中印边界西段的东半部分有条约根据吗?——试析20世纪五六十年代中印双方关于边界问题的一个分歧

在20世纪五六十年代的中印边界争端中,印度政府认为,1684年条约和1842年条约是其主张的中印边界西段东半部分（西藏-拉达克边界）的条约根据。但中国政府认为这两个条约并不能成为这段边界合法有效的条约根据。中国政府的主张是有事实依据的,而印度政府的观点则是无法成立的。     

子弟书作者"鹤侣氏"生平、家世考略

十八世纪后半和十九世纪流行于北京、天津、沈阳等地的曲艺形式子弟书,正愈来愈受到重视.继上海古籍出版社的《子弟书丛钞》之后,最近,又有两家出版社先后出版了经过整理的《清车王府钞藏曲本子弟书集》,为我们认识、研究这种特殊的曲艺形式提供了资料.     

Predicting Ductile Crack Initiation of Steel Bridge Structures Due to Extremely Low-Cycle Fatigue Using Local and Non-Local Models

The strain-based prediction model combining the Miner's rule and Manson-Coffin's relationship provides a local parameter for evaluating the ductile crack initiation of steel structures, and some modified models based on it were proposed to evaluate extremely low-cycle fatigue (ELCF) behaviors of steel structures. Previous research has confirmed these local models to be an accurate index for ductile crack initiation in steel bridge piers, however it is found to quite depend on the mesh size of the numerical model used. In this study, a non local damage parameter is presented and successfully applied to ductile crack initiation life assessment of steel bridge piers subjected to earthquake-type cyclic loading. The non local damage parameter is based on averaging the strains over the effective plane using a weight function in the exponential form, and introduces the non local damage parameter to replace the local state variable. Finite element analysis with three different mesh sizes is employed. Comparisons of the local and non local solutions with those of experiments indicate that the non local prediction model can predict the ductile crack initiation of steel bridge piers with good accuracy regardless of the specimen geometries and loading histories, meanwhile the mesh independent nature of the non local model is also demonstrated.     

论邓小平对新时期民族理论的贡献

新时期以来．邓小平以求实的科学精神创造性地总结民族工作的实践经验．提出了民族工作的首要任务是发展经济、民族区域自治是我国社会制度的优势、争取整个中华民族的大团结等一系列新思想、新观点．从而形成了邓小平民族理论的科学体系。这是邓小平对马克思主义民族理论的新贡献,是我们党在新时期解决民族问题的总纲领和行动指南。     

Seismic Damage to Structures in the 2015 Nepal Earthquake Sequences

The 7.8 Mw Gorkha earthquake struck the east of Lamjung in Nepal, followed by a sequence of powerful aftershocks. Chinese Team Six including the authors inspected the seismic damage to civil structures along 10 paths in densely populated areas with a seismic intensity of VII to IX, 40 days after the main shock. The damage was categorized according to structure types and described in detail. Several conclusions are made: powerful aftershocks can significantly affect the failure patterns; geological conditions, structure types, and height have great influence on the level of damage; and the local risky retrofitting technique needs improvement badly.     

PEOPLE SAFEGUARDING LIVES IN CHANGTANG GRASSLAND

<正>"Let me walk into the water and try it,"said Director Tsewang while he was rolling up his pants to his knees.He took out a shovel from the rear door of the car and walked towards the water.He tried to test the depth of the water by using his feet and moved forward slowly.With every step,he trod hard on the ground underwater and constantly used the shovel to clear the way.What he     

Flexibility and Public Accountability in Public Land Development Projects in Progress

Abstract

Local authorities have moved many entrepreneurial activities outside the direct control of the municipal council. This includes land development activities relating to planning policies which involve both private development and public infrastructure. Many studies have shown that positioning activities outside the control of elected bodies undermines public accountability. Less is known, however, about public accountability in contexts where entrepreneurial activities are still run by the local authority. This issue may be particularly relevant when it comes to projects that are already underway because entrepreneurial activities imply flexibility and the choices made as part of this flexibility also need to be justified. This paper is based on a study of five key projects in a single municipality, Midden-Delfland in the Rotterdam/The Hague metropolitan region in the Netherlands, and analyses how land development projects are organized within a local authority. It shows that while they are structured to allow for flexibility in the process, the level of public accountability is not ideal. The quality of arguments used and the way in which decisions are justified leave room for improvement, which might be promising because they are organized within the local authority.     

＂I Want to Be a Wildlife Protector When I Grow up＂

This team of wildlife protectors is a group of local antihunting herdsmen living on the Changtang Grassland of Tibet.The team members obtained the local government's support by providing some supplementary funds. This group of herdsmen regularly patrols their administrative     

馆藏剥制动物标本害虫防治法的研究进展

剥制动物标本作为自然博物馆的重要藏品,具有极高的收藏、研究和展览价值,但因其本身富含有机质,极易遭受害虫的损害。传统有毒化学药品消杀法是博物馆防治害虫的重要方法,该法在将数以万计的剥制动物标本成功保存下来的同时也给人类健康和自然环境带来了严重的危害。科学家一直在探寻各种新型的动物标本害虫防治方法,希望在防治虫害和保护人类健康及自然环境之间找到最佳的平衡点。国内博物馆收藏有数量庞大的剥制动物标本,但相应的害虫防治技术研究却相对滞后并严重阻碍了博物馆行业的健康发展。在综合国内外现有相关文献的基础上,对剥制动物标本制作工艺、虫害及防治方法的研究进展综述,以期为我国博物馆工作提供参考资料。     

试论东乡手抓餐饮发展的民族文化

作为一种西北特有的清真餐饮种类,东乡手抓具有明显的民族特色和地域优势。本文试图从民族文化相关性角度探讨东乡手抓餐饮企业的发展,分析并论证影响其发展的因素,并就其现状提出了相关对策和建议。