美国学者关于第三次台海危机起因的若干观点

自20世纪90年代以来,台湾问题研究在美国越来越受重视,相关论著不断涌现。其中,1995～1996年的第三次台海危机尤其成为研讨热点,除了一些相关专著、论文集问世之外,一些学术期刊相继刊出此次危机的研究专集。美国国防情报局自1990年以来每年一度关于中国人民解放军的研讨会,在1996年成了此次危机的专题研讨。美国学者对此次危机的研究主要围绕危机的起因和中国大陆、台湾地区和美国三方在危机中的得失、危机引起的国际反应、中国人民解放军的攻台能力、美国战略模糊政策的有效性等问题展开。其中大陆发动对     

China's energy security

As the Chinese energy deficit increases at rates equal to or exceeding its economic growth, energy security raises an alarm among its policy-makers and the international community. This article asks whether China faces any threat to its energy security; and whether China's worldwide quest for energy is a threat to the regional and international stability. The main argument is that while China faces serious challenges in meeting its rising energy demand, its efforts to do so have been primarily domestically focused. In its foreign energy policy, China has behaved like a normal player in the international energy market, buying as much oil as it can and investing in as many places as it can afford. It is unlikely that the country is willing to seek overseas energy supplies at the expense of a peaceful regional and international environment which is a necessary condition for its continuing economic development.     

江南地区社会特征与元代民族文化交融

江南地区具有多方融合、长于吸纳的开放的文化特征,在元代北方民族进入江苏后．在江南地区出现了综合性的习俗,形成了新的民族文化交融的局面。     

论清末东北宪政改革的特点

以实施宪政为中心的政治改革是清末东北政治现代化的重要特征。具体表现在 :一是通过官制改革调整了地方行政机构 ,加强了地方公署对边疆的控制 ,为东北实施宪政铺平了道路。二是把司法独立作为实施宪政的关键 ,完善了近代地方司法体系。三是以地方自治为实施宪政的基础 ,促进了东北近代民主运动的发展。四是以谘议局为实施宪政的后盾 ,扩大了谘议局参政的深度和广度 ,并充分利用谘议局与商会的特殊关系 ,使公署、谘议局、商会形成一个有机体 ,从而东北的宪政改革得以顺利进行。     

浅析赫勒敦史学研究中的唯物论思想因素——兼及伊斯兰文化对西欧文化的影响

在宗教世界观流行的中世纪穆斯林社会,史学研究不可避免地以历史唯心主义理论为主流。但西方伊斯兰社会出现的史学大师伊本.赫勒敦在自己的史学理论中,却较为深入广泛地体现出历史唯物论思想。这种唯物论思想在论述民族的兴衰、人民的经济活动及其与国家的关系、国家和王权产生的物质要素等各方面均有体现。他的这些唯物论思想对近代西欧的相关理论产生了不可忽视的影响。     

中国马克思主义史家论文史关系

中国马克思主义史家李大钊、郭沫若、翦伯赞、范文澜和白寿彝等从不同角度和层面对文史关系问题作了现代解答,将其内涵拓展到四个方面,即:史学与文学的学科性质及其关系、史学与文学认识(思维)形式的异同及相互关系、文史撰述的异同、史家文学性的才能和文学作品的史料价值。这些马克思主义史家的理论探讨为中国现代史学领域文史关系的发展做出了重要的理论贡献。     

陕西历史博物馆藏的几件唐代滑石器

在唐代慕葬发掘中,时常有一些滑石器出土。这些滑石器通常作为玉器的替代品,它们不仅色泽、质地与玉器相近,而且在装饰工艺上也与玉器相同,当中的一些甚至可以与玉器乱真。可以说这些滑石器从一定程度上是对唐代玉器的补充,本文摭选几件陕西历史博物馆所藏具有代表性的滑石器作一介绍。     

China and the United States in Africa: Coming conflict or commercial coexistence?

China and the US are two key players in the recent round of ‘scrambling’ for Africa. They compete for control over oil and other strategic resources, for markets, and for political influence. Their competition has alarmed many. This study tests the alarmist interpretations by identifying what the US and China are actually doing and to how they perceive each other's activities. Their ambitions are often considered in isolation. When laid out side by side, the extent to which their activities in Africa may overlap or clash can be seen more clearly. China and the US are seeking different things at different places in the continent and are careful not to upset one another. Their activities do not support the dire prediction. The ‘scramble for Africa’ may irritate; it is unlikely to cause direct confrontations because competition remains by and large economic and economic competition in an integrated global economy creates networks of constraints that ameliorate potential confrontation.     

Modernization And Adjustment： Case Study Of Kham Village

When talking about Tibetans, people naturally think about Tibet （Tibet Autonomous Region, which will be referred to as TAR in the following text）, but seldom realize that the Tibetan region extends far past the borders of Tibet. Based on Tibetan historical and cui tural differences, the Tibetan region of China can be divided into three major sections： Kham （khams）, Amdo and Weizang（dbus-gtsang）. Nowadays, as a result of administrative divisions, the Tibetan region belongs to different administrative areas in five provinces. Weizang includes most of today＇s Tibet Autono- mous region. Kham and Amdo are both historical conceptions, Kham lying to the east of Weizang and Amdo to the northwest. Kham and Amdo are divided into different administrative areas. Kham includes today＇s Chamdo Autonomous Prefecture （TAR）, Ganzi Autonomous Prefecture and part of Aba Autonomous prefecture （Ganzi and Aba both belong to Sichuan Province）,     

自行车普及与近代上海社会

Taking the popularization of bicycles in modern Shanghai as an example, this article discussed the interrelationship between the development of instruments and the users by analyzing the expansion of city space, formation of the city time rhythm, changes in consumption mode of different social classes, and the competition of various transportation tools, etc. The influences on the transformation of social life in Shanghai and other cities of China were also revealed. __________ Translated by Zhou Weiwei from Shilin 史林 (Historical Review), 2007, (1): 103–113