湖北郧县直立人遗址研究新进展

郧县人Ⅰ号头骨、郧县人Ⅱ号头骨分别于1989年5月和1990年6月出土于中国湖北省郧县直立人遗址。2000年以来中法两国学者对遗址进行了深入研究,在考古学、古人类学、沉积学、微观形态学、地球化学、磁性地层学、地球年代学和孢粉学研究方面取得了一些新成果。研究成果显示遗址的年代在距今984000~780000年之间,两具头骨化石的年代在距今936000年左右,是世界上更新世早期重要的直立人化石之一;郧县人遗址石制品面貌比较古老,是中国南方典型的砾石石器文化传统。     

黑水靺鞨的装饰品及渊源

黑水靺鞨装饰品体系由A系、B系与C系组成.A系具有土著特色,B系来源于唐文化,C系来源于突厥文化.黑水靺鞨装饰品从一个侧面反映了黑水靺鞨文化的多元性.     

临沂洗砚池晋墓出土漆器考议

临沂洗砚池晋墓是近年山东地区汉晋考古的一次重要发现.在大量的珍贵文物中,漆器显得尤为受人关注.本文结合考古资料,对这批漆器的器形种类、制作工艺、铭文以及产地等相关问题,进行了分析和探讨.     

朱熹门人冯椅小传辑补

南宋江西都昌籍理学家冯椅,由于<宋史>的简略而致使其生平事迹难得彰显,甚至妄加蠡测出现讹谬.今通过查阅正史、家谱、地方志、文人别集等传世历史文献,并实地考察冯椅的历史遗迹、碑刻、墓地,详细考证了冯椅的生平事迹.     

中共建党与近代上海社会

1921年7月,中共一大在上海召开。作为工业化、现代化和国际化都市的上海,为中共成立提供了最适宜的地理环境。以上海工人为主体的中国工人阶级的壮大和阶级觉悟的提高,为共产党的创建奠定阶级基础。上海发达的媒介网络为马克思主义的早期传播提供便利条件。伴随新文化运动的勃兴,上海成为先进知识分子的集聚与活动中心。以陈独秀为核心的《新青年》编辑部和马克思主义研究会则为中共上海发起组提供基本成员,上海发起组实际担当了组建中共的临时中央。中共在上海的成立是上海近代化的结果。共产党的成立及其初期的活动,构成上海近代史的华章。     

新中国成立初期浙江省嘉兴地区乡村小学教育探析

新中国成立初期,嘉兴地区的乡村小学教育在国家的大力扶持下有了较快的发展,呈现出社会主义的新特征。但在社会主义建设过程中,由于急于求成,不少小学亦出现了流生严重、校群关系紧张等不良现象。同时,因为中央政府注重将乡村小学教育和农村社会环境相结合,使得中央和地方政府能够及时发现并解决问题。这表明国家在乡村小学教育中扮演着非常重要的角色,必须充分意识到政策在实践中的有效性,才能更好地进行国家建设。     

改革开放初期河北省高阳县社队企业转型和农村私营企业兴起的考察

20世纪70年代末80年代初,在国家政策扶持下,社队企业在集体所有制下实现了较快发展。农业实行包干到户之后,社队企业迅速转型,或直接转化为个体、私营企业,或实行了各种形式的责任制。社队企业转型与农村私营企业兴起之间有着密不可分的关联,前者成为后者的起点。社队企业向农村私营企业的转型为以后城镇中小型企业转型积累了宝贵的经验和教训。     

Elastic Displacement Spectrum-Based Design Approach for Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames

The design focus for a buckling-restrained braced frame (BRBF) is that the buckling-restrained braces (BRBs) dissipate most of the seismic energy while the main frame retains a degree of elastic stiffness under a major earthquake. An elastic displacement spectrum based design method is presented in this article, which can directly determine the sectional area of the BRBs. The yield displacement in the roof of the main frame is taken as the target displacement under a major earthquake. An elastic displacement design spectrum is used to solve the target period of the BRBF. To validate this method, a six-story buckling-restrained braced steel frame is designed using the proposed method, and a series of nonlinear response history analyses (RHAs) are performed to verify the design result. The example shows that the required BRB area can be simply and accurately determined by the proposed method. The error between the given target displacement and the RHA results is 4.0% and 21.3% for BRBFs designed with BRB yield strength of 235 Mpa and 100 Mpa, respectively.     

Testing the standardized growth curve (SGC) to OSL dating coastal sediments from the south Bohai Sea, China

It has been suggested that the standardized growth curve (SGC) method can be used to accurately determinate equivalent dose (D_e) and reduce measurement time. However, different opinions regarding the applicability of the SGC method exist. In this paper, we evaluated quartz OSL SGCs of marine and coastal sediments of different grain sizes and different cores in the south Bohai Sea in China, and tested their applicability to the determination of D_e values. Our results suggested as follows: (1) The SGC method is applicable to both multiple- and single-aliquot regenerative-dose (MAR and SAR) protocols of OSL dating and efficiently provides reliable estimates of D_e. (2) Finesand quartz of different palaeodoses showed highly similar dose-response curves and an SGC was developed, but old samples using the SGC method have large uncertainties. (3) For coarse-silt quartz, two different types of dose-response curves were recorded: low-dose (≤60Gy) and high-dose (≥100Gy). The growth curves of low-dose quartz were similar to each other, facilitating the use of SGC in D_e estimations, but errors tended to be larger than those obtained in the SAR method. For high-dose (100–300Gy) quartz, the SGC was also found to be reliable, but there was large uncertainty in D_e (>300Gy) estimation. We suggest that SGC could be employed for the dating of marine and coastal sediments dating using either MAR or SAR OSL protocol and either fine-silt, coarse-silt or fine-sand quartz.     

土默特平原聚落分布形态演变及其驱动因素分析(1934—2019)

选取土默特平原1934、1982和2019年的聚落人口数据,运用GIS空间分析法,定性与定量结合分析研究区聚落分布形态演变及其驱动因素,结果表明,1934—2019年土默特平原以小聚落为主,大规模聚落数量和比例逐年增加,人口等级结构由“扁平”向“长高”金字塔形转变。聚落空间分布整体呈现集聚分布特征,大规模聚落集聚性不显著,其他规模的聚落分布模式由随机向集聚转变,研究区人口极化现象显著;聚落空间分布非均衡发展趋势明显,呈现由极核式向点轴式演变的迹象;聚落网络联系的空间近邻效应显著,人口规模较大的中心城区成为强联系节点。地形、河流、交通是研究区聚落分布形态演变的主要驱动因素,聚落低海拔、邻河流、邻干道、邻城镇的指向性强。该研究便于厘清土默特平原近百年聚落分布形态的演变脉络,为当地聚落的空间布局优化与调控提供一定参考价值。