Ethnographic filming: The scientific approach

Waika (Südamerika, Venezuela): Gewinnen von Curare und Herstellen von Giftpfeil‐Spitzen. Directed by Hermann Schlenker. Encylopaedia Cinematographica (EC) E 2001, color, 17 min., 1975. DM 952, 50.

!ko‐Buschmänner (Südafrika, Kalahari): Spiel “Oryx‐Antilope"mit einer Auseinandersetzung zwischen zwei Spielgruppen. Directed by Dieter Heunemann and H. J. Heinz. EC‐E 2107, color with synchronous sound, 11 min., 1975. DM 691,50.

Kirchfest “Romaria” von S. Bartolomeu do Mar (Südwest‐Europa, Portugal). Directed by Franz Simon. EC‐E 1889, color with synchronous sound, 21,5 min., 1973. DM 1311, 00.

Bali (Indonesien): Doppelikat in Tenganan Pegeringsingan. Directed by Urs Ramseyer and Nicole Ramseyer‐Gygi. A series of four films: EC‐E 2416, 43 min., DM 2896, 50; E 2417, 34 min., DM 2025,00; E 2418, 28 min., DM 1642,50; E 2419, 36 min., DM 2031,00. Color with German commentary 1978.     

The MSA sequence of Diepkloof and the history of southern African Late Pleistocene populations

This paper presents the first multidisciplinary synthesis of the Middle Stone Age sequence of Diepkloof Rock Shelter (South Africa). We explore the main cultural changes that characterized southern African hunter–gatherer societies from OIS 5 to the beginning of OIS 3. We discuss the tempo of these changes, test the current interpretative hypotheses and explore an empirical model to explain the early appearance of symbolic marking within the Pleistocene hunter–gather societies of southern Africa.     

First chronometric dates (TL and OSL) for the Aurignacian open-air site of Româneşti-Dumbrăviţa I,Romania

Currently, absolute dates for the emergence of the Early Upper Paleolithic and the timing of the earliest dispersal of anatomically modern humans (AMH) into Europe are sparse. This is especially true for regions adjoining the Eastern Mediterranean and Central Europe with its dense clusters of sites along the Austrian and German Danube Valley. This article makes a first step toward filling this gap and, for the first time, presents absolute ages for the open-air site of Române?ti-Dumbr?vi?a I (Banat, SW Romania) located close to the Oase Cave where some of the oldest AMH fossils were found. A set of heated artefacts recently excavated from the Aurignacian layer GH3 was dated by thermoluminescence (TL) and gives early chronometric dates for this technocomplex in Romania.     

Australian Cainozoic Bryozoa, 1: Nudicella gen. nov. (Onychocellidae,Cheilostomata): taxonomy,palaeoenvironments and biogeography

The new bryozoan genus Nudicella (Onychocellidae, Cheilostomata) is proposed to accommodate the common and widespread Australian Cainozoic cheilostome bryozoan Eschara clarkei Tenison Woods, which is redescribed and subdivided into four species: N. clarkei (Tenison Woods), N. cribriforma sp. nov., N. latiramosa sp. nov. and N. tenuis sp. nov. Cellaria gigantea Maplestone is also reassigned to Nudicella. Colonies of this genus display a wide variety of growth forms, including cribrate fenestrate, flat robust branching, foliose, delicate branching and encrusting; their occurrences correlate with changes in sedimentary facies and palaeoenvironments. The distinctive cribrate style of fenestrate growth form has evolved convergently in unrelated bryozoan groups at various geological intervals. It is found in a wide variety of sedimentary facies, as in other coexisting opportunistic genera such as Celleporaria, indicating a wide ecological tolerance. The oldest recorded occurrence of Nudicella is in the Paleocene of north western Australia. From there it appears to spread south in the Eocene and then east towards the Otway Basin in southeastern Australia, where it occurs in the Oligocene and Miocene; no post-Miocene representatives of this genus are yet known.     

THE DAILIES IN REVOLTS

The article addresses the following questions: How newsworthy were the global unrests as phenomena and which areas did the Norwegian press focus on? Did the global protest become a part of the Norwegian media agenda in 1968? Did the party commitments of the selected newspapers influence their reporting of protests and revolts as phenomena? Which of the Norwegian newspapers had the most extensive coverage of the protests and revolts? Furthermore, with respect to the Nordic countries: Did geographical and cultural proximity to events in Scandinavia lead to a more comprehensive coverage of these events? Based on a quantitative analysis of the total coverage of demonstrations, strikes and riots in selected Norwegian dailies in 1968, this article disputes Galtung and Ruge's Galtung, Johan and Ruge, Mari Holmboe. 1965. ‘The Structure of Foreign News’.. Journal of Peace Research, 2(1): 64–90. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar] classical hypothesis about geographical and cultural proximity as one of the most important news criteria.     

The Creative Economy: Vision or Illusion in the Structural Change?

This contribution discusses the hopes associated with the rise of the creative industries and gives explanations for the debates in politics, science and the media. In doing so, our underlying thesis is that the culture and creative economy is a virtual sector and that a uniform promotion—also by means of staged events that attract a lot of media attention—needs to be challenged. In a further step, the scientific implications will also be outlined on the basis of the term's “career” in the public debate. A brief analysis of the empiricism of the creative economy will provide further insight into its real significance and demonstrate possible definitional weaknesses of the term. The creative industries are an essential element of modern economic infrastructure. They will play an important role in the future, especially for cluster strategies. However, the scientific research so far is not able to reach more accurate conclusions regarding the effects of governance on the culture and creative industry. Therefore, this contribution shows future research fields. We will conclude by venturing an outlook on the further development of the sector and demonstrate its social and economic effects using the example of the Ruhr Area in North Rhine-Westphalia.