Books in brief

Books—Overseas Texts

Alexander Passerin d'Entreves: The Notion of the State: an introduction to Political Theory, Oxford University Press, London, 1967, pp. 233, $5.80.

Robert A. Dahl and Deane E. Neubauer, eds.: Readings in Modern Political Analysis, Prentice‐Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1968, pp. 424, $5.00.

Aaron Wildavsky, ed.: American Federalism in Perspective, Little Brown, Boston, 1967, pp. 277, $4.35 (paperback).

Edgar Litt, ed.: The Political Imagination, Scott, Foresman & Co., Glenview, 111., 1966, pp. 532, $U.S.4.25.

H. V. Wiseman: Political Systems: Some Sociological Approaches, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1966, pp. 254, $5.65; David Easton, ed.: Varieties of Political Theory, Prentice‐Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1966, pp. 154, $7.00; James C. Charlesworth, ed.: Contemporary Political Analysis, Collier‐Macmillan, London, 1967, pp. 380, $4.60 (paperback); Eugene J. Meehan: Contemporary Political Thought, Dorsey Press, Homewood. 111., 1967, pp. 437, $7.40; W. J. M. Mackenzie: Politics and Social Science, Pelican, pp. 424, 75c; Oran R. Young: Systems of Political Science, Prentice‐Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1968, pp. 113, $2.20 (paperback); William C. Mitchell: Sociological Analysis and Politics: The Theories of Talcott Parsons, Prentice‐Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1967, pp. 222, $7.30; Roy E. Jones: The Functional Analysis of Politics: an introductory discussion, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1967, pp. 101, $1.30 (paperback).

Inis L. Claude, Jr.: The Changing United Nations, Random House, New York, 1967, pp. 140, $2.25.

Samuel Hendel and Randolph L. Braham, eds.: The USSR After 50 Years: Promise and Reality, Knopf, New York, 1967, pp. 299 + vi, $4.55.

Ernest Barker: Reflections on Government, Oxford University Press, London, 1967, pp. 424 + xvii, $2.15.

Alfred G. Meyer: Communism, 3rd ed., Random House, New York, 1967, pp. 241, $2.25.

Isaac Deutscher: The Unfinished Revolution: Russia 1917–1967, Oxford University Press, London, 1967, pp. 115, $3.60.

Karl Jaspers: The Future of Germany, translated and edited by E. B. Ashton, University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, 1967, pp. 173, $U.S.4.95.

Martin Gilbert and Richard Gott: The Appeasers, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London, 1967, pp. 444 ‐+‐ xvi, $3.85 paperback, $7.80 bound.

Lewis J. Edinger, ed.: Political Leadership in Industrialized Societies, John Wiley, N.Y., 1967, pp. 376, $4.95.

Books—Australian

Alan Birch and David S. Macmillan, eds.: Wealth and Progress, Studies in Australian Business History, Angus and Robertson, Sydney, 1967, pp. 190, $4.25.

M. I. Jennings, comp. and ed.: Federation: A collection of contemporary documents. Hill of Content Archive Series, Melbourne, 1967, $3.75.

J. R. Odgers: Australian Senate Practice, 3rd ed., Government Printer, Canberra, 1967, pp. 511 + xiv, $4.50.

Margot Beever and F. B. Smith, comps.: Historical Studies: Selected Articles, Second Series, Melbourne University Press, 1967, pp. 293 + x, $2.30 (paperback).

T. R. Luscombe: Builders and Crusaders: Prominent Catholics in Australian History, Lansdowne Press, Melbourne, 1967, pp. 453, $4.50.

Craig McGregor: People, Politics and Pop: Australians in the Sixties, Ure Smith, Sydney, 1968, pp. 221, $1.50.

Zelman Cowen: Isaac Isaacs, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1967, pp. 261 + xiii, $6.00.

Allan Dalziel: Evatt the Enigma, Lansdowne Press, Melbourne, 1967, pp. 186, $5.50.

Tom Mann's Memoirs, with a Preface by Ken Coates, Macgibbon & Kee, London, 1967, pp. 278 + xiv, $5.45.

Arthur Manning: Larger than Life: The Story of Eric Baume, A. H. and A. W. Reed, Sydney, 1967, pp. 184, $3.25.

