旅游产学研三位一体运行机制的深度思考

结合国务院41号文件中提出的中国旅游业未来发展目标,本文讨论了在旅游发展中科学研究、旅游产业和旅游教育之间的相互关系。本文认为,旅游产、学、研的结合需要从理论和实践的结合上深入研究三者之间的逻辑关系和运作机理,探索一条科学合理的思路,以促进中国旅游事业的健康可持续发展。中国旅游业产、学、研三位一体的运作机理为：旅游科学研究是旅游产业和旅游教育的导航仪,旅游产业是旅游研究和旅游教育的原动力,旅游教育是旅游产业和旅游研究的人才库。     

RESEARCH ON THE PIGMENTS FROM PAINTED CERAMICS EXCAVATED FROM THE YANGQIAOPAN TOMBS OF THE LATE HAN DYNASTY (48 BC – AD 25)

The analysis of pigments on painted ceramics excavated from the Yangqiaopan Tombs of the late Western Han Dynasty was undertaken using optical microscopy (OM), micro‐Raman spectroscopy (μ‐RS), scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometry (SEM–EDS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy spectra (FTIR). The pigments were identified as red lead (Pb₃O₄), carbon (C), malachite [Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂], Chinese purple (BaCuSi₂O₆) and illite {[K,H₃O]Al₂Si₃AlO₁₀(OH)₂}. Fibrous materials were observed in some pigment samples. When observed by SEM, one showed a large amount of fibre in solidified gum, which indicated that gum of ramie could have been used as the binding medium to make the pigment particles adhere together. These results provide significant insights into the characteristics of these pigments in the Qin and Han Dynasties.     

STUDY ON THE PROVENANCE OF XICUN QINGBAI WARES FROM THE NORTHERN SONG DYNASTY OF CHINA

The Xicun kiln in Guangdong Province was a famous porcelain kiln in the Song Dynasty of China, and for years there has been controversy over the provenance of Xixun Qingbai wares. This paper analyses Qingbai samples from the Xicun, Hutian (Jingdezhen) and Chaozhou (Guangdong Province) kilns by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA–ICP–MS) and energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence probe (EDXRF). The analytical results indicate that wares with a thin body excavated from the Xicun kiln site were produced in the Hutian kiln, and wares with a thick body were locally fired in Xicun; the contents of trace elements (V, Rb, Ba, Ta, Pb and Th) and the Nb/Ta ratio can be used to discriminate the products from the Xicun and Chaozhou kilns.     

夏商西周时期的定量容器与基本单位量浅析

夏商西周时期是我国古代量制初步建立的重要时期,大口尊、盔形器、尖底陶杯、花边陶釜、殷墟的部分铜容礼器和箕形器是这一时期比较典型的定量容器.通过分析殷墟箕形器和南河崖西周盔形器的容积,可知晚商的安阳地区和西周中期的鲁北制盐作坊可能俱以250mL为基本单位量,与之配套的量制体系也可能已经产生.     

Conodont fauna and biostratigraphy of the Honghuayuan Formation (Early Ordovician) of Guizhou,South China

Serratognathus diversus An, Cornuodus longibasis (Lindström), Drepanodus arcuatus Pander, and eleven other less common conodonts, including Cornuodus? sp., Oistodus lanceolatus, Protopanderodus gradatus, Protoprioniodus simplicissimus, Juanognathus variabilis, Nasusgnathus dolonus, Paltodus? sp., Scolopodus houlianzhaiensis, Semiacontiodus apterus, Semiacontiodus sp. cf. S. cornuformis and Serratognathoides? sp., are described and illustrated from the Honghuayuan Formation in Guizhou, South China, concluding revision of the conodont fauna from this unit, which comprises 24 species in total. The most distinctive species in the fauna, S. diversus, consists of a trimembrate apparatus, including symmetrical Sa, asymmetrical Sb and strongly asymmetrical Sc elements. This species concept is supported by the absence of any other element types in a large collection represented by nearly 500 specimens of this species. The fauna indicates a late Tremadocian to mid-Floian age (Early Ordovician) for the Honghuayuan Formation, which was widely distributed on the Yangtze Platform in shallow water environments. Previously published biostratigraphic zonations for the Honghuayuan Formation are reviewed, and revised on the basis of our knowledge of the entire conodont fauna, supporting the establishment of three biozones, Triangulodus bifidus, Serratognathus diversus, and Prioniodus honghuayanensis biozones in ascending order. Species of Serratognathus enable correlation between Ordovician successions of South China, North China (North China Platform and Ordos Basin), Tarim Basin, and further afield into Malaysia and northwestern Australia.     

