Book reviews

Gareth Evans and Bruce Grant. Australia's Foreign Relations: In the World of the 1990s. Melbourne University Press, 1991. xx + 389 pp. $34.95.

Hugh Smith (ed.). Australia and Peacekeeping. Campbell, ACT, Australian Defence Studies Centre, Australian Defence Force Academy, 1990. viii + 137 pp. $10.00.

Alan Dupont. Australia's Security Interests in Northeast Asia. Canberra Papers on Strategy and Defence No.84. Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, 1991. xii + 131 pp. $13.50.

Desmond Ball. Building Blocks for Regional Security. Canberra Papers on Strategy and Defence No.83. Strategic and Defence Studies Centre, Australian National University, 1991. xv + 109 pp. $12.00.

Francis G. Castles (ed.). Australia Compared: People, Policies andPolitics. North Sydney, Allen & Unwin, 1991. xvii + 291 pp. $22.95.

C. Carstairs and R. Ware (eds). Parliament and International Relations. Buckingham, UK, Open University Press, 1991. xii + 195 pp. $34.95.

Mark Turner. Papua New Guinea: The Challenge of Independence. Ringwood, Vic, Penguin Books Australia, 1990. viii + 200 pp. $16.99.

Sean Dorney. Papua New Guinea. People, Politics and History since 1975. Sydney, Random House Australia, 1990. vii + 330 pp. $16.95.

A.D. Couper (ed.). Development and Social Change in the Pacific Islands. London and New York, Routledge, 1989. x +203 pp. $99.95.

Peter Bauer, Savenaca Siwatibau and Wolfgang Kaspar. Aid and Development in the South Pacific. St Leonards, Centre for Independent Studies, 1991. ix + 120 pp. $15.95.

Jeremy Carew‐Reid. Environment, Aid and Regionalism in the South Pacific. Canberra, National Centre for Development Studies, Pacific Research Monograph No.22, 1989. xi + 185 pp. $25.00.

Viberto Selochan (ed.). The Military, the State, and Development in Asia and the Pacific. Boulder, Westview Press, 1991. xix + 288 pp. $US34.95.

Robert McKinlay. Third World Military Expenditure. London, Pinter Publishers Ltd, 1989. 154 pp. $63.75

Chandran Jeshurun (ed.). Arms and Defence in Southeast Asia. Singapore, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1990. $US19.00 (hardcover), $US14.00.

Takashi Inoguchi. Japan's International Relations. London, Pinter Publishers/Boulder, Westview Press, 1991. xii + 190 pp. £10.95.

Kenneth M, Wells. New God, New Nation. Protestants and Self‐Reconstruction Nationalism in Korea 1896–1937. Sydney, Allen & Unwin, 1991. xi + 222 pp. $24.95.

Maila Stivens (ed.). Why Gender Matters in Southeast Asian Politics. Centre of Southeast Asian Studies, Monash University, 1991. 123 pp. $16.00.

Ruth Havelaar. Quartering: A Story of a Marriage in Indonesia During the Eighties. Clayton, Vic., Centre of Southeast Asian Studies, Monash University, 1991. xxvi + 125 pp. $14.00.

Max Lane. ’Openness’. Political Discontent and Succession in Indonesia: Political Developments in Indonesia, 1989–91. Griffith University, Centre for the Study of Australia‐Asia Relations, Australia‐Asia Papers No.56, 1991. iii + 74 pp. No price given.

M.C. Ricklefs (ed.). Islam in the Indonesian Social Context, Centre of Southeast Asian Studies, Monash University, 1991. 82 pp. No price given.

John Taylor. Indonesia's Forgotten War. The Hidden History of East Timor. London, Zed Books, 1991. xvi + 230 pp. $22.46.

E.J. Hobsbawm. Nations and Nationalism since 1780. Programme, Myth, Reality. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1990. viii + 191 pp. $39.95.

Urmila Phadnis. Ethnicity and Nation‐building in South Asia. New Delhi, Sage, 1990. 328 pp. Rs.225.

Barry M. Schutz and Robert O. Slater (eds). Revolution and Political Change in the Third World. Boulder, Lynne Rienner Publishers/London, Adamantine Press Limited, 1990. x + 260 pp. £14.50 (paper), £28.50 (cloth).

Geoffrey C. Gunn and Jefferson Lee. Cambodia Watching Down Under. Institute of Asian Studies Monograph No.47. Institute of Asian Studies, Chulalongkorn University, 1991. xxx + 328 pp. No price given.

Archie Brown (ed.). Political Leadership in the Soviet Union. Basingstoke, UK, MacMillan, 1989. ix + 245 pp. £14.99 (paper). £35.00 (cloth).

Jeffrey Simon (ed.). European Security Policy after the Revolutions of 1989. Washington, D.C., National Defense University Press, 1991. xvi + 639 pp. No price given.

