红木雕“八仙醉酒”座屏

山西省临汾地区丁村民俗博物馆收藏有一件红木雕《八仙醉酒》座屏,可惜屏座已失,仅留屏芯。这件红木雕艺术品,无论从雕刻技巧,布局结构,还是从人物造型,情节内容看,都是一件艺术价值和物价值较高的木雕工艺品。山西省物鉴定组于1988年将其定为二级物。     

两性对城市广场设计要素的关注差异研究——基于女性主义视角

传统的城市广场规划设计,多注重服务半径、设计理念等内容,对其服务范围内的人口特征缺乏有效研究,如性别、年龄、家庭结构等,造成广场活力下降。在南京市秦淮、白下两区的随机调查结果显示,在广场大小、广场内部道路设计、治安管理、卫生维护等设计要素上,两性对其的关注程度基本无差异,而在特殊设施、私密空间设计、绿化美学效果等方面,两性间的关注差异明显。基于女性主义思想,这一差异的产生缘于两性在家庭内部分工、空间认知、生活体验、审美、历史角色上的差异。     

从政治地理结构变化看边疆城市空间发展方向选——以哈尔滨为例

城市空间发展方向选择是城市规划中的重要问题。本文引入政治地理学中的政治地理结构概念,以哈尔滨城市为例,对边疆城市空间发展方向选择的影响因素进行分析,发现:在特定时期,政治因素可能成为决定边疆城市空间发展方向选择的主导因素;但是,一旦政治地理结构趋于稳定,多因素的综合作用将显著上升,边疆城市空间发展选择应因时、因地制宜。     

探析非物质文化遗产保护与高校教育的融合

非物质文化遗产保护和高校教育是互相联系、相互作用的两个彼此紧密联系的方面,处理好两者的关系不仅对于保护和传承非物质文化遗产具有重要的意义,而且也能促进教育的发展。     

Analyzing Space–Time Crime Incidents Using Eigenvector Spatial Filtering: An Application to Vehicle Burglary

Poisson models generally are utilized in analyzing spatial patterns of crime count data. When spatial autocorrelation is present, these models are extended to account for it. Among various methods, eigenvector spatial filtering (ESF) furnishes an efficient means of analysis. However, because space–time crime data have temporal components as well as spatial components, Poisson models need to be further adjusted to reflect the two types of components simultaneously. This article discusses how the ESF method can be utilized to model space–time crime data, extending the generalized linear mixed model specification for it. This approach is illustrated with an application to space–time vehicle burglary incidents in the city of Plano, Texas, during 2004–2009. Los modelos de Poisson generalmente se utilizan en el análisis de los patrones espaciales de los datos de recuento de crimen. Cuando hay autocorrelación espacial, estos modelos son modificados para dar cuenta de ello. Entre los diversos métodos existentes, el método Eigenvector (autovector, vector propio) de filtrado espacial (Eigenvector Spatial Filtering‐ESF) proporciona un medio eficaz para dicho análisis. Sin embargo, dado que los datos de criminalidad espacio‐temporales tienen tanto componentes temporales como espaciales, los modelos tipo Poisson requieren de un ajuste adicional para reflejar ambos tipos de componentes de manera simultánea. El artículo presente expone cómo el método ESF puede ser utilizado para modelar datos espacio‐temporales sobre delitos mediante la modificación del modelo mixto lineal generalizado (Generalized Linear Mixed Model‐GLMM). El procedimiento propuesto se ilustra con el caso de incidentes espacio‐temporales de robos de vehículos en la ciudad de Plano, Texas, durante 2004–2009. 泊松模型一般用于犯罪计数数据的空间模式分析中,当空间自相关关系呈现时,这类模型可扩展以解释潜在的分布特征。在各种模型中,特征向量空间滤波（ESF）提供了一种有效的分析方法。然而,由于时空犯罪数据包含时间和空间组分,因此泊松模型需要进一步调整以同时反映这两种不同类型的数据。本文讨论了如何利用特征向量空间滤波(ESF)模型对时空犯罪数据进行建模,并采用扩展广义线性混合模型(GLMM)进行规范。最后,以德克萨斯州普莱诺市2004‐2009年的车辆盗窃案数据进行了实证验证。     

