试论重庆万州中坝子遗址夏商周时期文化遗存

万州中坝子遗址是三峡地区一处以商周时期化为主的重要遗存。经过近年来的发掘,清理出商周时期的灰坑、墓葬、水田等多处遗迹现象,同时获得一大批陶、石、骨、铜器等遗物。根据陶器组合及型式变化和地层关系,本将中坝子遗址商周时期化遗存分为二期四段。通过对比,其年代与鄂西地区的中堡岛三期类型、川西地区的三星堆二期化大致相当。另外,因中坝子遗址位于古代巴人活动的中心区域,对该遗址的研究也为探索早期巴化提供了十分重要的资料。     

斯巴达奥巴铭文译注

作为古代斯巴达社会组织形式之一的奥巴见于古风时代斯巴达之重要文献"大瑞特剌".但相关希腊文传世文献颇为晚出,于其具体情形语焉不详.然而于拉格尼亚地区之铭文材料中颇可见奥巴一词,抑或其方言表达形式.此种铭文包括嘉许令、球戏铭文及圣法三类,共计19则.上述铭文固然亦多属希腊化时代晚期及其后的时代,但可据以厘清晚出传世文献所记奥巴情况之时代属性,若与传世文献相参证,对于认识希腊化时代晚期及罗马统治时期奥巴在斯巴达之历史实情亦颇有助益.     

Sourcing copper ores for production of bronzes excavated at Shuangyantang,a Western Zhou (1046–771 <Emphasis Type="SmallCaps">bc</Emphasis>) site in Chongqing (Southwest China): evidence from lead isotope analysis

Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) and lead isotope analyses were applied to 12 Western Zhou (1046–771 bc) bronzes unearthed from the Shuangyantang site in Wushan County, Chongqing (southwest China), to investigate their chemical compositions and possible mineral source(s). The results showed that (1) the investigated bronzes were mostly bronzes with low, common lead and (2) their lead isotopic values almost all fall into a relatively narrow range, suggesting possibly the use of raw materials from a common copper mine. The comparison between lead isotopic values for Shuangyantang bronzes and those already published for copper mines and other bronzes produced and used about at the same times leads us to believe that the Shuangyantang bronzes probably used the same copper ores as used in bronzes from the Peng and Jin states in Shanxi Province. However, it would not be possible at this point to come up with a clear idea of where exactly these copper ores may come from. Candidate copper mines might be the Tonglvshan mines in Hubei Province, the Zhongtiaoshan mines in Shanxi Province, or the Dajing copper mines in Inner Mongolia.     

Embodied bicycle commuters in a car world

As an initiative to increase cycling, bike to work (BTW) events emphasize a pragmatic approach in which people learn through sensory experience. Pragmatism contends that the lived experience of the commuter within fluid geographies of social and physical conditions informs commuting knowledge and behavior. I researched how bicyclists participate in the 2012 BTW event in Lake Tahoe (USA) and how these experiences facilitate the process of becoming bicycle commuters. My study included participant observations, interviews, video observations, and route mapping. I analyzed this data with thematic and narrative analyses. I find that the BTW event illuminates bicycling, a normally invisible practice in a car world, and creates temporary bicycle-friendly spaces that provide the embodied experience and knowledge of bicycle commuting within context. Through this lived experience, participants can break free from unconscious car-based patterns and become embodied bicycle commuters who engage in active renegotiations of their commuting practices.     

宋瓷上的乾隆题诗

乾隆喜欢作诗,他的诗或题写在当朝烧制的御用瓷器上,或镌刻于宫廷秘藏的历代名窑珍品上。传世宋瓷为乾隆赏悦之物,故而往往不忘对此书上一笔。     

关于《东林列传》及其影印本有关问题

《东林列传》是研究明末东林党人的重要资料,具有较高的文献参考价值,因此有关《东林列传》的版本问题也是一个值得重视的学术课题。     

中国民俗通志总序

志者,记也,志书亦即孔子所谓“述而不作”之类,与史书同源而又有别之。史书注重人与事,尤注重人们的言语与活动,所谓“左史记言,右史记事”是也,是先个体而后集合;志书则关注凝固化的业已定型的自然、制度以及作为群体的人们的思维与行为习惯,是先集合而后个体。与之相应,史家追求的是“究天人之际,通古今之变,成一家之言”,要把史家之史观付诸史笔,褒贬裁量,评判古今,     

宋元"海上丝绸之路"繁荣时期广州、明州(宁波)、泉州三大港口发展之比较研究

自西汉开辟"海上丝绸之路"以来,在我国漫长的海岸线上,先后出现了十余个与"海上丝绸之路"形成与发展关系密切的大小港口.这些港口在长期的发展演变过程中,历经兴衰与更迭,至宋元时期,最终形成了广州、明州(宁波)、泉州三大贸易枢纽港.这三大港口不仅是这一时期"海上丝绸之路"的最主要起迄港,而且在促进东西方经济贸易和文化交流方面亦起到了举足轻重的作用.本文拟结合市舶制度的建立、造船业的发展、航海线路的拓展以及中外文化交流等方面的状况,对宋元时期这三大港口的发展规模、功能特征、地位作用及其演变历程等进行比较研究,以进一步揭示三大港口历史发展的基本态势与内在规律,同时也为当今全球经济一体化大背景下的港口发展,提供一些有益的启示.     

青海瞿昙寺壁画颜料的研究

通过对青海瞿昙寺画郎和建筑彩绘所用的22个绘画颜料样品的 x-射线衍射和同位素 x 荧光分析.共分析出20多种无机矿物颜料,此外.还有蓝钯、黄钯有机颜料。本文对这些颜料的分析结果进行丁综合论述.并与敦煌石窟、麦积山石窟、炳灵寺石窟等的彩绘颜料进行了研究。