论析帕麦斯顿时期英美平等关系的确立

19世纪中期,英国面临美国追求平等的挑战。虽然帕麦斯顿首相在维护英帝国利益时,惯以海外用兵或以武力相威胁,但面对来自美国的挑战,他却常受掣肘以至有所妥协。这不仅为日后美国的崛起奠定了基础,而且挑战了大国间"难逃权力和平转移厄运"的观点。为此,探析帕麦斯顿时期的英美关系是必要的。毫无疑问,加拿大易受美国攻击的考虑、英美之间日趋互补的经贸关系、困扰英国的欧洲时局等均为重要原因。然而,英美在磨合过程中形成的对世界体系的认同,则是促使拥有全球利益的英国最后接受美国以平等地位加入其主导的世界体系的主要考虑。     

Sexual harassment in Korean college classrooms: how self-construal and gender affect students' reporting behavior

This article examines the reasons why women students may hesitate to report sexual harassment. The research draws on the notion of ‘self-construal’. Self-construal is a form of self-identification in social relationships, which in this case relates, in particular, to gender within cultural environments in Korea. For the purposes of this research, a survey was conducted with 298 Korean college students from 7 to 14 March 2006. The results showed that different types of self-construal had different influences on Korean college students' and their reporting of sexual harassment, whereas gender did not. Grounded in the theoretical framework of self-construal, people with independent self-construal were found to express their uncomfortable feelings and to report to the university counseling center, whereas people with interdependent self-construal did not. Furthermore, we found that women were more likely than men to directly express their opinions and report sexual harassment to the university counseling center. Men are also harassed by women colleagues or students but are often more reluctant than women to recognize their experiences as ‘sexual harassment’ because of the stereotype that men are the perpetrators of this behavior, not its victims, and because they fear ‘loss of face.’ It is necessary to engage not just with femininity but also with masculinity and the relationship between these constructs because they are both temporally and geographically contingent.     

黎庶昌“使外文学”作品的变革意识及其中西文化取向

黎庶昌是晚清最早常驻欧洲的外交官之一,其儒学修养中的变革意识,使其在面对中外异质文化之时,适应性地采取了积极的应变策略.黎庶昌的变革意识在其“使外文学”作品中突出地表现为坚持儒学文化本位,主张中西文化的融合与贯通,并由此而萌发了学习西方的文化自觉.     

鲁迅的民族思想与历史观

介绍鲁迅的历史观和民族思想.鲁迅的历史观有三个要点,一个诉求.即:人的、进化的、改革的历史观,和一个要解除主奴关系诉求.同时提出了“一切都是中间路”的重要观点.另外鲁迅的民族思想有对外,对内两大部分.对外他反对外国列强民族侵略中国,也批判中国强大以后去侵略别人.对内他从原来接受中国传统华夷之辨的思想,到辛亥革命以后改变为赞成各个民族平等、独立、和睦相处,共同发展的思想.     

从“社区参与”走向“社区增权”——开平碉楼与村落为例

社区增权是社区参与内涵的进一步拓展,是提升社区参与有效性的重要途径。要使社区参与真正落到实处,使社区居民能够真正获益于旅游发展,亟需通过不同层面的增权,凸显社区居民在旅游开发中的主体地位。鉴于此,本研究以开平碉楼与村落为例,分析了旅游开发中社区参与现状及问题,并提出通过从经济、心理、社会和政治等四个不同层面实现增权,探索村落遗产地提高社区参与有效性的途径,以期为旅游行政管理部门科学制定决策提供理论依据和实践建议。