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991.
Conny Meister 《African Archaeological Review》2010,27(3):237-249
For the first time, graves dating to the Early Iron Age between 2000 BP and 1700 BP have been discovered in the southern Cameroonian
rain forest. The features in question, from the sites of Akonétye and Campo, were almost identically furnished with iron objects
and ceramic pots. Other features with more or less corresponding finds have been discovered at Mouanko–Lobethal, Mouanko–Epolo,
Kribi–Mpoengu, and Yaoundé–Obobogo. The spatial distribution of these sites and their near synchronous dating suggest that
a particular burial rite was practiced over a considerable area of southern Cameroon during the Early Iron Age. 相似文献
992.
Thomas Niel Huffman 《African Archaeological Review》2010,27(1):1-11
Kim and Kusimba misunderstand the archaeological data pertaining to K2, Mapungubwe and Great Zimbabwe because they rely on
secondary sources. Before these capitals can be categorized according to definitions of early states elsewhere, they need
to be interpreted in their own terms. Ultimately, Mapungubwe and Great Zimbabwe are no less complex because they differ from
early states in Asia or Middle America. 相似文献
993.
Ceri Z. Ashley 《African Archaeological Review》2010,27(2):135-163
This paper presents results of recent research in Kenya and Uganda on ceramics from the first and early to mid second millennia
ad. Whereas previous research has tended to emphasise the role of ceramics as chronological tools, or as an index of past ethno-linguistic
identity, this paper will emphasise the role of ceramics as functioning tools. Combining archive and published data with new
results from fieldwork, the evidence presented here demonstrates continuity of settlement in the Victoria Nyanza region between
first millennium Urewe users and second millennium Transitional Urewe and Entebbe ceramics, and the emergence of specialist
lacustrine communities. The changing nature of ceramics over this time span is compared with evidence from historical linguistics
to suggest a shift in social authority from the family home to the wider community in the second millennium, and the growing
influence of economic wealth or individual leadership. 相似文献
994.
Postcolonial archaeologies in Africa are engaged in a variety of agendas including the decolonization of everyday practices
in the field and in the classroom. Postcolonial theory, concerned with issues of power and the Other, is increasingly being
invoked to examine how archaeologists conduct their field research and how archaeology is used to dismantle essentialized
histories—the metanarratives that arose in the colonial as well as the postcolonial era. Easily misunderstood, however, is
the passion expressed by some African archaeologists who are voicing their own views while simultaneously trying to free themselves
from dominating “expert” voices. These occurrences create tensions in archaeological discourse that are a natural part of
decolonizing archaeology, joining other forms of disenchantment, particularly the disenchantments arising in contemporary
African communities about social services, civil society, and human rights. Archaeologists are also implicated in disenchantments
as they conduct investigations in the midst of people who may be without water or are suffering from HIV/AIDS—conditions that
starkly contrast with their own comfortable lives. We may also need to reconsider how to deal with states that see archaeological
research as contrary to nation building. This essay responds to some current misunderstandings that have arisen over these
and related issues. 相似文献
995.
996.
Len Michael Pole 《African Archaeological Review》2010,27(1):43-78
This paper examines ironworking practices and traditions among the Mawu (Akpafu) and Lolobi communities of the northern Volta
Region of Ghana. It compares them with other accounts gathered from published sources and observations made during fieldwork
conducted in the 1970s. It describes the processes of mining, smelting, and tool manufacturing from reconstructions and oral
histories and delineates the transformations that have been worked on the content of the tradition in the past 100 years.
The narratives of the migrations of the Mawu, gleaned from their own elders, from ground surface evidence, and from written
reports are considered in the context of archaeological and historical evidence from other parts of southern Ghana. The conventional
picture of the movement of the Mawu/Lolobi communities is one of displacement by incoming groups, but the conclusion that
they have been pushed within the past 150 years into the very district containing the greatest concentration of iron-rich
deposits in this whole mountain area is given critical examination. It is likely that the Togo hills have been the site of
ironworking for several centuries. It is, therefore, suggested that these communities may represent the distillation of a
formerly more widespread set of such communities which existed wherever iron ore was to be found in southeast Ghana. 相似文献
997.
Jeffrey Fleisher 《Journal of World Prehistory》2010,23(4):195-217
Historically, the Swahili of the eastern African coast have performed feasts through which they negotiated and contested social
power. Feasts draw on tradition and practice, but create the space for, and conditions of, imbalance and social debt. Drawing
on this historical frame, I examine the archaeology of feasting in the more distant Swahili past, AD 700–1500, in particular
looking at how feasts can domesticate distant power—the power drawn from objects and practices from elsewhere. By charting
changing assemblages of imported and local ceramics alongside settlement and food preferences, I examine developments in feasting
patterns and the way feasts provided a social context within which local and distant power could be translated into authority. 相似文献
998.
Transition from a centralized to a market economy yielded different responses from the former Eastern Bloc countries with economic performance directly affecting spatial composition of the cities. Post-socialist urban transformations across Central and Eastern Europe exhibit main, common features but always preserve singularities, characteristic of individual states. This paper, by using comparative methods and urban planning analyses, emphasizes differences in the degree of change for inner city areas under same transition conditions. Drawing on empirical evidence from Tirana, the paper stresses the fact that besides the obvious general change in the communism-inherited urban fabric, the degree of this change is predicated on the area's centrality and its pre-transitional urban pattern. It is pointed out that this spatial change follows a mutually interactive, parallel path with the socio-economic composition of the city. The peculiarity of Tirana stands in the fact that post-socialist socio-spatial transformations are better defined by Balkanization (implying individuality and hostility) rather than segregation (which implies clustering). 相似文献
999.
1000.