从口述史到文本传记——以“曹刿—曹沫”为考察对象

有关先秦历史人物的史事记载在流传过程中,往往经历着史官记载——口述史——史官再记载的过程。在这一过程中,其人会因音近而出现异名,其事可能会有所增益或失真。纠缠不已的"曹刿—曹沫"的相关问题可以作为典型例证。上博简第四册《曹沫之陈》篇,曹刿、曹沫的本字""或"蔑"的出现,再次印证了先秦时期人物史事流传与演变的这一特点。这对于认识先秦史学的发展有一定的启发意义。     

A revealed preference index of urban amenities: Using travel demand as a proxy

We introduce an index of urban amenities based on hotel night stays that can rank most US metros for the years 1990 through 2015. This naive index can be used on its own to study changes in amenity level or with other measures to reduce omitted variable bias. Researchers can also use the index to create panel datasets from more sophisticated cross‐sectional indexes. Empirical testing shows the bundle of amenities associated with hotel stays has substantial effects on variation in housing prices across cities and time, validating our proxy variable approach. Testing for an association with wages is inconclusive.     

Impacts of Spatial Autocorrelation in Georeferenced Beta and Multinomial Random Variables

The literature is replete with acknowledgments that spatial autocorrelation (SA) inflates the variance of a random variable (RV), and that it also may alter other RV distributional properties. In most studies, impacts of SA have been examined only for the three most commonly used distributions: the normal, Poisson (and its negative binomial counterpart), and binomial distributions; much less is known about its effects on two other RVs that are utilized in GIScience research: the beta and the multinomial. The beta distribution—which is considered to be very flexible because it can mimic a uniform, exponential, sinusoidal, and normal RV—can be utilized to analyze the radiance of a remotely sensed image, for example. The multinomial distribution, a generalization of the binomial distribution, has been widely used for land use classification, and to describe land use change. The literature also suggests that RV impacts of negative SA, a neglected topic in spatial analysis, may differ from those of positive SA, at least for some RVs (e.g., the Poisson RV). The purpose of this article is to extend the investigation of effects of SA to beta and multinomial RVs, with both positive SA and negative SA assessed and contrasted with each other, using simulation experiments. The simulation experiments are designed to support this assessment. One of the major discoveries is that impacts of positive SA and negative SA behave similarly when a RV conforms to a normal distribution; however, maximum negative SA is unable to materialize for asymmetric RV, whereas positive SA always converges upon its maximum.     

新时代边疆治理现代化研究:内涵、价值与路向

边疆治理现代化,不仅构成了国家治理这一循环链条赖以持续运转的物质性基石,也是国家治理之治理追求在价值层面得以存立的要素补充。实现边疆治理的逻辑更新,将边疆由一“边缘性”话语进位为一个蕴含生机与创造活力的前沿领域,使其实现“本体性”价值的复归与实践路径的“整体性”嵌合,是新时代边疆治理现代化的应有之义。推进边疆治理现代化,要坚持正确的政治导向,深化问题导向意识,注重梳理“知识性”内容,在“以人民为中心”的价值指引下持续夯实基础性资源。     

早期文明的标准与解释

讨论早期文明探源流行的文化标准和社会标准,体现了文明探源从断代和事件向社会复杂化过程的转变。文化标准涉及城市、青铜与文字的意义和内涵,以及它们在社会演进中的意义。社会标准涉及新进化论的四个社会类型,并对酋邦与古国概念做了述评。最后强调了解释的问题,希望我国学界建立统一的概念和术语体系,以减少无谓的争论和论述的模糊性,提高研究质量并努力与国际接轨。