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Drawing on survey and ethnographic data, this article presents empirical evidence regarding the impact of work participation on poor women's lives in urban Bangladesh. Working for pay is common among poor, married women in Dhaka and working women commonly make an important contribution to household income. There is evidence that working women are more likely to manage money, shop for household provisions and move about outside the home than non‐working women. Working women also appear better able to accumulate personal assets and take steps to secure their own well‐being. Despite such signs of challenge to ‘traditional’ gender identity, social and economic structures continue to be heavily weighted against women, limiting the impact of employment on other dimensions of their lives. In the acutely insecure urban setting, women (and men) are found to pursue multiple strategies aimed at both securing ‘centrality’ within their families, as well as protecting personal interests should familial entitlements prove unreliable. 相似文献
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Empires were expansive polities based on the extraction of resources and economic surplus from subdued territories and people through a range of strategies of domination. Based on research on Oroncota in the Southeastern Inka region, this article presents evidence from architecture, settlement shifts, storage capacity and artifacts distribution, to illustrate the mechanics of dis-embedded Inka imperial centers. As an alternative form of control in the territorial and hegemonic spectrum, this research focuses on the nature and evolution of Inka dis-embedded centers as an alternative form of provincial control based on the use of architecture of power. 相似文献
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Sonia O’Connor Esam Ali Salim Al-Sabah Danish Anwar Ed Bergström Keri A. Brown Jo Buckberry Stephen Buckley Matthew Collins John Denton Konrad M. Dorling Adam Dowle Phil Duffey Howell G.M. Edwards Elsa Correia Faria Peter Gardner Andy Gledhill Karl Heaton Carl Heron Rob Janaway Brendan J. Keely David King Anthony Masinton Kirsty Penkman Axel Petzold Matthew D. Pickering Martin Rumsby Holger Schutkowski Kimberley A. Shackleton Jerry Thomas Jane Thomas-Oates Maria-Raimonda Usai Andrew S. Wilson Terry O’Connor 《Journal of archaeological science》2011
Archaeological work in advance of construction at a site on the edge of York, UK, yielded human remains of prehistoric to Romano-British date. Amongst these was a mandible and cranium, the intra-cranial space of which contained shrunken but macroscopically recognizable remains of a brain. Although the distinctive surface morphology of the organ is preserved, little recognizable brain histology survives. Though rare, the survival of brain tissue in otherwise skeletalised human remains from wet burial environments is not unique. A survey of the literature shows that similar brain masses have been previously reported in diverse circumstances. We argue for a greater awareness of these brain masses and for more attention to be paid to their detection and identification in order to improve the reporting rate and to allow a more comprehensive study of this rare archaeological survival. 相似文献
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Sonia E. Chadwick 《Medieval archaeology》2013,57(1):1-3
IN a recent article entitled ‘Cruck construction: a survey of the problems’, J. T. Smith used distribution maps to show that the theory of a Germanic origin for the cruck cannot be maintained, and that the evidence of cruck distribution argues strongly for a Celtic origin.1 He concluded that the ‘progress from ridge-posts to crucks occurred during the first four centuries of the Christian era and perhaps earlier’ but had to admit that ‘no cruck construction has yet been recognized by excavation in Britain’.2 This paper presents details of a cruck building of late or sub-Roman date found at Latimer in Buckinghamshire, during excavations in the vicinity of the Romano-British villa. 相似文献
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Sara Fiorentino Tania Chinni Enrico Cirelli Rossella Arletti Sonia Conte Mariangela Vandini 《Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences》2018,10(1):223-245
The paper reports and discusses data obtained by archaeological and archaeometric studies of glass vessels and tesserae from the qasr of Khirbet al-Mafjar (near Jericho, Palestine). Archaeological contextualisation of the site and chrono-typological study of glass vessels were associated to EPMA and LA–ICP–MS analyses, performed to characterise the composition of the glassy matrix (major and minor components as well as trace elements). Analyses allowed achieving meaningful and intriguing results, which gain insights into the production and consumption of glass vessels and tesserae in the near East during the Umayyad period (seventh–eighth centuries). Within the analysed samples, both an Egyptian and a Levantine manufacture have been identified: such data provide evidence of a double supply of glass from Egypt and the Syro-Palestinian coast in the Umayyad period occurring not only in the glassware manufacture but also in the production of base glass intended to be used in the manufacture of mosaic tesserae. Thus, the achieved results represent the first material evidence of a non-exclusive gathering of glass tesserae from Byzantium and the Byzantines in the manufacture of early Islamic mosaics. 相似文献
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Federico Valenzuela-Beltrán Sonia E. Ruiz Alfredo Reyes-Salazar Edén Bojórquez 《Journal of Earthquake Engineering》2018,22(1):36-62
A reliability-based methodology to estimate strength amplification factors for structures with asymmetric yielding is proposed. The approach is based on structural demand hazard analyses. Nonlinear time-history analyses of tridimensional simplified systems are carried out. The effects of two orthogonal components of the seismic ground motions and soil-structure interaction, are considered. Results show that the expected ductility demand of systems with asymmetric yielding may be much higher than those of symmetric systems. A simplified mathematical expression (which is function of the ratio between the fundamental vibration period of the system and that of the soil, ductility demand, and level of asymmetric yielding) is proposed to estimate the amplification factors. The expression is applied successfully to a 9-story reinforced concrete building exhibiting asymmetric yielding produced by tilting. 相似文献
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The skeletal remains of a medieval leper from the hospital of Sts James and Mary Magdalene, Chichester, demonstrate osseous alterations in possible response to altered posture and crutch-aided locomotion. This individual provides further insight into the possible identification of osseous changes commensurate with maintained abnormal posture and strenuous use of one limb to aid locomotion. In this regard, it allows an appreciation and assessment of skeletal plasticity as a possible response to trauma and disease processes. 相似文献