法 分析了帕金森现有的主要治疗药物多巴胺能,包括左旋多巴胺、多巴胺受体激动剂、儿茶酚氧位甲基转移酶抑制剂、单胺氧化酶抑制剂等;以及新型的抗帕金森药物,包括α2-肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂、腺苷A2A受体拮抗剂、细胞治疗和基因治疗的基本原理、药物研发的进展情况.结果与结论 帕金森病是一种渐进性的神经系统退行性疾病,在全球的发病率较高.新型治疗药物的研发成功有望缓解帕金森病人的痛苦,提高其生命质量,但新型药物的上市还有很长的过程.     

西汉长安的公共空间

从西汉史可见都城长安"千余人"集会,"守阙上书"的情景。"阙下"曾经发生大规模的武装冲突。而宫阙前特殊事件的发生,"吏民聚观者"甚至可达"数万人",也说明这里有规模可观的空间。民众可以比较自由地进行公共活动的空间是"市"。刘据在"巫蛊之祸"时曾经策动"市"的群众"数万人"与丞相军激战。"里巷仟佰"也曾经成为民众"聚会"场所。而礼制建筑区也有相当宽阔的空地。不过这是不允许民间活动使用的空间。总体说来,西汉长安宫殿区的宏大规模,使得普通居民的生存条件受到严重压抑,而公共活动空间相对有限,使得都市功能的实现,不得不以诸陵邑作为补充。考察西汉长安和东汉洛阳的城市规划和城市建设,可以发现公共空间的区别。东汉洛阳已经有空间更为充裕的公众活动场所。城市史进程中都会职能和交往条件的这一重要变化,也体现了汉代都市社会构成形式和社会生活形态的若干历史特征。     

两次鸦片战争期间禁烟的困境——以 “重治吸食”为中心的考察

两次鸦片战争期间,清政府的禁烟政策遇到内外两种阻力:一方面,英国政府极力庇护中国沿海地区的鸦片走私贸易,企图劝诱中国官员承认鸦片贸易合法化;另一方面,贩卖鸦片利益集团、受贿的不法官吏、鸦片吸食者和各级行政司法官员构成来自中国内部四种禁烟运动的阻力。在此背景之下,《查禁鸦片烟章程》对鸦片吸食者判处死刑的条款在执行过程中难以得到有力贯彻,禁烟运动也因此逐渐形成 "明禁暗弛"的局面。从实施效果看,主张用死刑对付吸食者的建议并不完全可取,而反对 "将食烟之人拟以死罪",主张慎刑并以 "常例治之"的看法则有一定合理性。     

A new species of Aboilus (Insecta,Orthoptera) from the Jurassic Daohugou beds of China,and discussion of forewing coloration in Aboilus

Wang, H., Li, S., Zhang, Q., Fang, Y., Wang, B. & Zhang, H., 13.02.2015. A new species of Aboilus (Insecta, Orthoptera) from the Jurassic Daohugou beds of China, and discussion of forewing coloration in Aboilus. Alcheringa 39, xxx–xxx. ISSN 0311-5518

He Wang* [wanghe0701@163.com], Sha Li* [lisha.paleo@gmail.com], Qi Zhang* [zhqi1105@126.com], Yan Fang [yanfang@nigpas.ac.cn], Bo Wang? [bowang@nigpas.ac.cn] and Haichun Zhang [hczhang@nigpas.ac.cn], State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China.*Also affiliated with University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China. ?Also affiliated with Steinmann Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany.

A new species of Aboilinae (Orthoptera: Prophalangopsidae), Aboilus perbellus, is described and illustrated based on three well-preserved forewings recovered from the Middle–Upper Jurassic Daohugou beds of Inner Mongolia, China. The new species differs from all congeneric forms in its special forewing coloration and features of its wing venation. To date, three types of forewing coloration have been found among different species of Aboilus at Daohugou, suggesting that these taxa inhabited different ecotopes.     

A new saucrosmylid lacewing (Insecta,Neuroptera) from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou,Inner Mongolia,China

Liu, Q., Zhang, H.C., Wang, B., Fang, Y., Zheng, D.R., Zhang, Q. & Jarzembowski, E.A., 2014. A new saucrosmylid lacewing (Insecta, Neuroptera) from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. Alcheringa 38. ISSN 0311-5518.

A new genus and new species of Saucrosmylidae (Insecta, Neuroptera) are described (Daohugosmylus castus) based on a well-preserved hindwing from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. Daohugosmylus gen. nov. is distinguished by a large and nearly semi-circular hindwing, relatively wide R1 space possessing several rows of cells, anteriorly bent Rs, dense crossveins over the entire wing, and smooth outer margin.

Qing Liu (corresponding author) [qingliu1029@gmail.com], Haichun Zhang [hczhang@nigpas.ac.cn], Bo Wang [bowang@nigpas.ac.cn], Yan Fang [yanfang@nigpas.ac.cn], Daran Zheng [dranzheng@gmail.com], Qi Zhang [zhqi1105@126.com] and Edmund A Jarzembowski [jarzembowski2@live.co.uk], State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, PR China; secondary address of Daran Zheng & Qi Zhang, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; and Ed Jarzembowski, Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK. Received 13.11.2013; revised 20.1.2014; accepted 21.1.2014.     

A new fossil genus in Pamphiliidae (Hymenoptera) from China

A new genus with two new species, Scabolyda orientalis gen. et sp. nov. and Scabolyda incompleta sp. nov., assigned to the subfamily Juralydinae in the family Pamphiliidae are described and illustrated. They were collected from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation and the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation in northeastern China. They represent the first fossil pamphiliids described from China.