Commissioned Citizenship: The Evolution of Pedagogical Citizen Construction in Canada, 1947–1994

One of the most influential tools that the state wields in developing citizenship is public education. The 19 royal commissions and major reports on education completed in provinces across Canada between 1947 and 1994 offer valuable insight into what the Canadian state conceives as ideal citizenship. The following work attempts to answer two research questions: (1) When do provincial governments desire to change the direction of education (and construction of citizens)?; and (2) How do provincial governments define the ideal citizen once reform is initiated? This essay finds that through three eras of reform, the pedagogical focus on citizenship moved from the individual to the community to a diluted form with no unifying vision. The sum of these attempts at change and conceptions of ideal citizenry leads one further from an accepted meaning of the continually elusive notion of Canadian citizenship.     

Male Saints and Devotional Masculinity in Late Medieval England

This article considers the ways in which the lives of male monastic saints circulating in late medieval England (and the cults of male saints more widely) were underpinned by certain ideas and ideals of masculinity and the functions which these performed. It argues for the significance of male saints serving as devotional models for the lay audience of these texts (both men and women). The two main sources are William Caxton's Golden Legend (published in 1483) and his Vitas Patrum (published after his death by Wynkyn de Worde in 1495). It therefore seeks to make a contribution to our understanding of the ways in which piety was used to assess masculinity, but also the extent to which piety as a social identity (both public and private in nature) was informed by notions of manliness.     

Reconstruction corruption and the redeemers’ prosecution of Francis Lewis Cardozo

This essay recreates in detail the 1877 trial of Francis L. Cardozo, who was state treasurer and a leading African American political figure in Reconstruction South Carolina. Cardozo's trial and conviction provides a quintessential example of the white Redeemers’ racially perverted reaction to the supposedly systemic corruption of the state's Reconstruction government. The essay reveals how much the prosecution of Cardozo was motivated and permeated by racial and political motives. The detailed examination should encourage a re‐evaluation of the history of Reconstruction corruption in the South, and of the Redeemers’ reaction to it.     

Correction

SCOTLAND

The Coastal Geomorphology of North Uist. By W. Ritchie. O'Dell Memorial Monograph No. 1, 11 1/2 x 8 1/2, 32 pages, 12 figures, Department of Geography, University of Aberdeen, 1968, 10s.

Farming. By Miss Ann Glen. 7 1/2 x 8 1/2. 42 pp. + vi. Heinemann Educational Books Ltd., London, 1969. 6s.

GENERAL

Urban Studies: an aid to research. By B. N. Sinha and T. N. Achuta Rao. 207 pp. Karnatak University, Dharwar, India, 1968.

Cultural Geography: An Evolutionary Introduction to Our Humanized Earth. By J. E. Spencer and W. L. Thomas. 10 3/4 x 7 3/4, viii+591 pp. Photographs, figures and tables. John Wiley, Chichester, 1969. 97s.

The Arid Zones. By K. Walton. 8 1/4 x 5 1/4. 175 pp. 1 figures, bibliography. Hutchinson University Library, London, 1969.12/6d.

World Atlas of Mountaineering. Ed. by Wilfred Noyce and Ian McMorrin. 11 x 8 1/4 224 pp. Nelson, 1969. 90s.

EDUCATIONAL

Environmental Studies—a concentric approach. By T. H. Masterton. 9 3/4 x 6 3/4 Pp. 68. Illustrated. Bibliography. Oliver Boyd, Edinburgh 1969. 18s.

A Notebook of Physical Geography. By K. Briggs. 9 3/4 x 7 1/2. Pp. 109. One of a series of Basic Geographical Notebooks. Univ. of London Press Ltd., 1969. 11s.

North West Europe ‐ A New School Geography, Vol. 4. By Dobson &; Virgo. 7 3/8 x 10 pp. 128, illustrated, index. English University Press, 1969. 16s.