Cyril Pearl: Morrison of Peking, Angus and Robertson, Sydney, 1967, pp. 431, $6.95.

Peter Coleman and Les Tanner: Cartoons of Australian History, Thomas Nelson (Australia), Melbourne, 1967, pp. 195, $3.95.

A Guide to Book Contracts, published for The Australian Society of Authors by The Australasian Book Society, Sydney, 1967, pp. 49, $2.10.

Pamphlets

Royal Institute of Public Administration, Victorian Regional Group, Bibliography of Administrative History, Melbourne, 1966, pp. 60, roneoed. $1.00 + postage from: Mr. K. R. Jones, Royal Institute of Public Administration, 4 Bolinda Street, Bentleigh, S.E.14, Victoria.

R. L. Wettenhall: Evolution of a Departmental System: A Tasmanian Commentary, University of Tasmania, Hobart, 1967, pp. 50. 50c and postage, from the Union Bookroom, University of Tasmania.

Victorian Labor College, Jubilee 1917–1967, V.L.C., Melbourne, 1967, pp. 30. 30c + postage, from Victorian Labor College, Box 39, Trades Hall, Melbourne 3001.

Council for Civil Liberties: If you are arrested, C.C.L., Sydney, 1968, pp. 14, 20c.

J. M. Geraghty: The Citizen and the Police, Queensland Council for Civil Liberties, P.O. Box 33, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4067; 1967, pp. 16, 10c + 5c postage.

The Australian League of Rights: Objectives, History, Organisation, Journals, Basic Books, Melbourne, n.d. [1968?], pp. 16, 20c.

E. W. Peters, M.P.: A Financial Invasion: The Take‐Over of Australia (Comments on Overseas Capital Inflow), Gale Press, 342 Brunswick Street, Fitzroy, Victoria, 1967, pp. 16, 25c posted.

Sydney University Liberal Club: Forgotten People, Sydney, 1967, pp. 24, 20c + postage.

J. D. B. Miller: Sir Winston Churchill and the Commonwealth of Nations, University of Queensland Press, St. Lucia, 1967, pp. 28, 75c.

Julius Stone: The Middle East Under Cease‐Fire, Sydney, 1967, pp. 16.

K. S. Cunningham: The Social Science Research Council of Australia: 1942–1952, S.S.R.C.A., Canberra, 1967, pp. 34. Distributor: A.N.U. Press. 90c.

D. E. Butler: Political Television, A.N.U., Canberra, 1967, pp. 14. Available free of charge from School of Political Science, University of N.S.W., Kensington, N.S.W. 2033.     

How Do Pre-existing R&D Activities in a Region Influence the Performance of Cluster Initiatives? The Case of French Competitiveness Clusters

This article explores the diversity of 66 French competitiveness clusters, which were all accredited in 2005 according to the same specifications, by characterizing the initial context in which they emerged and taking a close look at the link between this initial context and their current performance. Since French competitiveness cluster policy is based on state co-funding of R&D projects, we establish a typology based on a multiple component analysis and a hierarchical ascending classification of the R&D potential of the cluster's territory, the respective R&D efforts of companies and academic laboratories, the kinds of actors setting up the cluster and their pre-existing relationships. We then measure the differences among the five classes relating to their clusters' capacity to obtain state funding for their projects. Our results show that initial context can partially explain competitiveness clusters' performance. Competitiveness clusters in territories possessing significant R&D resources, and involving large companies capable of organizing projects, are the most efficient in obtaining state funding. In contrast, competitiveness clusters without prior cooperation experience perform poorly.     

