四艺纹刻画彩釉陶盆与界首彩陶烧制技艺的历史渊源

界首彩陶烧制技艺于2006年5月成功入选首批国家级非物质文化遗产保护名录,随着保护和宣传力度的不断深入,对这一古老民间工艺在历史、艺术、工艺等方面价值的探索与研究,也应逐渐成为相关学术界的新课题。笔者作为一名基层文博工作者,有幸成为此项目申报的执笔人,通过此文将近年的研究偶得公之于众,希望能抛砖引玉,换来社会各界对界首彩陶烧制技艺更多的关注。     

陕西历史博物馆藏的几件唐代滑石器

在唐代慕葬发掘中,时常有一些滑石器出土。这些滑石器通常作为玉器的替代品,它们不仅色泽、质地与玉器相近,而且在装饰工艺上也与玉器相同,当中的一些甚至可以与玉器乱真。可以说这些滑石器从一定程度上是对唐代玉器的补充,本文摭选几件陕西历史博物馆所藏具有代表性的滑石器作一介绍。     

地方经济史本地化的优势与陷阱

中国经济史学者研究地方经济史始于20世纪30年代。50年代之后,研究本地特色经济史已逐渐形成一股热潮。在当前阶段,经济史中的同地研究已占主要地位,成为研究的主流。这种现象可以称之为地方经济史研究的本土化或本地化,有利于研究者发挥优势,有利于中国经济史学科的深入发展,有利于发挥经济史学的社会功能。地方经济史研究的本地化,既是中国经济史学发展到当前阶段的必然结果,也是它进一步发展的要求与动力。地方经济史研究本地化的发展为中国经济史学科的建设奠定了坚实基础,促进经济史学研究的内容更加丰富和学风更趋朴实,但在研究中也要避免由乡土情感带来的感情和理智平衡问题造成的陷阱。     

明代中国历史趋势:帝制农商社会

Majority of contemporary Chinese historians have been employing a conceptual framework focusing on the difficulty of capitalistic development in China to analyze the historical trend and potentials of late imperial China. This approach based upon the presupposition of viewing the pattern of Chinese history as abnormal reflects with the remaining influence of the Western-centric methodology. Further, based upon a “normal” point of view, seven fundamental, irreversible, and systematical changes to the Ming society could be identified. By conclusion, China in the Ming period was transforming into an imperial agric-mercantile society. This process proves that late imperial China was not stagnate society without “history,” meanwhile, its pattern of development was clearly not identical to the Western style modernization progress. __________ Translated by Chen Cheng from Dongbei Shida Xuebao 东北师大学报(Journal of Northeast Normal University), 2007, (1): 5–13     

俄藏敦煌文献缀合四则

俄藏敦煌写卷碎片很多,其中有许多可以缀合.本文拈出四个可缀合的写卷,提供缀合后的图版,并尝试进行定名和录文,定名一律参照其他有原题的同类写卷.     

渤海瓦当类型学考察及分期

本文以渤海遗址出土的瓦当为研究对象,以渤海上京龙泉府、珲春八连城、和龙西古城遗址发掘出土的瓦当为主,进行类型学分析和分期,初步探讨渤海莲花纹瓦当的发展规律和演变轨迹。     

Trading places: Quentovic and Dorestad reassessed

In any list of Carolingian emporia, Quentovic and Dorestad feature prominently, yet the numismatic evidence reveals a complete contrast between the two. In the late eighth and early ninth centuries, contrary to popular belief, Quentovic was of very little economic significance. At the same time, Dorestad was booming, reaching the peak of its prosperity around 820. Only thirty years later, the situation was dramatically reversed: Dorestad rapidly declined and disappeared, while Quentovic enjoyed a remarkable renaissance. This challenges the current theory that the emporia disappeared in the mid-ninth century, to be replaced by the emerging towns.     

The geographies of Swinging London

The processes of modernisation that re-capitalised London in the post-war period can be located in both dominant and resistant movements. Many aspects of the city's discursive fabric in the 1950s and 1960s were underpinned by a similar geographical imagination. This geographical imagination was characterised by a desire to visualise and represent nature and the real afresh and can be found in modernist architecture and planning aesthetics, Pop Art, Op Art, Angry realist writing, the style of Swinging London, and the tactics of counter-cultural rebellion in the city. Acknowledged geographies of modernity and anti-modernity are therefore questionable. Similarly, the geographies of power and resistance are constituted by more than spatial tactics and moral or behavioural boundaries as they are often rendered. An approach that understands hegemonic processes in terms of geographical imaginations allows an analysis that moves beyond outward manifestations of resistance and enables an engagement with the less palpable aspects of dissent such as ideology and aesthetics.     

The field, the museum and the lecture hall: the spaces of natural history in Victorian Cornwall

This paper contributes to our understandings of the geographies of science through an analysis of nineteenth–century natural history and, in particular, of the provincial natural history society. Focusing on nineteenth–century Cornwall and one of the main natural history societies operating in the county at that time – the Penzance Natural History and Antiquarian Society – it is argued that a set of key spaces were integral to the operations and outputs of such societies. The paper details the significance of the Penzance Society's museum, field sites and lecture hall as sites for communal work of local natural historians. They were also important, it is argued, in their construction of West Cornwall as a site of national natural scientific importance. Lastly, these spaces defined an agenda for regional scientific study. In particular, they promoted a taxonomic method that would transform local people into rigorous scientists and the local region into a 'book of nature'.     

‘Black Economic Empowerment’, Business and the State in South Africa

‘Black Economic Empowerment’ (BEE) has been a major policy thrust of the democratic governments in South Africa since 1994 in attempting to redress the effects of apartheid. In this article, we explore the historical precedents to BEE in South Africa, review the different steps taken in promoting it, and assess some of its outcomes to date. We argue that BEE can take only limited forms because of the economic policy constraints in which it has been incorporated. Moreover, these forms have an increasingly managerial logic that further restricts what can be achieved. Short of a major shift in conceptions of — and policy for — BEE, meaningful ‘empowerment’ is unlikely to take place.