The Asiatic marbles of the Hadrian's Villa at Tivoli

Multi-method provenance studies, including petrographic, isotopic, electron paramagnetic resonance and trace chemical analyses, have been carried out on 20 white, 9 black and 1 red artifacts purposely selected to investigate the use and distribution of sculptural marbles at the Hadrian's Villa. A large fraction of the marbles tested (21 samples, 70%) are shown to be from Asia Minor, mostly originating from the recently discovered site of Göktepe near Aphrodisias (15 or 71%). All the 9 black samples investigated and 6 out of 11 white Asiatic marbles are from Göktepe, the remaining being Docimium marble from Iscehisar (4 samples) and Aphrodisias marble from the city quarries (1 sample). The single red sculpture tested proved to be Carian red marble from the Iasos quarries, whereas non-Asiatic marbles include 3 Carrara and 6 Pentelicon samples. The selection of marbles tested is preliminary and incomplete, but, despite this, the results are noteworthy, especially since the marble of other sculptures from the Villa has already been identified as Göktepe. Together with other published results, the marble distribution at the Hadrian's Villa seems to suggest that the use of sculptural marbles in the Roman world underwent considerable changes around the turn of the 1st and the 2nd century AD. The evidence supporting this hypothesis is briefly summarized in the conclusions.     

Freizeitgroßprojekte als Schnittstelle zwischen Freizeitgeographie und Regionalplanung

Die stetig wachsende Vielfalt an neuen Freizeit- und Erholungsformen unterstreicht den entsprechenden Bedarf in unserer heutigen „Erlebnisgesellschaft“. Neben den ruhigen, naturnahen Erholungsformen wie Wandern, Joggen oder Radfahren spielen für die Bürger mittlerweile zunehmend neue, moderne Formen der Freizeitgestaltung etwa in Freizeit- und Erlebnisparks eine bedeutende Rolle.Der Sektor „Freizeit und Erholung“ ist für Gemeinden und Regionen ein bedeutender Wirtschaftsfaktor. Es gibt aber auch Kehrseiten: Schadstoffemissionen und Lärmbelästigungen durch Freizeitverkehr, Belastung von Fauna und Flora, zunehmender Flächenverbrauch durch immer größer dimensionierte Freizeitanlagen bzw. Freizeitgroßprojekte.Sowohl die Freizeitgeographie als angewandte Wissenschaft als auch die Regionalplanung versuchen für das Thema „Freizeit und Erholung“ raumverträgliche Lösungen für die vielfältigen Nutzungskonflikte zu finden. Die im vorliegenden Artikel beschriebene modellhafte Kooperation in der Region München unterstreicht am Beispiel des aktuellen Themas „Freizeitgroßprojekte“ die Schnittstelle zwischen Freizeitgeographie und Regionalplanung.Endprodukt dieser Zusammenarbeit war die Fortschreibung des Kapitels B III „Freizeit und Erholung“ des Regionalplans München mit normativen Vorgaben zu Freizeitgroßprojekten. Die Festlegung verbindlicher Ziele und Grundsätze soll bei einer potentiellen Ansiedlung von Freizeitgroßprojekten in der Region München zu raumverträglichen Lösungen führen.     

Les échelles de temps sur les marchés financiers

Modern financial modelling massively implements scaling laws to describe market fluctuations, with the use of stochastic processes in stock market price behavior equations. Scaling laws, which already existed as an implicit part of Brownian motion although notperceived at such, habe become increasingly and explicitely important, since the financial markets regulatory authorities have drawn the attention of the banking industry to the risk control issued posed by the ineffective current valuation achieved using the classical Gaussian distribution. The différent elements surrounding this debate are developed based around Mandelbrot's fractal models, which have underlined the main modelling conflicts of the behavior of stock market prices over the last forty years. I demonstrate that the root of the problem of whether scaling laws exist is the more fundemental issue of the nature of market time.     

SS-Unterscharführer Adolf Storms and the massacre of Hungarian-Jewish forced labourers in Deutsch Schützen

Adolf Storms was not hard to find in the summer of 2008. He was listed in the German telephone book. The former SSUnterscharführer, who had been a member of the Waffen-SS Panzer Division Wiking, was accused, along with two other SS men, of having shot to death at least fifty-seven Hungarian-Jewish forced labourers on 29 March 1945 in Deutsch Schützen, a village close to the Austrian-Hungarian border. Immediately after that massacre, he allegedly executed a Jew – a man, name unknown, who could not walk any further – by shooting him from behind. Adolf Storms had lived in Duisburg under his true name since the late 1940s. In 2008, the author interviewed Storms and two Hitler Jugend (HJ) leaders who also took part in this crime, and three Jews who survived the massacre. In 2009, Storms was charged with murder and as an accessory to murder in Düsseldorf. In June 2010, shortly before the decision for the trial to commence, he died at the age of ninety-one. This case study scrutinizes the intersection of ideology, Nazi morality, motivation and situational factors in perpetrating massacres. It also analyses how the judicial system in Austria dealt with this crime.