东亚大城市的大饭店历史沿革、现代发展及其城市功能

本文叙述了东亚大城市中的大饭店的历史沿革和现代化发展过程,着重分析了大饭店在城市中的表现形态和功能特色,并进一步探讨现代大饭店与城市现代化发展的相互适应和相互促进的紧密关系。文章着重介绍中国大陆的大饭店,并同日本,南韩的大饭店进行了对比研究。     

Understanding evolution in the Antwerp chemical cluster: the role of regional development strategies

Research on regional economic development increasingly embraces more nuanced perspectives on the evolution of clusters, industries and agglomerations. The extent to which the emergence and decline of clusters can be directed with intentional regional development strategies is, however, a major point of discussion. The article links the cluster life cycle concept to regional development strategies in order to examine the trajectory of Europe’s largest chemical complex in and around the Port of Antwerp (Belgium). This chemical cluster has matured and currently is in a state of stability. Although the cluster did not experience growth over the last decades in terms of new entrants, it did transform internally and maintained its importance as a production centre. Thus, whereas lock-in mechanisms hampered growth, they also prevented the cluster from going into a state of decline. We argue that while regional development strategies stimulated new emerging clusters in the Flemish region, vested interests in the port and associated lock-in mechanisms have resisted such developments in Antwerp. New growth trajectories based on the chemical cluster were therefore difficult to recreate in the Antwerp region.     

Are there differences in social capital related to corporate regional engagement in dynamic and less dynamic non-core regions?

ABSTRACT

This article explores corporate regional engagement and related social capital in non-core regions. Corporate regional engagement comprises various activities of firms to influence regional contexts, which are challenging in non-core regions (e.g. on account of their organizational or institutional thinness). Corporate regional engagement engenders positive effects for regional development when firms collaborate among themselves (bonding social capital) and with other actors (bridging social capital) to improve regional endowments. We assume that dynamic regions have at their disposal higher levels of inclusive social capital in terms of collaboration networks for regional concerns and trust, while less dynamic regions have more exclusive and fragmented social capital. Consequently, less dynamic regions in particular appear to have potential to develop in a more social sense by activating the endogenous potential of region-wide collaboration. Those assumptions are tested based on a survey with Chief Executive Officers from the manufacturing industry from three dynamic and three less dynamic Swiss regions. The findings show that in dynamic regions, more firms are members of regional cross-industry associations, favouring regional collaboration; in less dynamic regions, meanwhile, more firms are members of industry-specific associations and service clubs, where benefits seem to be higher for individual firms than for the regional business environment.     

A rallying point for different predators: the avian record from a Late Pleistocene sequence of Grotte des Barasses II (Balazuc,Ardèche,France)

The presence of processed birds in the archeological faunal record is considered key to assessing human dietary evolution. Taphonomic studies on birds from sites older than Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 2 have become relevant in the last few years, leading to the proposal of more complex scenarios of human subsistence. Several works have demonstrated direct evidence of bird consumption by Homo prior to anatomically modern humans in Europe; however, others support the hypothesis of non-anthropogenic bird accumulations. This has led to the necessity of determining what elements or factors cause the human exploitation of birds in some archeological sites before the end of the Pleistocene. The Grotte des Barasses II site is located within this framework. Short-term human occupations have been attested by the presence of lithic tools and processed macrofaunal remains. Additionally, a small assemblage of bird bones has also been recovered. Here, we present a detailed taphonomic study with the aim of exploring possible relationships between these avian taxa and human occupations. Despite the fact that Neanderthals inhabited the cave, avian specimens show damage pointing to different causative agents. Direct evidence (digestion, gnawing) indicates that mammalian carnivores and nocturnal raptors were mainly involved in the accumulation of bird bones. We propose some factors that might determine whether or not small game was exploited in this specific locality and emphasize the importance of such analytical approaches in the general interpretations of the Pleistocene sites.     

Book reviews

“THE SOUTH SEAS IN TRANSITION” by W. E. H. Stanner. Issued under the auspices of the Australian Institute of International Affairs and the International Secretariat, Institute of Pacific Affairs and published by the Australasian Publishing Company. 1953. Pp. viii and 448. Three maps. Australian Published price, 50/‐ net.

SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY EN MELANESIA: A REVIEW OF RESEARCH, by A. P. Elkin. Published under the auspices of the South Pacific Commission. Oxford University Press, London, Melbourne, New York, 1953. Pp. xiii, 166 Maps. Price 27/6.

“THE AUSTRALIAN WAY OF LIFE.” Edited by George Caiger, under the auspices of the Australian Institute of International Affairs. Pp. xvi and 158. Published by William Heinemann Ltd., 1953. Australian price, 15/6.