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31.
Matthias Kucera Doris Pany-Kucera Célia Helena Boyadjian Karl Reinhard Sabine Eggers 《Journal of archaeological science》2011
The Boyadjian et al dental wash technique provides, in certain contexts, the only chance to analyze and quantify the use of plants by past populations and is therefore an important milestone for the reconstruction of paleodiet. With this paper we present recent investigations and results upon the influence of this method on teeth. A series of six teeth from a three thousand years old Brazilian shellmound (Jabuticabeira II) was examined before and after dental wash. The main focus was documenting the alteration of the surfaces and microstructures. The status of all teeth were documented using macrophotography, optical light microscopy, and atmospheric Secondary Electron Microscopy (aSEM) prior and after applying the dental wash technique. The comparison of pictures taken before and after dental wash showed the different degrees of variation and damage done to the teeth but, also, provided additional information about microstructures, which have not been visible before. Consequently we suggest that dental wash should only be carried out, if absolutely necessary, after dental pathology, dental morphology and microwear studies have been accomplished. 相似文献
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Michael Anton Bradley L. Garrett Alison Hess Ellie Miles Terri moreau 《International Journal of Heritage Studies》2013,19(2):125-138
The waterways of London are an essential component of the city, with the River Thames playing a prominent role in the heritage, history and identity of place. The upcoming 2012 Olympics are highlighting the Lea Valley waterways in east London as another important part of London’s waterscape, expanding London’s global presence as a ‘water city’. As part of the Creative Campus Initiative, we undertook a project based on the broad themes of water, London and the Olympics that would give voice to the changes taking place. The result is London’s Olympic Waterscape, a 20-minute film comprising both ‘expert’ interview material discussing broad themes and developments and an embodied record of our engagement with the Olympic area during a brief period in the construction process. The present article is about the journey we took through and around the east London ‘Olympic’ waterways as we attempted to capture this transitional moment on video. 相似文献
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Derzeit ist eine Zunahme und Intensivierung natur- und landschaftsgebundener Erholungs- bzw. Freizeitaktivit?ten zu beobachten.
Wenn Fl?chen gleichzeitig durch Naturschutz „genutzt“ werden, resultieren daraus Konflikte. Vor allem in Nationalparken, deren
Ziel eine freie und vom Menschen unbeeinflu?te Naturentwicklung ist, kommt dem Spannungsfeld „Naturschutz versus Erholungsnutzung“
wachsende Bedeutung zu. Planungsma?nahmen zur Erholungsnutzung im Einklang mit Naturschutzgedanken sollten sich daher auf
ein Besuchermonitoring stützen. Generell kann „Monitoring of Visitor Flows“ den Entscheidungstr?gern Aussagen über Besucherzahlen,
-charakteristika, -verhalten und -wünsche bereitstellen. Die Literatur weist jedoch auf bestehende Defizite beim Besuchermonitoring
(mittel-)europ?ischer Schutzgebiete hin. Um einen methodischen überblick und eine theoretische Grundlage für die Weiterentwicklung
zu einem ad?quaten Besuchermonitoring bereitzustellen, wurden verschiedene Nationalparke in Deutschland, ?sterreich und der
Schweiz zu dem von ihnen durchgeführten Monitoring befragt. Die Ergebnisse spiegeln Bedarf und Probleme wider. 相似文献
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Sabine Gaudzinski-Windheuser Lutz Kindler Rivka Rabinovich Naama Goren-Inbar 《Journal of archaeological science》2010
The current paper reports an experimental case study to test the heterogeneity of faunal assemblages from the Early-Middle Pleistocene Layers V-5 and V-6 of the Gesher Benot Ya’aqov Acheulian site (Israel). Tumbling and trampling experiments were initiated to gain qualitative insight into processes of bone modification and to assess the timing of the biostratonomic chronology, as it was assumed that both mechanisms were responsible for the formation of striations documented on the bone surfaces from the site. The tumbling experiments mimicked sediment movement in a calm lacustrine shoreline environment whereas the trampling experiments investigate the role of animal/hominin activities in dry, muddy and wet environments. Models for the internal operational sequence of an abrasional process due to uni- and multidirectional water movement and of a trampling scenario are presented. These models are used for the interpretation of the fauna from Gesher Benot Ya’aqov. 相似文献
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Sabine Klein Gerhard Peter Brey Soodabeh Durali-Müller Yann Lahaye 《Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences》2010,2(1):45-56
Copper isotopes can be successfully used to determine the origin of copper or bronze artefacts from either primary or supergene
sulphide or hydrocarbonate ores. In conjunction with lead isotopes, they provide information on the origin and type of the
metal ore. We demonstrate this in this paper from the combination of literature and own data on metal ores and artefacts (coins
and ingots). Low-temperature hydrocarbonates (esp. malachite and azurite) do not fractionate the copper isotopes amongst each
other and have identical lead isotopes. Substantial fractionation of copper isotopes, however, occurs between copper sulphides
and hydrocarbonates (malachite, azurite) such that the 65Cu isotope is always enriched in the oxidised relative to the sulphide phase with a clear distinction between the two ore
types. Expressed in the δ65Cu notation, we assigned supergene sulphides to values less than −0.4‰ down to negative values of −2‰ and more, primary sulphides
to a range between −0.4 and +0.3‰ and hydrocarbonates to positive values higher than +0.3‰. We have applied these boundaries
to copper coins and ingots from the time of the Roman emperors with known ages from Augustus up to 250 AD. The deposit fields
of the metal used for the production of the coins were previously identified from the lead isotope ratios to lie in the Southwest
and the Central South of Spain. From the combination of the lead and copper isotopes and the exact time constrains, we could
develop a picture of the change in mining activities in Spain involving continued mining sulphide ore deposits and, indicated
by positive δ65Cu values as proxies for malachite and azurite, the opening of new mines in various time slots. This first application shows
that copper isotopes will become the most important tool in archaeometallurgy to distinguish between the exploitation of deeper-seated
primary and supergene sulphide ores and shallower, secondary hydrocarbonate ores. This will become especially relevant for
archaeometric questions regarding the distinction between occasional and intentionally produced alloys. 相似文献
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Sabine Hess 《Oceania; a journal devoted to the study of the native peoples of Australia, New Guinea, and the Islands of the Pacific》2006,76(3):285-296
What happens to people's concept of the person when their ‘dividuality’ engages with the Christian concept of the ‘individual’? According to Vanua Lava kastom, when people die they go to sere timiat, the place of the dead. But do they still go there when the person had been a Christian during their life time? Where is the Christian heaven and hell? Is there a separate Christian ‘soul’? Will the dead be eternally separated from each other and their ancestors? Can kastom and Christian concepts be reconciled? Depending on denomination and degree of conversion (devout, nominal, or ‘back‐slider’) people have found multiple answers that help them conceptualise their final resting place. Their answers are of relevance for theoretical debates in anthropology about dividuality, individuality and engagement with modernity. 相似文献
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