Book reviews

PRESENT AT THE CREATION. MY YEARS IN THE STATE DEPARTMENT. Dean Acheson. London, Hamish Hamilton Ltd., 1969. xviii, 798 pp. $12.80.

THE SPLIT: AUSTRALIAN LABOR IN THE FIFTIES. Robert Murray. Melbourne, Cheshire, 1970. vi, 388 pp. $5.95.

THE EMERGENCE OF THE SUPER‐POWERS: A SHORT COMPARATIVE HISTORY OF THE USA AND THE USSR. Paul Dukes. London, Macmillan, 1970. 155 pp. £1 and $3.40.

NEW PERSPECTIVES ON GANDHI. K. P. Karunakaran. Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Simla, 1969. ii, 115 pp. Rs. 10, $3.60 U.S.

LENIN THROUGH INDIAN EYES. K. P. S. Menon. Vikas Publications, Delhi, 1970. ix, 79 pp. Rs. 12.

AUSTRALIA AND THE UNITED NATIONS: NEW GUINEA TRUSTEESHIP ISSUES FROM 1946 TO 1966. W. E. Tomasetti. New Guinea Research Bulletin, No. 36, July 1970, New Guinea Research Unit, Australian National University, Canberra and Boroko. 108 pp. $1.50.

ENGLISH TRANSPORTED: ESSAYS ON AUSTRALASIAN ENGLISH. W. S. Ramson. (ed.). Australian National University Press, 1970. xii, 243 pp. $3.95 Paper. $6.00 Cloth.

THE FIRST AI.F. A STUDY OF ITS RECRUITMENT 1914–1918. L. L. Robson. Melbourne University Press, 1970. 230 pp. $6.75.     

Economic growth and restructuring in Canada's heartland and hinterland: From shift‐share to multifactor partitioning

The geography of the Canadian economy has long been dominated by heartland‐hinterland contrasts, with manufacturing identified as the dominant function of most heartland cities in analyses of the 1961 and 1971 census data. However, the proportion of employment in manufacturing has been declining in the heartland provinces of Ontario and Quebec over the past fifty years and some geographers argue that the heartland‐hinterland dimension of the regional economy is being overridden by city‐regions that are integrated into global networks of production and trade. The heartland‐hinterland trends are examined using multifactor partitioning (MFP), an advanced shift‐share methodology, for the period of 2001–2006. This is the first intercensal period in which Canadian business has faced the full impact of the removal of North American tariff protection and the increased globalization of the Canadian economy. The data covers employment by eighteen industry sectors for the seventy‐three economic regions defined by Statistics Canada. MFP measures the region and industry‐mix effects, which are interpreted as in the traditional shift‐share model (though they are derived more accurately) and, in addition, an interaction effect. The results demonstrate that the broad heartland‐hinterland differences in the distribution of population and employment growth are increasing not decreasing and that the hinterland is in fact falling further behind the heartland in employment growth. However the Calgary‐Edmonton corridor and the Lower Mainland of British Columbia are emerging as a western heartland. The population size of cities does affect their rates of employment growth, but so too does their location: the growth of heartland cities is outpacing those in the hinterland. The Appendix provides the equations for two‐variable multifactor partitioning.     

On What's Right and Keeping Left: Or Why Geography Still Needs Marxian Political Economy

Recently the value of Marxian approaches to human geography has again been called into question in the pages of Antipode. In this paper I review the reasons as to why geographers re‐discovered Marx and then, from the late 1960s, began to engage with Marxian approaches. I then consider some of the reasons why Marxian approaches in their turn became the subject of critique in geography and some of the alternatives explored in the wake of this. The conclusion is that a pluri‐theoretical human geography is necessary but that Marxian approaches remain of central significance to radical and critically minded geographers.