Amin Saikal and William Maley. Regime Change in Afghanistan: Foreign Intervention and the Politics of Legitimacy. Bathurst, NSW, Crawford House Press in association with the Australian Institute of International Affairs, 1991. xiii + 190 pp. $37.95.

David:Butler and DA. Low (eds). Sovereigns and Surrogates: Constitutional Heads of State in the Commonwealth. Houndmills, Macmillan, 1991. 365 pp. £45.00.

Jeffrey T. Richelson and Desmond Ball. The Ties that Bind. Sydney, Unwin Hyman, 1990. 426 pp. $19.95.

Desmond Ball and Cathy Downes (eds). Security and Defence: Pacific and Global Perspectives. Sydney, Allen and Unwin, 1990. 517 pp. $29.95.

Jonathan Unger (ed.). The Pro‐Democracy Protests in China: Reports from the Provinces. North Sydney, Allen and Unwin, 1991. xii + 239 pp. $24.95.

G. Linge and D. Forbes (eds). China's Spatial Economy. Hong Kong, Oxford University Press, 1990. xiii + 223 pp. $29.95.

Colin Mackerras, Kevin BucknaU and Russell Trood. The Beijing Tragedy: Implications/or China and Australia. Griffith University, Centre for the Study of Australia‐Asia Relations, 1991. Australia‐Asia Papers No.51. vii + 93 pp. No price given.

P. Alston and G. Brennan (eds). The UN Children's Covenant and Australia. HREOC, Australian National University Centre for International and Public Law, ACOSS, 1991. ix + 133 pp. $10.00.

Adam Jamrozik. Class, Inequality and the State. South Melbourne, Macmillan Australia, 1991. xx + 348 pp. $29.95 (paper), $59.95 (cloth).

R. Ovendale. The United States and the End of the Palestine Mandate 1942–1948. Studies in History No.52. Woodbridge, Suffolk, Boydell & Brewster Ltd for the Royal Historical Society, 1989. 332 pp. £37.50.

R. Springborg. Mubarak's Egypt. Fragmentation of the Political Order. Boulder and London, Westview Press, 1989. xi + 307 pp. £31.00.     

Soil and organic carbon losses from varying land uses: a global meta‐analysis

Soil (SL) and organic carbon losses (SOC_L) have increased with human population and climate change linked extreme events. While SL and SOC_L are clearly associated with surface run‐off, the impact of land use is still not well understood. This article elucidates the effects of land use, surface cover, and other environmental factors on SL and SOC_L using data from 55 published studies. The overall SL (12.34 ± 2.25 Mg ha^?1 year^?1) and SOC_L (21.80 ± 0.91 g C m^?2 year^?1) suggests substantial losses of the fertile topsoil globally. Grasslands (4.19 ± 1.22 Mg ha^?1 year^?1) had 77%, 66%, and 41% lower SL than orchards, croplands, and forests, respectively, which is attributable to higher soil organic matter and surface cover. Croplands had the highest SOC_L at 22.78 ± 2.22 g C m^?2 year^?1. Natural vegetation had 98% and 70% lower run‐off and SL than did plant residue mulched plots, indicating its great potential for surface run‐off and soil erosion control. Rainfall and slope were key drivers of soil erosion, while soil surface cover, SOC, and clay content decreased. These findings improve our knowledge on soil and organic carbon losses, which is useful for fostering sustainable management of soils and natural vegetation to enhance ecosystems functionality.     

斑鬣狗

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Book reviews

New Works in Geography

The Holocene: an environmental history. 2nd Edition. Neil Roberts. Pp. 316. Oxford: Blackwells, 1998. 2nd Edition. £17.99 (pbk), ISBN 0 631 18638 7.

The nature of the environment. 4th Edition. Andrew Goudie. Pp. xv + 544. Oxford: Blackwells, 2001. Price £21.99 (pbk), ISBN 0 631 20069 X (pbk).

The human impact on the natural environment. 5th Edition. Andrew Goudie. Pp. xvi + 509. Oxford: Blackwells, 2000. Price £17.99 (pbk), ISBN 0 631 19978 0 (pbk).

Statistical methods for geography. Peter A. Rogerson. Pp. xii + 236. London: Sage, 2001. Price £55.00 (hbk), £17.99 (pbk), ISBN 0 7619 6287 5 (hbk), ISBN 0 7619 6288 3 (pbk).

Introduction to planning practice. Philip Allmendinger, Alan Prior & Jeremy Raemaekers. Pp. x + 439. Chichester: John Wiley, 2000. Price £17.99 (pbk), ISBN 0 471 98522.

A geography of heritage. Brian Graham, G.J. Ashworth & J.E. Tunbridge. Pp. v + 284. London: Arnold, 2000. Price £16.99 (pbk), £45.00 (hbk), ISBN 0 340 67778 3 (pbk), ISBN 0 340 67779 1 (hbk).